Über den Einfluß der Schichtdicke und der Oberflächenrauhigkeit auf die Glanzzahl von Wachsfilmen

Influence of the Thickness of Film and the Roughness of Surface on the Degree of Gloss of Wax Films With the help of a developed isotopic method film thicknesses of wax layers on different floorings were measured. The surface roughness was found out by a special apparatus. It could be shown that the degree of gloss of a wax film with respect to the substrate is also a function of film thickness and surface roughness of the substrate and each of the applied films.     

Untersuchungen über den Einfluß von Sorte und Standort auf den Tocopherolgehalt verschiedener Pflanzenöle

Investigations on the Influence of Genotype and Location on the Tocopherol Content of the Oil from Different Oil-Crops Eight plant species have been cultivated on climatically differentiated locations as well as in phytotron trials, in order to determine the influence og genotype and environmental conditions on the tocopherol content of the oil. The tocopherol content has been related with the oil content of the seeds ami the part of the main polyenic fatty acid of the plant. Considering the genetic range of variation and the inheritance an increase of tocopherol content through breeding efforts seems likely. Especially oil plants which seeds can directly be consumed or which oil needs not to be refined, seem to be promissing. Concerning the environmental influence, biosynthesis of tocopherol was promoted by increased temperature. The negative correlation to the oil content of the seed could be due to the fact that oil plants of our climatic conditiones yield higher oil contents with low temperature.     

Untersuchungen über den Einfluß von Wasserstoffperoxid auf die freien Zucker des Sojaphosphatids bei der Bleichung

Investigations on the Influence of Hydrogen Peroxide on the Free Sugars of Soya-Phosphatides during Bleaching The behaviour of free sugars contained in soya-phosphatides towards hydrogen peroxide was examined. Whereas under usual bleaching conditions (1.5% perhydrol, 80°C) oxidation to aldonic and alduronic acids, hydrolysis, reversion as well as isomerization reactions take place with pure sugar solutions, in the case of free sugars of soya-phosphatides, only hydrolysis was detected.     

Eine gas-chromatographische Untersuchung über den Einfluß der Rösttemperatur auf die Zusammensetzung der Röstgase von Erdnüssen

A Gas Chromatographic Investigation of the Influence of Roasting Temperature on the Composition of Gases Evolved during Roasting of Groundnuts Preliminary experiments on the changes in aroma components in the gases evolved during roasting of groundnuts at different temperatures are reported. The amount of compounds present in the gases evolved during roasting varies with the temperature. The iso-butyric aldehyde content of the gases characterized the degree of roasting of the groundnuts. A gas-injecting device meant for dosing comparable amounts of substance is described.     

Über den Einfluß von Sonnenblumen-Krankheiten auf das Samenöl und auf die Veränderungen der freien Fettsäuren

Influence of Sunflower Diseases on the Seed Oil and on Changes in Free Fatty Acids The relationships between the widespread sunflower diseases like peronospora, botrytis disease, etc. on reduction of yield as well as on the deterioration of the quality of oil were investigated. It can be seen from the results obtained that the damage caused by such diseases can be minimized by suitable measures like dressing of the seeds, appropriate nutrition, proper sequence of planting etc. However, the breeding of resistant varieties remains an important task. Promising results were obtained in this respect by the author on the basis of an artificial infection procedure carried out in pathological breeding grounds.     

Über den Einfluß der Grenzflächenspannung auf die Haftfestigkeit

The values of adhesion between four diffrent adhesive,and (i) steel substrates whose surface energy had been altered by adsorption, and (ii) several polymer having different surface energies, had been measured. The results show that the adhesion has a maximum value when the surface energy of the hardened adhesive is equals to that of the substrate, i.e. when the interfacial energy adhesive/substrate is a minimum. The adhesion of the adhesives to the polymer was much smaller than to the steel sprcimens and the dependence of the adhesion onm the interfacial energy was sharper in the case of the polymers. The decrease of the adhesion with increasing interfacial energy was fiund to be greater if the liquid adhesive wets the substrate badly than the steel speciman.     

Über die Möglichkeiten der Raffination von Sonnenblumenöl mittels Molekulardestillation

The Possibilities of Refining Sunflower Oil with Molecular Distillation The experiment on the deacidification of sunflower oil with molecular distillation was extended to the total refining of the oil. The elimination curve of cold pressed oil is determined, the region of deacidification found out, the distillates and the residues, obtained after distillation, analysed and also the vitamine-E contents of the same are examined. The possibility of refining the cold pressed oil by repeated distillations in a small laboratory apparatus as well as in a semi-industrial plant was studied. The sunflower oil can be refined by molecular distillation in a one step process even at 40° to 50° C. At this temperature, the acid value of the oil remains under 1 and the peroxide value under 10.     

Einfluß der Zweiphasenströmungsbereiche auf die Trenneigenschaften von Siebböden

Influence of binary phase flow regimes on the action of sieve plates . Recognition of various flow regimes on sieve plates has greatly enhanced our understanding of the mode of action of these plates. When vapour flow dominates the liquid is dispersed into drops; this is the so-called ?droplet regime”?. In a second principal regime, liquid flow predominates and the vapour is dispersed into small bubbles; this is the ?emulsion regime”?. A transition region exists between these two principal regimes; it is called the ?mixed regime”?. The present paper attempts to demonstrate the relations between the flow regimes and the characteristics of sieve plates. It considers the structure of the binary phase layer, flow over the weir, axial mixing, entrainment of liquid, maximum loading (flooding), and efficiency.     

Zusammenhänge zwischen Glasübergang,thermodynamischen und mechanischen Größen als Möglichkeit zur Voraussage über Materialeigenschaften aus der chemischen Struktur

In a recent paper the calculation of the glass transition temperature T_g of linear and crosslinked polymers from the cohesive energy E_coh normalized to the number of structural elements \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\sum\limits_{\rm i} {{\rm a}_{\rm i} } $\end{document} capable of rather independent motions was described. In addition to this work, linear relations were found between T_g and the normalized molar heat C_p as well as the normalized molecular weight MW_Seg of the repeating unit. Hence linear correlations follow between C_p, E_coh, and MW_Seg without further normalization. So the cohesive energy, which is difficult to measure, may be determined from experimental values of the molar heat or even Tg. By applying the above mentioned relations a connection of thermodynamicquantities with mechanical properties was found, e. g. the ratio of specific cohesiveenergy vs. density with the torsional modulus or the yield strength of crosslinkedepoxide resins at 298 K.     

Über den Einfluß synthetischer Tenside auf die Zusammensetzung der Hautoberflächenlipide

Influence of Synthetic Surfactants on the Composition of Skin Surface Lipids Twenty male persons were subjected to bath in a surfactant solution for 15 minutes each on 5 consecutive days. Before beginning and 3 days after the end of the experiment percent free fatty acids and triglycerides of the skin surface lipids were determined by thin-layer chromatography. It could be shown that the aforesaid treatment led to significant reduction of free fatty acids and increase of triglycerides. The significance of these findings on the therapy of Acne vulgaris and Seborrhoea oleosa capitis is discussed.