乙肝表面抗原在微球表面的吸附行为、活性和结构变化

采用快速膜乳化技术结合溶剂挥发法制备了尺寸均一的聚乳酸(PLA)微球,平均粒径为800 nm左右,并采用PLA微球对乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)进行了吸附研究,考察了pH值、盐浓度、微球用量、HBsAg浓度及吸附温度对HBsAg吸附率、活性和结构的影响. 结果表明,在pH 6.0的磷酸缓冲溶液中,NaCl浓度为20 g/L、微球用量为20 mg/mL、HBsAg浓度为10 mg/mL、吸附温度为37℃的条件下,HBsAg吸附率可达60%左右. 4℃下,pH值为8.0及NaCl浓度为1 g/L、微球用量为2 mg/mL及HBsAg浓度为300 mg/mL时,HBsAg活性保留可达98%以上.     

β-环糊精固化单宁复合微球制备及吸附性能研究

以β-环糊精、单宁为单体,环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,反相悬浮交联制备β-环糊精/单宁复合微球。通过红外光谱法、X射线衍射法对微球进行表征,证明单宁成功固定在β-环糊精上。以阳离子染料亚甲基蓝为有机吸附质模型,考察了染料初始溶液pH、初始溶液质量浓度对微球吸附性能的影响。吸附性能实验表明,pH在中性条件下,β-环糊精空腔与单宁酚羟基协同作用,有利于提高微球与亚甲基蓝之间的静电吸附能力,吸附率为80.31%;当亚甲基蓝初始浓度增大至1000 mg/L时,网络中的空隙被填充,吸附位点趋于饱和,吸附量最大达到630.41 mg/g。β-环糊精/单宁复合微球具有较好的重复使用性能,大大提高了2种单体在工业废水吸附领域的应用价值。     

壳聚糖固载环糊精微球的制备及吸附硝基酚

反相悬浮法制备甲醛保护壳聚糖(CTS)微球,环氧氯丙烷为交联剂β-环糊精反应制得壳聚糖固载环糊精微球。产物用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪进行表征,并用于吸附2,4-二硝基酚研究。考察了吸附时间、溶液pH值、酚浓度和NaCl含量对吸附的影响。实验结果表明,壳聚糖固载环糊精(CTS-CD)微球具有较好的耐酸碱性能,在pH值为3.6条件下,对2,4-二硝基酚的吸附快速达到平衡,吸附量为325mg/g,吸附符合Freundlich等温方程和二级动力学方程。     

“类乒乓球”状壳聚糖微球对环丙沙星的控制释放性能的研究

以甲醛作为交联剂,通过悬浮交联法得到单分散性的微米级微球。采用分光光度法研究了壳聚糖微球对环丙沙星的载药释药性能,考察了环丙沙星初始浓度、pH、微球粒径大小、载药时间及温度对饱和吸附量的影响。结果表明,在初始浓度为200 mg/L,pH为8.80和时间为65 min,温度为37℃的优化条件下,壳聚糖微球对环丙沙星的载药量最大,最大吸附量为325 mg/g。在pH为7.4,温度为37℃的模拟人体肠胃缓冲溶液(NaH2PO4/NaOH)中研究了初始浓度以及释放时间对释放结果的影响。实验表明,环丙沙星在担载时与环丙沙星的初始浓度有关,浓度越大,担载量越大,但是担载效率和浓度之间无确定的线性关系。在环丙沙星释放初期有明显的释放现象,但是随着时间的推移,药物释放逐渐稳定,释药效率可达97%左右。     

Cu2+印迹交联壳聚糖微球的合成及吸附性能

利用分子印迹技术,以壳聚糖(CS)为功能单体,Cu~(2+)为印迹离子,通过稀氨水固化、环氧氯丙烷交联、盐酸洗脱Cu~(2+),制得了Cu~(2+)印迹交联壳聚糖微球(Cu~(2+)-ICM)。采用FTIR、XRD和FESEM对产品进行了表征,并测定了微球的骨架密度、含水量和交联度。结果表明:交联改性可使微球具有多孔结构和良好的结构稳定性,能够很好地降低CS的酸溶性,提高微球对Cu~(2+)的吸附性能。通过正交实验L_9(3~4)得到Cu~(2+)-ICM的最优制备条件为:CS 1.5 g,环氧氯丙烷2.5 mL,80℃下交联3.0 h,制得的微球对Cu~(2+)吸附量为67.80 mg/g。在单组分体系中考察了微球对Cu~(2+)的吸附性能。结果表明:当微球投加量为50 mg,Cu~(2+)初始质量浓度为338.7 mg/L,pH=5.0时,吸附量为72.80 mg/g。     

