Al2O3/Mo复合材料的磨料磨损性能

对Al2O3/Mo复合材料的微观形貌进行了分析,同时测试了Al2O3/Mo复合材料的磨损行为。结果表明,随Al2O3体积分数的增加,基体的密度先增大后减小,显微硬度逐渐增加,磨损过程中产生的切削、犁沟在数量、深度上都有一定程度的减少。当Al2O3的体积分数为3%时,随着磨粒粒度的减小,复合材料的比磨损率逐渐增加,Al2...     

多孔Al_2O_3陶瓷/Al_2O_3超微粉/环氧树脂新型复合材料的性能研究

以孔隙规则排列的Al2O3多孔陶瓷为骨架,制备了多孔Al2O3陶瓷/Al2O3超微粉/环氧树脂新型复合材料。研究了三维连通陶瓷骨架对复合材料力学性能和高温尺寸稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,新型复合材料具有更优越的室温和高温力学性能。当陶瓷骨架含量为16.8%时,其室温的抗弯强度、抗弯模量、抗压强度和抗压模量分别为115.5MPa、3.6GPa、170.2MPa、2.4GPa。在120℃压缩时,其抗压强度、抗压模量分别为47.8MPa、0.9GPa。新型复合材料具有良好的高温尺寸稳定性,在180℃尚未发现变形。     

Study on the morphology and tribological properties of acrylic based polyurethane/fumed silica composite coatings

Two fumed silica (one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic) were used in the high solid acrylic based polyurethane coatings by directly mixing. The dispersion of fumed silica particles in the bulk of polyurethane coats was characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and surface morphology examined using a scanning probe microscope (SPM). Micro indentation and scratching tests were carried out with a nano-indenter. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic fumed silica nearly have the same dispersion in acrylic based polyurethane coats. The surface roughness of polyurethane coats increases as fumed silica increases, however, the surfaces of polyurethane coatings containing hydrophobic fumed silica are rougher than that containing hydrophilic fumed silica at the same content. Addition of fumed silica can obviously enhance the micro indentation hardness (MIH) and elastic modulus of polyurethane coats and the higher the content of fumed silica is, the higher the MIH is for hydrophilic one but for hydrophobic one only under normal load less than 20 mN. In the micro scratch experiment, the elastic response and plastic deformation nearly keep constant with normal force increasing for pure acrylic based polyurethane coats. But the percentage of elastic response decreases and the percentage of plastic deformation increases as normal force increases for the polyurethane coats with fumed silica. Crack occurs when scratching under normal force higher than 50 mN for the polyurethane coats with fumed silica, and as the content of fumed silica increases, the critical force for crack increases. Additionally, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic fumed silica have no obvious influence on the response to marring stress and micro mar resistance (MMR) of acrylic based polyurethane.     

添加剂对电沉积Al2O3/Ni-Co复合材料力学性能的影响

通过脉冲电沉积技术制备出含1,4-丁炔二醇或糖精为添加剂的Al2O3/Ni-Co复合材料,采用TEM、EDS等方法分析了含2种添加剂的Al2O3/Ni-Co复合材料的微观组织结构,比较了添加剂对材料光洁度、显微硬度、室温塑性以及高温塑性的影响,并通过SEM对变形后材料的显微结构进行了表征.以糖精为添加剂所制备的AlO3...     

Al/Al2O3复合材料伪半固态触变模锻成形

在粉末成形的基础上,结合金属半固态加工技术提出了金属/陶瓷复合材料伪半固态触变模锻成形工艺,并成功制备出 Al/Al₂O₃复合材料杯形件。微观组织观察及力学性能分析表明制件微观组织致密、力学性能优异。当铝体积分数增加到37%时,不同成形压力下复合材料制件抗弯强度可达430~690 MPa,断裂韧性达8.5~16.8 MPa·m1/2,与原位反应及高温氧化工艺相比抗弯强度及断裂韧性大幅度提高。同时分析了成形温度、成形压力等工艺参数对制件性能的影响。研究结果证明采用该工艺成形金属/陶瓷复合材料是可行的。     

