一种新的不确定性时间序列概率相似查找方法

针对传统的数据管理中的数据表示、存储与索引、查询与挖掘等所有技术, 不能直接应用于不确定性时间序列数据的相似性查找的不足. 研究了可用于不确定性时间序列数据的降维表示、索引与剪枝、查找等理论与技术, 针对不确定性时间序列数据结构的复杂性, 首次给出了不确定性时间序列上的概率最近邻的定义; 将不确定性时间序列进行了PLA降维, 转换到PLA空间, 并提出了三个引理, 用以加速查找效率; 基于该三个引理, 提出了概率K最近邻查找算法PKNNS. 通过实验, 验证了PKNNS算法的有效性和效率.     

在时间序列相似性问题中滑动窗口的确定

作为一个非平凡命题,大多数时间序列相似性查找方法都涉及到了对原数据的维度简约.在保持原序列中有效信息量的同时,尽量降低计算复杂度是这些算法的关键.讨论滑动窗口在时间序列相似性降维技术中的实际应用,从中发现确定自适应滑动窗口大小的一种新方法.通过对时序特征值分布函数的挖掘,发现时间序列中的若干有效点,从而确定一组合适的滑动窗口大小,并根据序列变化的来决定最佳的滑动窗口.     

一种复合高维时间序列相似性搜索方法

用浮动搜索算法对时间序列进行特征选择得到低维特征参数,采用WSTB方法实现对高维时序的相似性搜索。首先用浮动搜常算法对高维时间序列降维处理,得到特征参数后进行样本线性分段,建立时序曲线箱和相应索引。其次对样本序列和相似距离进行快速计算,不用逐个检查子序列箱的内容就进行快速索引。最后还验证了该疗法的通用性和有效性。     

一种卫星遥测数据相关性分析方法

卫星遥测数据反映了卫星各系统的实时工作情况,是对卫星各系统工作状态进行分析判断的依据,其数据处理结果及质量直接影响卫星在轨性能的分析和状态的评定.运用ID3算法对卫星太阳帆板遥测数据进行分析,挖掘隐藏在数据中的知识和规则,得到数据之间的关联性,为卫星在轨性能分析提供依据.     

时间序列相似性分析中滑动窗口宽度的确定

时间序列相似性查找作为一种非平凡问题,大多数有效的求解方法都涉及到对原数据维度的简约。在有效地保持原序列中信息量的前提下,尽可能降低计算复杂度是算法的关键所在。通过讨论滑动窗口在时间序列相似性降维算法中的实际应用情况,从中发现一种自适应确定滑动窗口宽度的新方法。通过对时序特征值分布函数挖掘,发现时间序列中的有效特征点,进而确定一组合适的滑动窗口宽度;最后根据序列的变化情况来决定最优的滑动窗口宽度,对原数据维度进行简约。     

基于小波变换的时间序列相似模式匹配

提出了一种新的时序相似模式匹配方法，它采用小波分析的方法实现时间序列数据的降维，采用小波序列表示原序列，将小波序列组织为多维索引结构R-tree存储，在该索引结构基础上，基于一种表示相似性的距离函数，定义了范围查询和最近邻查询算法，实验结果证明这种方法性能优于传统的基于傅立叶变换的相似模式匹配方法。     

利用反馈的时序模式挖掘算法研究

针对时序数据相似性挖掘方法进行研究，提出一种利用反馈的时序数据相似性挖掘算法，由用户赋予各初始范围查询得到的相似序列相应的权值，通过反馈与给定序列叠加产生新的查询序列，再次进行范围查询，获得相似序列，将该算法用于某钢铁企业的电力负荷时序数据，计算结果表明了算法的有效性。     

BioIndex：一种生物序列相似性查询的高效索引

有效管理生物数据并提供高效的查询方法是生物信息处理的重要研究内容.BioSeg是一个新的生物序列数据模型.查询优化研究是生物数据库管理系统开发的重要内容之一.研究当前生物数据索引技术,针对BioSeg数据模型的特点和生物序列相似性查询需求设计了一种新的生物序列数据索引BioIndex,并设计相应的查询算法.首先,使用MEME(Multiple EM for Moeif Elicitation)算法挖掘生物序列集中的序列模式作为索引建立索引序列库;之后,在索引序列库中查找与查询序列最相似的索引序列,将其对应的序列集作为候选集;再在候选集中查找与查询序列最相似的序列.在真实生物序列数据集上的实验表明使用新的生物序列数据索引BioIndex的序列查询算法提高了序列查询的效率.     

基于随机森林的卫星快变遥测数据建模

现代卫星已逐渐成为国家重大基础设施,为了解其在轨运行状态,需要对遥测数据进行分析;其中快变遥测数据包含了大量卫星服务情况信息,对该数据进行基于机器学习算法的分析建模,可以更好利用特征维度高、数据量大的快变遥测数据,为人工智能在卫星数据建模、运维方面提供一种可能方案;提出一种基于随机森林算法对在轨卫星快变遥测数据进行建模的方法,并引入改进的二次网格搜索方法对模型参数进行调优;使用模型对某频点功率测量值进行预测,结果显示R2值达到0.98以上,预测值误差较小,建立了效果较好的快变遥测数据模型,为实现基于机器学习的快变遥测数据分析提供了一种可能的方案;     

基于数学形态学的时间序列相似性度量研究

时间序列相似性度量在挖掘时间序列模式,提取时间序列关联关系上发挥着重要作用。分析了当前主流的时间序列相似性度量算法,分别指出了各度量算法在度量时序数据相似性时存在的缺陷,并提出了基于数学形态学的时间序列相似性度量算法。通过将归一化的时间序列二值图像化表示,再引入了图像处理领域中的膨胀、腐蚀操作对时序数据进行形态变换分析,提高相似时序数据部分的抗噪性,同时又不降低时序数据非相似部分间的差异度,实现时序数据相似性度量分类精度的提高。在八种时间序列测试数据集合上进行分类实验,实验结果表明提出的基于数学形态学的时间序列相似性度量算法在时间序列分类精度上得到有效改善,相比于DTW相似性度量算法,分类精度平均水平提升了8.74%,最高提升20%。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.