有机硅烷功能化碳点的制备及应用进展

碳点(Carbon dots,CDs)因其合成方法简单、原料来源广泛、光致发光性能优异、生物相容性好等优点,在生物成像、荧光探针等方面引起了广泛的研究兴趣.然而,CDs仍存在荧光量子产率低、聚集诱导荧光猝灭等不足,限制了其在光电器件领域中的应用.有机硅烷功能化CDs(SiCDs)不仅具有良好的液态荧光,而且能够保持其固...     

荧光碳点的合成及其应用研究进展

碳点(Carbon Dots,CDs)具有良好的体内外生物相容性、表面功能化、合成环境友好、成本低等优点,引起了国内外学者的广泛关注。本文对近年来碳点领域的研究进展,包括碳点的合成方法、性质和应用进行了总结和归纳。尤其是碳点在生物成像、光催化、电催化、发光二极管(LEDs)等领域的应用,并对碳点未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

碳量子点的合成、表面改性及应用研究进展

碳量子点(CDs)因其独特的物理或化学特性而被广泛应用于各领域。与传统半导体量子点相比,CDs的最大优点是低细胞毒性,高生物相容性,同时对环境友好。通过选择特定的合成或改性方法来获得满足应用条件的碳点,是研究人员的迫切需求。综述了CDs的自上而下和自下而上的各种合成方法并描述了其合成后的各种特性,其中自上而下法偏向于生产较大量的碳点,但尺寸和碳点形态难以控制。自下而上法能更好地控制碳点的尺寸及形状,但过程较为复杂耗时。再进一步探讨了CDs的表面改性包括表面钝化,表面功能化的研究进展。不同合成方法或改性方法制备的碳点特性具有较大差别,延伸出其在各方面的应用,包括细胞成像,荧光传感,药物递送,光催化,离子检测等。最后总结分析了碳点研究可进一步探索的方面,以期为碳点更深入的研究与更广泛的应用提供参考。     

长春光机所在高效多色荧光碳点及其生物应用上取得进展

正碳点(Carbon Dots)具有优异的发光特性、良好的生物相容性、低毒性、强亲水性和表面易功能化等特性,以碳点为荧光制剂结合其他官能团,可以赋予其更多的功能,这使其在生物相关方面具有广泛地潜在应用价值。并为其在生物医学等领域实际应用提供了得天独厚的有利条件。中国科学院长春光机所的孙再成研究员的研究团队在高效的多色荧光碳点的合成上取得了一系列的进展。通过简单的调控反应溶剂,合成了N掺杂的荧光碳点,所合成的荧光碳点可以在紫外、蓝光和绿光激发下发出接近于单色的蓝、绿和     

碳点在膜技术中的应用进展

碳点(CDs)是一种新型的零维碳基材料，其具有超小尺寸、亲水性强、丰富的表面官能团、易于合成和良好的水溶性等优异特性.通过调控CDs的性质可以提高复合膜的水通量和分离性能，将其引入膜材料中对开发高渗透性和高选择性复合膜具有重要意义.因此，CDs在膜分离领域展现了巨大的应用前景.本文介绍了CDs或改性CDs的合成方法，总结了CDs复合膜的制备及其在气体分离、水净化、有机溶剂分离等领域的应用，并对CDs在膜技术领域的应用中所面临的机遇与挑战进行了展望.     

磷光碳点的结构设计、合成及其应用（英文）

磷光碳点(CDs)因其具有长寿命、长波长发射、低背景干扰等优点,在能源、信息和生物医学等领域具有较大的潜力。但是,磷光CDs的制备及其发光机理依然面临一些挑战,如:其三重态极易受到外界环境的影响,从而导致磷光猝灭。因此,针对存在的问题,本文首先分析和总结了磷光CDs的起源以及杂元素掺杂、刚性结构和共轭结构等对磷光CDs结构和性能的影响;其次,从一步和两步法两方面综述了其合成方法;再次,归纳了磷光CDs在信息防伪、发光二极管、离子检测和生物成像等方面的应用研究;最后,提出目前仍然存在的问题,并展望了其研究和应用发展方向。     