Tape Casting of Al_2O_3-TiB_2/Al_2O_3-Nano-TiC Multilayer Composites

Ceramic tapes, containing Al2O3-25 wt pct TiB2(B) and Al2O3-25 wt pct nano-TiC (c), have been obtained by tape casting process. Numerous tapes (about 60～80 tapes) were prepared by stacking in turn the composition (B) and (C), laminating under 10 MPa pressure, eliminating the solvent and burning out the polymer additives. The final green bodies were hot pressed at 1750℃ and 30 MPa. The composite has a bending strength of 568 MPa and a fracture toughness of 5.8 M Pa·m1/2. SEM analysis exhibits that Al2O3 particle growth was inhibited by TiC particles in C. but TiB2 particles could not hinder Al2O3 growth in B. The curves of GTA indicates that all organic additives could be removed completely above 600℃     

Graphene oxide effects on the properties of Al_2O_3-Cu/35W5Cr composite

Graphene oxide(GO) nanosheets were dispersed into premixed powders(Cu-0.4 wt% Al/35W5Cr) by wet grinding and vacuum freeze-drying process. The 0.3 wt% GO/Al_2O_3-Cu/35W5Cr and 0.5 wt%GO/Al_2O_3-Cu/35W5Cr composites, used for electrical contacts, were fabricated by vacuum hot-pressing sintering.The microstructure was analyzed by field emission scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, the Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to investigate the structural changes of GO before and after sintering. The arc erosion behavior was investigated by the JF04 C electrical contact testing apparatus. Consequently, the Al_2O_3 nanoparticles were evenly dispersed in the matrix, causing dislocation tangles. GO was converted to reduced graphene oxide after sintering. A group of carbon atoms combined with Cr forming Cr_3C_2 in situ during sintering, which enhanced the interface bonding. Compared with the Al_2O_3-Cu/35W5Cr composite, the tensile strength of the two contact materials containing 0.3 wt% GO and 0.5 wt% GO was increased by 45% and 34%, respectively. Finally, pips and craters were present on the anode and cathode surfaces, respectively.Tungsten has undergone re-sintering during arcing and formed needle-like structures. Compared with Al_2O_3-Cu/35W5Cr, the GO/Al_2O_3-Cu35W5Cr composites have better welding resistance. The final mass transfer direction of the two composites was from the cathode to anode.     

Al2O3含量对Al2O3/LiTaO3复合陶瓷介电性能的影响

采用热压烧结法制备了Al₂O₃/LiTaO₃ (ALT) 陶瓷复合材料, 研究了Al₂O₃不同体积含量(5vol%、10vol%、15vol%和20vol%)对LiTaO3压电陶瓷介电性能的影响. 结果表明：随着频率的增加, 不同Al₂O₃含量的ALT陶瓷复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗均降低, 但降低的幅度不同. 少量Al₂O₃(5vol%)的添加既能增大材料的介电常数同时又降低了材料的介电损耗, 但是随着Al₂O₃含量的继续增加, ALT陶瓷复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗都增大, 其居里温度先升高后降低. Al₂O₃作为第二相不但能促进LiTaO3陶瓷烧结致密,而且对ALT陶瓷复合材料的介电性能也有提高.     

片状Al2O3对Al2O3/FEP复合材料热导率的影响

通过混炼工艺制备了片状Al₂O₃填充聚全氟乙丙烯(FEP)复合材料,以颗粒状Al₂O₃为对比样品,研究了片状Al₂O₃形状和尺寸对 FEP基复合材料热导率的影响,利用SEM观察了FEP基复合材料的微观形貌。结果表明：在低填充量下,Al₂O₃颗粒在FEP基体中呈“海岛”状分布,没有形成连续的导热网链,但其热导率明显提高;复合材料拉伸强度与断裂伸长率随Al₂O₃含量的增加而减小;低填充量时复合材料热导率的提高主要来自Al₂O₃的微细片状结构,这种微细片状结构一方面提高了有效导热路径,另一方面增加了颗粒与基体之间接触面积,因此有利于热导率的提高。     

煅烧工艺对SnO_2/Al_2O_3纳米纤维结构的影响

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)/氯化铝(AlCl_3)/结晶四氯化锡(SnCl4_·5H_2O)为原料,采用静电纺丝技术成功制备了有机无机复合纳米纤维膜,经过煅烧得到直径为150～800nm的SnO_2/Al_2O_3纳米纤维。XRD分析结果表明:随着煅烧温度的升高,SnO_2、Al_2O_3的晶粒尺寸增加;随着升温速率降低,其结晶越完整,晶粒排列更紧密;保温时间对结晶的影响不大。实验证实杂化纤维膜经900℃煅烧后,氯化锡完全转变成了四方红金石型结构的SnO_2,而氯化铝转变成比表面积最大、活性最高的γ-Al_2O_3。     