壳聚糖微球的制备及其对酸性染料的吸附性能

以壳聚糖（CS）为原料、多聚磷酸钠（TPP）和环氧氯丙烷（ECH）为交联剂,采用滴加成球法制备得到改性壳聚糖微球。研究微球对模拟兰纳洒脱酱红B（ABB）和尼龙山黄N-3RL（NYN）两种酸性染料废水的吸附性能。在染料废水初始质量浓度为100 mg/L、体积为50 mL的条件下,微球对两种染料废水的最佳吸附条件：微球粒径为0.5 mm,加入量为20.0 mg,吸附时间为16 h,pH值为3,振荡速率为150 r/min,ABB废水温度为20℃,NYN废水温度为 30～50 ℃。在最佳的吸附条件下,微球对ABB和NYN的吸附与Freundlich方程和Langmuir方程均有很好的关联,最大吸附量分别达到714.29 mg/g和769.23 mg/g,比普通壳聚糖对两种染料的最大吸附量分别提高443.99 mg/g、102.53 mg/g。对吸附饱和后的壳聚糖微球,用0.01 mol/L的NaOH溶液进行解吸,再生率分别达到99.08%和99.35%,可以重复利用,节省脱色成本。     

磁性淀粉微球对Ni(Ⅱ)吸附性能的研究

研究了磁性淀粉微球对Ni(Ⅱ)的吸附性能。考查了在常温条件下,反应时间、Ni(Ⅱ)的初始浓度、磁性淀粉微球的用量等对吸附性能的影响。探讨了磁性淀粉微球对Ni(Ⅱ)的吸附热力学和吸附动力学行为。结果表明:Ni(Ⅱ)为80mg/L,磁性淀粉微球用量为30mg时,在常温下经过80min的振荡吸附,磁性淀粉微球对Ni(Ⅱ)饱和吸附量达到11.69mg/g;吸附热力学表明磁性淀粉微球对Ni(Ⅱ)的吸附行为符合Freundlich方程;磁性淀粉微球对Ni(Ⅱ)离子的吸附过程可用准一级和准二级动力学模型进行模拟,但更符合二级动力学方程。     

牛白蛋白包裹复合磁性微球的制备及性能表征

首先在反相(W/O)微乳液体系中制备出Fe3O4/PAM(聚丙烯酰胺)磁性微球;然后在牛白蛋白的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲溶液中,以戊二醛为交联剂,加入Fe3O4/PAM微球,使蛋白质特异性吸附在微球上。采用电子衍射、透射电镜、差热、热重、红外光谱等方法对复合微球的粒径、结构等性质进行了表征与分析。并考察了牛白蛋白的浓度、pH以及保温时间对蛋白质吸附程度的影响。结果显示,微球粒径20 nm左右,粒径均匀;微球具有较大吸附量;pH增大使蛋白质的吸附量减小;在一定范围内,增大蛋白质初始浓度和延长保温时间均有利于增加蛋白质的吸附量。     

羧化改性壳聚糖微球的制备及吸附硝基酚的性能

采用反相悬浮环氧氯丙烷交联、氯乙酸羧甲基化制备交联羧化壳聚糖微球,用红外光谱和扫描电镜对微球进行表征,并用于2,4-二硝基苯酚的吸附研究。考察了吸附时间、溶液pH值、酚的浓度和NaCl等因素对2,4-二硝基苯酚吸附的影响。结果表明,羧化改性交联壳聚糖微球具有较好的耐酸碱性能,对2,4-二硝基苯酚有良好的吸附性能,在pH值为3.6条件下,吸附在瞬间就能达到平衡,吸附量达230 mg.g-1,吸附符合Freundlich等温方程。     

羧甲基壳聚糖微球对曙红Y的吸附研究

以壳聚糖粉末为原料,戊二醛进行交联、羧甲基化,制得羧甲基壳聚糖微球。采用SEM对壳聚糖微球的形貌、大小进行了表征,研究羧甲基壳聚糖微球对曙红Y的吸附性能。探讨吸附剂用量、吸附时间、曙红Y的初始浓度、pH、温度对脱色率的影响,研究吸附等温曲线和动力学方程。实验结果表明,曙红Y初始浓度增加时,吸附量也增加,直到吸附饱和,羧甲基壳聚糖的饱和吸附量为75 mg/g;相同条件下,吸附剂用量增加时,平衡吸附量减小,去除率增加。298 K,吸附剂投加量为1 g,pH=7.0,吸附时间为40 min时,初始浓度为560 mg/L的曙红Y染料的去除率可以达到90%以上。符合Langmuir等温方程和二级吸附动力学方程。     