淀粉基荧光碳点的快速绿色制备及其在白光LED中的应用（英文）

以土豆淀粉为碳源,采用简单、环保的微波辅助水热法合成荧光碳点(CDs)。通过实验参数优化,合成CDs的最优反应时间、反应温度和淀粉溶液浓度分别为30 min、220℃和1 mg/mL。为了提高CDs的荧光量子产率,在以上最优反应条件下,通过加入氮掺杂剂乙二胺合成氮掺杂碳点(N-CDs),其荧光量子产率(QY)比CDs的QY提高将近一倍。CDs与N-CDs均具有良好的水溶性和热稳定性,其溶液在紫外灯照射下均发出蓝色荧光,并且N-CDs的荧光强度明显高于CDs。再将CDs/淀粉复合物和N-CDs作为荧光粉,与紫外芯片结合得到白光发光二极管器件,器件分别发出黄白光和白光,色坐标分别为(0.38,0.45)和(0.33,0.35)。淀粉基碳点荧光粉在光电器件领域表现出很大的潜力。     

荧光碳点的合成、发光机制、固态发光及其在WLEDs中的应用（英文）

荧光碳点（CDs）作为一种尺寸小于10 nm的新型碳质纳米材料，因其优异的荧光调谐性、良好的生物相容性以及来源广泛和成本低廉等优点而受到了广泛的研究。此外，由于CDs制备工艺简单、性能优异，在光学传感、能源、生物医学成像、白光发光二极管（WLEDs）等领域均有广泛的应用。近年来，大量的CDs基固态光致发光材料被开发出来并应用于WLEDs领域。基于目前的研究，本文首先对CDs的合成策略进行了简要综述，随后详细介绍了CDs的光致发光机理和实现固态光致发光的方法，并且对CDs应用于WLEDs领域的最新进展进行了总结。最后，讨论了目前CDs研究面临的问题与挑战。     

阳离子碳点在癌症诊断和基因治疗一体化中的研究进展

阳离子碳点(CCDs)是表面带正电荷的一类碳点(CDs),可通过CDs和含氨基(—NH2)的阳离子化合物经"一步法"或"两步法"制备得到,既保留了CDs良好的荧光性能、低毒性及生物相容性,又提高了基因的负载输送能力及细胞摄取能力,使得CCDs在癌症靶向荧光成像和基因治疗领域中有重要的应用价值.本文综述了CCDs的制备方...     

高通量抗污染碳量子点/聚砜纳米复合分离膜的制备

先以4-氨基水杨酸(ASA)为原料发生水热反应合成碳量子点(CDs),随后将其共混分散在铸膜液中用非溶剂诱导相分离法制备了PSF/CDs纳米复合膜。透射电子显微镜(TEM)观测和傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)证实,CDs具有小尺寸和大量亲水基团的特点。使用水接触角分析(WCA)、扫描探针显微镜(SPM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对分离膜进行了表征,发现纳米复合膜具有比原始膜更好的亲水性和更多的孔洞,从而使分离膜具有更高的通量和抗污染性能。PSF/CDs膜的通量回复率(FRR)超过90%,总污染率(Rt)低于60%,且可逆型污染为主要污染源。CDs含量(质量分数)为2%的复合膜整体效果最佳。具有更强抗污染能力的纳米复合膜,其水通量甚至为纯PSF膜的3倍。     

Photo‐Stimulated Polychromatic Room Temperature Phosphorescence of Carbon Dots

Single‐component multicolor luminescence, particularly phosphorescence materials are highly attractive both in numerous applications and in‐depth understanding the light‐emission processes, but formidable challenges still exist for preparing such materials. Herein, a very facile approach is reported to synthesize carbon dots (CDs) (named MP‐CDs) that exhibit multicolor fluorescence (FL), and more remarkably, multicolor long‐lived room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) under ambient conditions. The FL and RTP colors of the CDs powder are observed to change from blue to green and cyan to yellow, respectively, with the excitation wavelength shifting from 254 to 420 nm. Further studies demonstrate that the multicolor emissions can be attributed to the existence of multiple emitting centers in the CDs and the relatively higher reaction temperature plays a critical role for achieving RTP. Given the unique optical properties, a preliminary application of MP‐CDs in advanced anti‐counterfeiting is presented. This study not only proposes a strategy to prepare photo‐stimulated multicolor RTP materials, but also reveals great potentials of CDs in exploiting novel optical materials with unique properties.     