冷喷涂CuO/ZnO/Al_2O_3催化涂层微结构

采用冷喷涂方法在铝基板上制备了CuO/ZnO/Al2O3催化涂层,并利用扫描电镜、能谱分析仪对涂层进行了表征。结果表明,冷喷涂前后催化剂颗粒和涂层的组成基本相同;涂层与基板和涂层之间以机械咬合结合为主;加热气体温度较低时,涂层呈现疏松扁平层叠和多孔结构;涂层形貌受加热气体温度与颗粒破碎的影响。在该涂层上进行甲醇水蒸气重整制氢试验,结果表明冷喷涂技术可以成功应用于制备催化功能涂层材料。     

Nanostructural, electrical, and tribological properties of composite Au-MoS2 coatings

Considerable research has been done on the tribological properties of cosputtered metal/MoS₂ solid lubricant films with low metal content (< 20 at.%) because of their usefulness in applications at high Hertzian contact stress (around 1 GPa). However, cosputtered Au-MoS₂ coatings with a much higher range of metal contents up to (95 at.%) have shown surprisingly good performance at low contact stresses (as low as 0.1 MPa). In the present study, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electrical resistance measurements of cosputtered Au-MoS₂ coatings reveal them to be composites of nanocrystalline Au particles within an amorphous MoS₂ matrix. Electrical conductivity images of the coatings displayed metallic (Au) and semi-conducting (MoS₂) domains of nanometer dimensions. Auger Nanoprobe analyses confirmed that sliding on the coatings causes the formation of a pure MoS₂ layer about a nanometer thick on top of the bulk of the coatings. Lattice resolution atomic force microscopy revealed that this nanometer-thick MoS₂ layer is crystalline, and oriented with the basal plane (0001) parallel to the coating surface. Electrical resistance obtained during sliding and pull-off force measurements was consistent with the structure of the coatings. Sliding friction data on the coatings support previous results showing that performance at different Hertzian contact stresses correlated strongly with Au content.     

TiAlSiN-Ti(Mo)N/MoS2复合涂层微观结构及摩擦学性能的研究

采用磁控溅射技术在AISI-304不锈钢上制备了TiAlSiN-Ti(Mo)N/MoS2复合涂层。采用电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、显微硬度计、球盘摩擦磨损试验机、表面形貌仪等对涂层的表面形貌、显微组织、硬度和摩擦学性能进行了系统的研究。结果表明TiAlSiN-Ti(Mo)N/MoS2复合涂层的硬度为27.56 GPa,相比于TiAlSiN涂层的硬度(29.1 GPa)有所下降,但是涂层的耐磨性能得到明显提高。在室温至600℃条件下TiAlSiN-Ti(Mo)N/MoS2复合涂层的主要磨损机理为黏着磨损,200和400℃时的磨损率分别为0.0339×10^-3和0.1122×10^-3mm^3/(Nm),相较于TiAlSiN涂层分别降低了38%和57%,600℃时的磨损率接近TiAlSiN涂层。总体来说TiAlSiN-Ti(Mo)N/MoS2复合涂层的性能高于单一的TiAlSiN涂层。     

原位合成含有Al2O3晶须Al2O3/Ti-Al复合材料机理的研究

利用氧对金属Ti,Al粉的部分氧化,原位合成含Al2O3晶须的Al2O3/Ti-Al复合材料,利用XRD,EDAX和NO-RAN能谱仪对材料的晶相组成和元素成分进行分析,利用SEM观察材料显微组织和断口形貌。结果表明,反应步骤为:Ti,Al金属粉表面氧化→铝的熔化→TiAl3的生成→Ti2Al,TiAl,Ti3Al等多种化合物生成和Al对TiO2的还原反应;铝含量决定了材料的晶相组成,铝不足时,生成Ti2Al,TiAl,Ti3Al等多种金属间化合物和氧化铝,铝含量足够时,最终的产物为TiAl3,金属铝以及氧化铝等相;氧化铝晶须是通过VLS机理生成的,产物中晶须的数量和发达程度随铝含量的增加而递增,晶须的直径随热处理温度升高而增加。     