Zeolite X/chitosan hybrid microspheres and their adsorption properties for Cu(II) ions in aqueous solutions

The preparation of zeolite X/chitosan (CS) hybrid microspheres for efficient removal of Cu(II) ions by an impregnation-gelation-hydrothermal synthesis technique is reported here. Characterizations by various techniques indicate that the microspheres show porous structures and intimate interaction between zeolite and CS. The adsorption experiments are performed to evaluate the adsorption capacity of zeolite X/CS hybrid microspheres and comparisons are made with binderless zeolite X microspheres, pure CS microspheres and mechanical mixed zeolite X/CS microspheres. The effects of Cu(II) solution concentration and the pH are investigated. The results indicate that zeolite X/CS hybrid microspheres with the zeolite content of 60 wt% show the highest adsorption capacity, which is 90 mg/g at the initial Cu(II) concentration of 10 mg/L and 150.4 mg/g at Cu(II) concentration of 500 mg/L. The adsorption capacity increases with increasing initial pH and reaches a maximum at pH 5.5 in the range of 0–6.0. The equilibrium adsorption data are well described by the Langmuir isotherm model, exhibiting a maximum adsorption capacity of 152.0 mg/g, and the kinetic data are well fitted with the pseudo-second-order equation. Complete removal of Cu(II) ions can be obtained even at very low concentrations. The microspheres show high adsorption capacity and efficiency for Cu(II) ions, exhibiting potential practical application in the treatment of water pollution of heavy metal ions.     

Adsorption characteristics of tannic acid onto the novel protonated palygorskite/chitosan resin microspheres

Novel protonated palygorskite/chitosan resin microspheres (p‐PCRM) were prepared and applied as adsorbents for the removal of tannic acid (TA) from aqueous solution. The effects of palygorskite (PAL) content, the initial pH value of the TA solution, and contact time and temperature on adsorption capacity of the microspheres were investigated. The adsorption process was found to be pH dependant with an optimum activity at pH 8.0. In comparison with protonated chitosan microspheres (224 mg g^?1), the p‐PCRM with 20 wt % PAL content exhibited higher adsorption capacity (455 mg g^?1) for TA at the same adsorption conditions. This may be attributed to the hydrogen bonding between adsorbents and adsorbates, and the porous structure formed by the introduction of PAL, which were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and the pore parameters analysis. The study of adsorption kinetics and isotherms showed that the sorption processes were better fitted by pseudo‐second‐order equation and the Langmuir equation, respectively. Furthermore, the desorption study implied that the p‐PCRM were recyclable when 0.1M HCl was used as eluents. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Synthesis of novel low‐cost porous gangue microsphere/geopolymer composites and their adsorption properties for dyes

A novel porous coal gangue microsphere/geopolymer (CG/KGP) composite was firstly synthesized by adding gangue microspheres into geopolymer matrix. Effects of precalcined temperature of CG microspheres on the microstructure and specific surface area of the porous CG/KGP particles were systematically investigated. Adsorption properties of the CG/KGP composites were also reported. Results showed that the CG/KGP composites contained mainly amorphous phase and many functional groups were on the particle surface. The precalcined CG microspheres were dispersed homogenously and bonded well with the KGP matrix. The CG900/KGP samples showed better adsorption properties than the pure KGP. As for the dosage of 4 g/L (starting concentration, 100 mg/L), adsorption capacity achieved the highest value of 24.6 mg/g and the removal efficiency reached 98%. Adsorption of MB onto CG900/KGP particles followed the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model. The novel porous CG/KGP composite has potential application in wastewater filtration and adsorption treatment.     