Recent Advances of Carbon Dots with Afterglow Emission

Carbon dots (CDs) have gradually become a new generation of nano-luminescent materials, which have received extensive attention due to excellent optical properties, wide source of raw materials, low toxicity, and good biocompatibility. In recent years, there are many reports on the luminescent phenomenon of CDs, and great progress has been achieved. However,there are rarely systematic summaries on CDs with persistent luminescence. Here, a summary of the recent progress on persistent luminescent CDs, including luminous mechanism, synthetic strategies, property regulation, and potential applications, is given. First, a brief introduction is given to the development of CDs luminescent materials. Then, the luminous mechanism of afterglow CDs from room temperature phosphorescence (RTP), delayed fluorescence (DF), and long persistent luminescence (LPL) is discussed. Next, the constructed methods of luminescent CDs materials are summarized from two aspects, including matrix-free self-protected and matrix-protected CDs. Moreover, the regulation of afterglow properties from color, lifetime, and efficiency is presented. Afterwards, the potential applications of CDs, such as anti-counterfeiting, information encryption, sensing, bio-imaging, multicolor display, LED devices, etc., are reviewed. Finally, an outlook on the development of CDs materials and applications is proposed.     

Realization of solid-state red fluorescence and concentration-induced multicolor emission from N,B co-doped carbon dots

As a new type of luminescent material, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted increased attention for their superior optical properties in recent years. However, solid-state fluorescent CDs, especially with red emission, are still a major challenge. Here, CDs with solid-state red emission were synthesized by co-doping of N and B using the one-step microwave method. The CD powder exhibits excitation-independent solid-state red fluorescence without any dispersion matrices, with optimum solid-state fluorescence wavelength of 623 nm. The hydrogen bonding interaction in CDs is helpful for solid-state fluorescence of CDs. The I_G/I_D value of CDs reaches up to 3.49, suggesting their very high graphitization degree, which is responsible for their red emission. In addition, CDs show the concentration-induced multicolor emission, which is attributed to the decreased energy gap in the high concentrated CD solution. To exploit their concentration-dependent emission, CDs with changing ratio in matrices are applied as a color-converting layer on ultraviolet chip to fabricate multicolor light-emitting diodes with light coordinates of (0.33, 0.38), (0.41, 0.48), (0.49, 0.44), and (0.67, 0.33), which belong to green, yellow, orange, and red light, respectively.     

White Light Afterglow in Carbon Dots Achieved via Synergy between the Room-Temperature Phosphorescence and the Delayed Fluorescence

Carbon dot (CD) based long-lived afterglow emission materials have attracted attention in recent years, but demonstration of white-light room-temperature afterglow remains challenging, due to the difficulty of simultaneous generation of multiple long-lived excited states with distinct chromatic emission. In this work, a white-light room-temperature long-lived afterglow emission from a CD powder with a high efficiency of 5.8% and Commission International de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.396, 0.409) is realized. The afterglow of the CDs originates from a synergy between the phosphorescence of the carbon core and the delayed fluorescence associated with the surface C?N moieties, which is accomplished by matching the singlet state of the surface groups of the CDs with the long-lived triplet state of the carbon core, resulting in an efficient energy transfer. It is demonstrated how the long-lived afterglow emission of CDs can be utilized for fabrication of white light emitting devices and in anticounterfeiting applications.     

多色长余辉材料的发光性质及动态防伪应用

发光防伪具有可视性强、设计简便的特点, 是众多防伪技术中常用的方法。传统防伪材料存在发光颜色单一、防伪图案和颜色静态的缺点, 易于模仿, 亟需开发可实现动态、可靠防伪性能的发光材料。本工作采用水热法制备了铬掺杂镓锗酸锌多色长余辉材料, 并对其余辉性能和动态防伪应用进行研究。实验结果表明: 通过改变镓锗比, 可以调节蓝绿光和红光区的发射强度, 实现发光颜色的可调。该系列样品在波长为254和365 nm的紫外光激发下分别呈现白色和红色, 发光颜色具有多模态发光特征。此外该系列样品具有多色的余辉发光, 不同颜色的衰减速率不同, 可以实现余辉颜色随时间发生动态变化的效果。据此设计成的防伪图案, 发光颜色在时间维度上具有动态变化特性, 可显著提高防伪安全性, 表明所制备的铬掺杂镓锗酸锌多色长余辉材料在动态防伪领域有重要的应用前景。     

Solid‐State Carbon Dots with Red Fluorescence and Efficient Construction of Dual‐Fluorescence Morphologies