LLDPE/Al_2O_3纳米复合材料的形态、结构及力学性能

在超声作用下利用异丙基十二烷基磺酰钛酸酯改性Al2O3纳米粒子,然后把改性纳米Al2O3粒子及LLDPE颗粒引入密炼机中,以熔融共混方法制备LLDPE/纳米Al2O3复合材料.采用FESEM对复合材料中纳米粒子的分散形态进行表征,结果表明,当纳米Al2O3粒子含量为3%时,绝大多数的纳米粒子以<100nm的尺寸均匀分散在基体中;采用FTIR对纳米复合材料的结构进行表征,结果表明,纳米Al2O3与LLDPE之间形成了化学键合结构;力学分析表明,纳米复合材料的拉伸强度及断裂伸长率均有所增加;采用SEM观察拉伸断裂面的形貌,结果表明,适量的纳米Al2O3粒子可以增强、增韧聚合物基体,而基体和纳米粒子的相容性差时,会逐渐引入缺陷.     

TiC／（Al_2O_3／Y－TZP）复相陶瓷的制备与性能

本文采用热压工艺制备ＴｉＣ和Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３共同补强Ｙ－ＴＺＰ基复相陶瓷，研究了复相陶瓷的相组成、力学性能及显微结构．发现复相陶瓷的高温强度得到显著提高，１０００℃时，组成为３０ｖｏｌ％ＴｉＣ－（２５ｖｏｌ％Ａｌ２Ｏ３／１．８Ｙ－ＴＺＰ）复相陶瓷抗弯强度高达６１４ＭＰａ．ＴｉＣ颗粒补强机制在高温下发挥了重要作用．     

机械合金化后注射成形制备Cu/Al2O3复合材料的显微组织与力学性能

采用机械合金化后注射成形制备10%(体积分数,下同)Cu/Al_2O_3复合材料,研究机械合金化时间、烧结温度对复合材料显微组织和性能的影响,并分析复合材料的增韧机理。结果表明:通过机械合金化10h后注射成形、脱脂、1550℃烧结工艺制备的10%Cu/Al_2O_3复合材料具有良好的抗弯强度和断裂韧度,分别为532MPa和4.97MPa·m^1/2;烧结温度低于1550℃导致原子在固态下扩散能力不足,烧结温度高于1550℃则使颗粒边界移动速率大于孔隙逸出速率,二者都造成复合材料孔隙率增加,而导致材料的强度和韧度下降;机械合金化时间延长使复合材料晶粒细化、Cu与Al_2O_3之间的结合强度提高,材料强度和硬度提高,但断裂韧度下降;Cu粉末弥散分布于Al_2O_3基体中,抑制烧结过程中Al_2O_3晶粒粗化,且使裂纹在扩展过程中遇到延性的Cu产生裂纹桥联和偏转,提高材料的韧度。     

Influence of the surface morphology and microstructure on the biological properties of Ti-Si-C-N-O coatings

Detailed structural, microstructural, biofilm formation and cytotoxicity studies were performed on Ti-Si-C-ON hard coatings prepared by DC reactive magnetron sputtering, in order to evaluate the relation among these properties. Compositional analysis showed the existence of two distinct regimens; regime I: high C/Si atomic ratio (C/Si ≥ 1.42) and intermediate N/Ti atomic ratio; regime II: low C/Si atomic ratio (C/Si ≤ 0.49) and low N/Ti atomic ratio. The structural analysis revealed that, in regime I, films crystallized in a B1-NaCl crystal structure typical of TiC_0.2N_0.8. In regime II, the decrease of C/Si and increase in silicon concentration led to the formation of Ti-Si-C-ON along with a reduction of grain size in the films. Atomic force microscopy observations showed that the surface morphology of these Ti-Si-C-ON films became smoother when the silicon content increased and the nitrogen content decreased, which is consistent with the formation of nanosized clusters. Concerning biological properties, it was observed that cytotoxicity could be related with the titanium concentration while biofilm formation ability was found to be related with the surface morphology of the films.     

Ni/SiO2纳米复合涂层的结构与光学性质研究

采用射频磁控溅射方法制备Ni/SiO2纳米复合涂层,获得了镍成分为7.25%(at)(LNi)、13.96%(at)(MNi)、19.20%(at)(HNi)3种复合涂层,研究了该复合涂层的组织结构与光学性质.结果表明LNi纳米复合涂层的晶粒尺寸为10～15nm,随着镍含量提高,涂层的晶粒尺寸增大,纳米Ni颗粒的形状发生变化;LNi复合涂层在300～350nm存在显著的光吸收,随着晶粒尺寸增大,光吸收边发生显著的红移.