Human serum albumin (HSA) adsorption with chitosan microspheres

In this study, chitosan microspheres were prepared and characterized for adsorption of human serum albumin (HSA) as affinity sorbent. The chitosan microspheres were obtained with a “suspension crosslinking technique” in the size range of 30–700 μm by using a crosslinker, i.e., glutaraldehyde. The chitosan microspheres used in HSA adsorption studies were having the average size of 170 ± 81 μm. Adsorption medium pH and the initial HSA concentration in the adsorption medium were changed as 4.0–7.0 and 0.5–2.0 mg HSA/mL, respectively, to investigate the HSA adsorption capacity of chitosan microspheres. Maximum HSA adsorption (i.e., 11.35 mg HSA/g chitosan microspheres) was obtained at pH 5.0 and 1.5 mg HSA/mL of the initial HSA concentration in the adsorption medium was obtained as the saturation value for HSA adsorption. A very common dye ligand, i.e., Cibacron Blue F3GA was attached to the chitosan microspheres to increase the HSA adsorption capacity. Actually, the HSA adsorption capacity was increased up to 15.35 mg HSA/g chitosan microspheres in the case of Cibacron Blue F3GA attached to chitosan microspheres used. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3035–3039, 2002     

双甘膦修饰磁性四氧化三铁纳米微球吸附DNA的研究

用双甘膦(PMIDA)修饰磁性四氧化三铁纳米微球(MNP)并负载Zn2+制得了PMIDA-Zn2+修饰磁性微球吸附剂。考察了吸附溶液的pH值、离子强度、吸附时间、吸附温度等因素对DNA吸附的影响。结果表明,当吸附剂用量为10mg、pH值为5.0、离子强度(NaCl浓度)为2.0mol.L-1、吸附时间为20min、吸附温度为35℃时,吸附率可达80%,吸附容量为21mg.g-1。被吸附的DNA用3.5%的氨水能完全洗脱。将PMIDA-Zn2+修饰磁性微球用于玉米DNA的提取,所得DNA纯度较高,效果令人满意。     

磁性聚合物微球在Cr(VI)吸附分离中的应用(英文)

The magnetic poly-(methacrylate-divinyl benzene) microspheres with micron size were synthesized by modified suspension polymerization method.Adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by magnetic poly-(MA-DVB) microspheres with surface amination was investigated.The adsorption processes were carried out under diversified conditions of pH value,adsorption time and temperature to evaluate the performance of the mag-netic microspheres.The optimum pH value for Cr(VI) adsorption was found as 3.The adsorption capacity increased with adsorption time and attained an optimum at 60 min.The adsorption processes for magnetic microspheres was endothermic reaction,and the adsorption capacity increased with increasing temperature.     

Removal of copper(II) from an aqueous solution with copper(II)‐imprinted chitosan microspheres

Ion‐imprinted chitosan (CS) microspheres (MIPs) were prepared with Cu(II) as a template and epichlorohydrin as a crosslinker for the selective separation of Cu(II) from aqueous solution. The microspheres showed a higher adsorption capacity and selectivity for the Cu(II) ions than nonimprinted chitosan microspheres (NMIPs) without a template. The results show that the adsorption of Cu(II) on the CS microspheres was affected by the initial pH value, initial Cu(II) concentration, and temperature. The kinetic parameters of the adsorption process indicated that the adsorption followed a second‐order adsorption process. Equilibrium experiments showed very good fits with the Langmuir isotherm equation for the monolayer adsorption process. The maximum sorption capacity calculated from the Langmuir isotherm was 201.66 mg/g for the Cu–MIPs and 189.51 mg/g for the NMIPs; these values were close to the experimental ones. The selectivity coefficients of Cu(II) and other metal ions on the NMIPs indicated a preference for Cu(II). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

粉煤灰基地质聚合物微球吸附水中铜（Ⅱ）的研究

以粉煤灰为原料,以氢氧化钾溶液为碱激发剂,将二者按照优化配比（氧化钾与氧化铝物质的量比为1.5、水与氧化钠物质的量比为18）混合均匀后,采用悬浮固化法制备粉煤灰基地质聚合物微球,将微球用于吸附含铜废水中的铜（Ⅱ）。通过X射线衍射（XRD）仪、比表面积与孔径分析仪、BT-99型水质分析仪对微球进行了表征,探究了吸附时间、微球用量、吸附温度、铜（Ⅱ）溶液pH、铜（Ⅱ）溶液质量浓度等因素对微球吸附铜（Ⅱ）的影响。结果表明,粉煤灰基地质聚合物微球较粉煤灰原料具有更大的孔径和比表面积,具有更好的对铜（Ⅱ）的吸附效果,在最优条件下[微球用量为0.20 g、溶液pH为5、铜（Ⅱ）初始质量浓度为100 mg/L、溶液体积为100 mL、吸附温度为40℃、吸附时间为24 h]微球对铜（Ⅱ）的吸附量为45.62 mg/g、去除率达到91.46%,吸附过程遵循准二级动力学方程。