基于小波去噪与变换域的信道估计方法

针对长期演进(LTE)下行正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的最小二乘(LS)信道估计算法对噪声比较敏感的问题,提出了一种基于小波变换去噪与变换域插值相结合的信道估计方法.该方法通过在最小二乘(LS)估计之后加入小波阈值去噪过程,再通过变换域低通滤波插值估计进行双重去噪处理.计算机仿真结果表明,该估计方法能够有效地去除加性高斯白噪声,比一般的LS估计算法性能要好,在一定程度上弥补了LS估计算法对噪声敏感的缺陷.     

MIMO-OFDM系统中基于小波包的信道估计方法

对多输入多输出-正交频分复用(MIMO-OFDM)系统中基于导频辅助的最小二乘(LS)信道估计算法进行研究,针对LS算法对噪声影响比较敏感的缺点,提出了一种基于小波包去噪的信道估计方法,对导频符号的信道响应进行去噪处理后,再做内插估计.根据该方法的思想,基于长期演进(LTE)协议进行计算机仿真与分析,结果表明该方法比传统的LS估计算法具有更好的性能,能够有效减小信道噪声的影响,提高信道估计精度.     

多天线系统频域信道估计算法的研究

在天线性能优化问题的研究中,MIMO-OFDM 技术将 OFDM 与空时编码技术有机的结合在一起,能够大幅度的提高无线通信系统的信道容量和传输速率.为了有效地抵抗多径衰落、抑制干扰和噪声,提出了一种改进的 LS 频域信道估计的改进算法即分组 LS 频域信道估计算法.算法根据 MIMO-OFDM 系统相邻子载波频域信道响应变化缓慢的结论,把所有天线发送的 OFDM 子载波分成多组来进行信道估计.通过对算法的仿真建模并进行仿真,表明算法具有简化算法复杂度以及提高抗噪声和信道估计能力,在抗多普勒频移等方面有更好的性能.算法可为多天线系统信道估计的研究提供了设计依据.     

基于压缩感知的OQAM/OFDM系统POP方法信道估计

针对偏移正交幅度调制的正交频分复用(OQAM/OFDM)系统中成对训练序列(POP)法信道估计技术性能较差且受噪声影响较大的问题,提出了一种基于压缩感知(CS)的POP信道估计方法.该方法将压缩感知技术应用于POP法信道估计之中,将传统的频域信道估计方法转化为时域信道估计方法,通过压缩感知技术准确地重构出时域信道信息,减少导频开销,提高频谱利用率,得到更好的信道估计性能.与传统的OQAM/OFDM系统的信道估计方法进行比较,仿真结果表明,所提的方法能够在使用较少的导频符号的同时得到更高的系统性能和信道估计精度.     

基于TD-LTE系统的新型信噪比估计算法

针对TD-LTE系统频域映射时域加噪的特性,采用频域分离噪声的方法进行信噪比(SNR)估计,并将经典的盲估计二阶四阶矩(M2M4)算法推广到适合TD-LTE系统中,最后在AWGN和EPA信道模型下进行仿真。结果表明,推广的M2M4算法可以应用于TD-LTE系统AWGN信道,频域去噪算法不仅能够准确地估计SNR,而且可以适用于不同信道环境。该实现方法已应用于LTE-TDD无线综合测试仪表的开发中。     

基于小波去噪与离散余弦变换相结合的正交频分复用系统信道估计算法

针对传统的基于离散余弦变换(DCT)信道估计算法没有处理循环前缀之内噪声的问题,提出了一种基于小波去噪与DCT插值相结合的正交频分复用(OFDM)系统信道估计方法。首先,采用最小二乘(LS)法对接收到的导频信号进行信道初步估计;然后,对LS法估计出的结果进行离散小波阈值去噪处理;最后,利用DCT插值对循环前缀内的噪声再次处理,以进一步减小噪声的影响。在Matlab 2012平台上仿真,与传统的基于DCT信道估计算法相比较,误码率相同的条件下,所提算法的信噪比(SNR)性能提升了1 dB左右;均方误差相同的条件下,所提算法的SNR性能提升2 dB左右。仿真实验结果表明,该算法能够较好地减小加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)的影响,并有效提高信道估计的准确度,其总体性能较基于DCT的信道估计算法更优。     

一种基于小波去噪的DFT信道估计改进算法

针对小波去噪与DFT插值相结合的信道估计算法没有对循环前缀内的噪声进行去噪的缺点,提出了一种基于小波去噪与改进的DFT插值相结合的信道估计新算法。该算法首先利用离散小波变换对最小二乘(LS)法估计出的结果进行阈值去噪处理,并根据循环前缀内、外噪声方差的均值在DFT插值的过程中设置相应门限,然后对循环前缀内的噪声再次处理,以进一步减小噪声的影响。仿真实验结果表明,在复杂度基本不变的前提下,该算法能够较好地减小加性高斯白噪声的影响,并有效提升信道估计的准确度,其总体性能较小波去噪与DFT插值相结合的信道估计算法更优。     

基于信道频域模型及OFDM技术的超分辨率时延估计算法

就非自由空间电磁波测距这一课题,给出了信道的参数化频域模型,提出了互相关MUSIC超分辨率时延估计(TDE)算法,进一步结合先进的OFDM技术提出了基于信道频域响应及OFDM技术的互相关MUSIC算法,利用OFDM这一特殊的调制解调技术方便可靠的获得了信道的频域响应.对该算法的时延估计性能进行了仿真,结果表明该算法在[SNR]=0dB、[BW]=20 MHz条件下可实现精确的TDE,对应的测距误差不大于30 cm,充分体现了算法的超分辨率特性及抗噪性.     

基于椭球基扩展模型的OFDM快变信道估计仿真

在无线正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)系统中,快速时变信道带来的子载波间干扰(intercarrier interference,ICI)影响子载波间的正交性,严重恶化系统性能.由于信道在一个OFDM符号期间内就发生变化,导致信道的频域矩阵不再具有对角性,给信道估计带来新的挑战.为解决上述问题,针对快变信道情况下,利用椭球基扩展信道模型,采用频域插入优化的梳状导频的方法,基于改进的线性最小均方误差估计器(LMMSE)对快变信道进行估计,仿真结果表明,方法能够对快变信道进行准确估计,为信道均衡提供了良好的性能.     

基于伪噪声序列的OFDM信道估计方法

针对正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)的应用及需求,提出一种基于伪噪声(pseudo-noise)序列的OFDM系统模型,并针对其信道估计均衡需求,提出一种基于迭代的信道估计算法和低复杂度的频域均衡算法。最后在高斯白噪声信道、存在多普勒频移瑞利信道、双径延迟信道下,对误码率性能进行仿真和分析。结果表明,该方法适用于常见信道,误码率性能优于传统循环前缀(Cyclic Prefix,CP)OFDM,且通过迭代能够提高性能。以上研究结果可应用于OFDM数字电视地面广播工程。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。