热丝CVD法金刚石膜生长速度研究

本文使用热丝ＣＶＤ法着重研究了基底表面的处理、工作气压、碳化物的含量、基底温度、灯丝温度以及基底与灯丝间距离等对金刚石膜生长速度所产生的影响，并在以上研究的基础上采取措施，使热丝ＣＶＤ法生长金刚石膜的速度提高了４倍。     

荷能粒子在类金刚石膜形成中的应用

类金刚石膜由于其优异性能和广泛应用已引起越来越多的研究兴趣。尽管各种化学和等离子体辅助ＣＶＤ和ＰＶＤ技术已用来沉积类金刚石膜（ＤＬＣ膜），但其形成机理仍不清楚。本文通过分析荷能离子的作用，应用热峰效应和离子刻蚀效应来解释ＤＬＣ膜的形成。     

荷能粒子在类金刚石膜形成中的作用

类金刚石膜由于其优异性能和广泛应用已引起越来越多的研究兴趣。尽管各种化学和等离子体辅助ＣＶＤ和ＰＶＤ技术已用来沉积类金刚石膜（ＤＬＣ膜）,但其形成机理仍不清楚。本文通过分析荷能离子的作用,应用热峰效应和离子刻蚀效应来解释ＤＬＣ膜的形成     

热丝辅助等离子体化学气相法生长c－BN薄膜

用热丝辅助射频等离子体化学气相沉积法（ＰＣＶＤ）合成：ｃ－ＢＮ薄膜获得成功。实验结果表明，灯丝温度、反应气压、衬底温度、灯丝与衬底距离对薄膜质量有重要影响。     

CVD法生长金刚石晶粒的形态

用ＳＥＭ研究了ＣＶＤ法生长金刚石晶体形态，观察到了单晶立方八面体、双晶立方八面体和两种不同形态的二十面体。晶粒上的三角形晶面多为凹坑，电有晶面上分层发育的晶层。在二十面体中，还直接地发现了倾角间隙，对于ＣＶＤ法生长的金刚石晶粒这些都是首次观察到，此外还首次观察到其它几种立方多面体晶形。     

一种专门用于刀具的热丝CVD金刚石

介绍了CVD金刚石厚膜的不同生长工艺的优缺点,并采用新型热丝CVD工艺生长出金刚石。新工艺生长出的热丝CVD金刚石具有成核密度高、晶粒细小、组织致密、孔洞缺陷和杂质少等优点,是CVD金刚石刀具的理想材料。     

文摘

20 0 10 30大面积ＣＶＤ金刚石膜的热铁板抛光 [刊 ,中 ]/刘敬明 ,蒋政 ,等∥北京科技大学学报 ,2 0 0 1,2 3(1) :43～ 45研制成功国内第 1台大面积ＣＶＤ金刚石膜热铁板抛光机。它可以在 10 -3 Ｐａ真空条件下 ,加热到 110 0℃ ;抛光台可以在 0～ 10ｒ/ｍｉｎ间实现无线调速 ,一次完成 3片Φ110ｍｍ的金刚石膜的抛光。金刚石膜在 980℃ ,2ｈ抛光的结果表明 ,该装置有良好的抛光效果。金刚石膜在 980℃抛光不同时间的Ｒａｍａｎ谱表明 ,金刚石热铁板抛光是金刚石石墨化和Ｃ原子不断扩散的过程。图 6参 62 0 0 10 31色谱法分离纯化富勒烯的研…     

干法制膜CVD技术

化学气相沉积（ＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌＶａｐｏｒＤｅｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ，简称ＣＶＤ）是利用化学反应由气相生长固体物质的方法。一般把反应物是气体而生成物之一是固体的反应称为ＣＶＤ反应。通常ＣＶＤ是在高温下反应制取所需要的薄厚膜。ＣＶＤ法可制成各种薄膜和形成不同薄...     

金刚石薄膜显微结构研究

采用多种现代分析方法研究了热丝CVD法高速生长的金刚石薄膜的显微结构。XRD和Raman光谱结果表明薄膜由金刚石组成,金刚石薄膜的晶格参数与天然金刚石一致,没有非金刚石碳与其它杂相存在。AES与SIMS结果表明金刚石膜中只含有极微量的O、Na、N等杂质。SIMS分析结果还表明同位素C13在金刚石膜生长过程中富集。SEM结果表明基片表面状况影响金刚石薄膜的形核密度,而工作气压则影响金刚石薄膜晶形的完整性,适当气压下生长的金刚石薄膜致密且晶形完整、清晰。     

影响金刚石膜刀具涂层形貌的因素分析

采用高分辨金相显微镜对硬质合金刀生上沉各的ＣＶＤ金刚石薄膜进行了表面形貌和膜／基横截面组织形貌的观察;并利用该显微镜配备的功能测量了金刚石颗粒大小,膜厚;利用显微镜正焦／过焦观察判断了金刚石薄膜的成膜状况。初步观察结果表明：甲烷浓度和基体钴含量对金刚石薄膜的表面形貌和膜／基横截面组织形貌有显著的影响。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。