Stable solid‐state red fluorescence from organosilane‐functionalized carbon dots (CDs) with sizes around 3 nm is reported for the first time. Meanwhile, a novel method is also first reported for the efficient construction of dual‐fluorescence morphologies. The quantum yield of these solid‐state CDs and their aqueous solution is 9.60 and 50.7%, respectively. The fluorescence lifetime is 4.82 ns for solid‐state CDs, and 15.57 ns for their aqueous solution. These CDs are detailedly studied how they can exhibit obvious photoluminescence overcoming the self‐quenching in solid state. Luminescent materials are constructed with dual fluorescence based on as‐prepared single emissive CDs (red emission) and nonfluorescence media (starch, Al₂O₃, and RnOCH₃COONa), with the characteristic peaks located at nearly 440 and 600 nm. Tunable photoluminescence can be successfully achieved by tuning the mass ratio of CDs to solid matrix (such as starch). These constructed dual‐fluorescence CDs/starch composites can also be applied in white light‐emitting diodes with UV chips (395 nm), and oxygen sensing.     

Long-Lived Dynamic Room Temperature Phosphorescence from Carbon Dots Based Materials

As a type of room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) material, carbon dots (CDs) always show short lifetime and low phosphorescence efficiency. To counter these disadvantages, several strategies, such as embedding in rigid matrix, introducing of heteroatom, crosslink-enhanced emission, etc., are well developed. Consequently, lots of CDs-based RTP materials are obtained. Doping of CDs into various matrix is the dominant method for preparation of long-lived CDs-based RTP materials so far. The desired CDs@matrix composites always display outstanding RTP performances. Meanwhile, matrix-free CDs and carbonized polymer dots-based RTP materials are also widely developed. Amounts of CDs possessing ultra-long lived, multiple colored, and dynamic RTP emission are successfully obtained. Herein, the recent progress achieved in CDs-based RTP materials as well as the corresponding efficient strategies and emission mechanisms are summarized and reviewed in detail. Due to CDs-based RTP materials possess excellent chemical stability, photostability and low biological toxicity, they exhibit great application potential in the fields of anti-counterfeiting, data encryption, and biological monitoring. The application of the CDs-based RTP materials is also introduced in this review. As a promising functional material, development of long wavelength RTP emitting CDs with long lifetime is still challengeable, especially for the red and near-infrared emitting RTP materials.     

A Building Brick Principle to Create Transparent Composite Films with Multicolor Emission and Self‐Healing Function

A cellulose paper is used impregnated with light‐emitting CdTe nanocrystals and carbon dots, and filled with a polyurethane to fabricate uniform transparent composite films with bright photoluminescence of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) (RGB) colors. A building brick‐like assembly method is introduced to realize RGB multicolor emission patterns from this composite material. By sectioning out individual pixels from monochrome‐emissive composite sheets, the advantage of the self‐healing properties of polyurethane is taken to arrange and weld them into a RGB patterned fabric by brief exposure to ethanol. This provides an approach to form single layer RGB light‐emitting pixels, such as potentially required in the display applications, without the use of any lithographic or etching processing. The method can utilize a wide range of different solution‐based kinds of light‐emitting materials.     

烷氧基取代聚对苯乙炔单层电致发光器件

以对甲氧基苯酚为起始原料,用脱氯化氢法得到可溶性的聚（２－甲氧基－５－壬氧基）对苯乙炔（ＰＭＯＮＯＰＶ）,以ＰＭＯＮＯＰＶ为发光层装配了相对稳定的单层电致发光器件,其起亮电压为５伏。研究了ＰＭＯＮＯＰＶ的电致发光（ＥＬ）和光致发光（ＰＬ）性质。     

Recent Advances in Energy Conversion Applications of Carbon Dots: From Optoelectronic Devices to Electrocatalysis

Exploitation and utilization of sustainable energy sources has increasingly become the common theme of global social development, which has promoted tremendous development of energy conversion devices/technologies. Owing to excellent and unique optical/electrical properties, carbon dots (CDs) have attracted extensive research interest for numerous energy conversion applications. Strong absorption, downconversion photoluminescence, electron acceptor/donor characteristics, and excellent electron conductivity endow CDs with enormous potential for applications in optoelectronic devices. Furthermore, excellent electron transfers/transport capacities and easily manipulable structural defects of CDs offer distinct advantages for electrocatalytic applications. Recent advances in CD‐based energy conversion applications, including optoelectronic devices such as light‐emitting diodes and solar cells, and electrocatalytic reactions including the hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, and carbon dioxide reduction reaction, are summarized. Finally, current challenges and future prospects for CD‐based energy conversion applications are proposed, highlighting the importance of controllable structural design and modifications.