Relationship between dealloying conditions and coarsening behaviors of nanoporous copper fabricated by dealloying Cu-Ce metallic glasses

Monolithic nanoporous copper(NPC) with tunable ligament size(107–438 nm) was synthesized by dealloying a new Cu-Ce binary glassy precursor in dilute H_2SO_4 aqueous solution. The effects of the dealloying conditions on the morphologies of NPC were evaluated comprehensively. The results show that the ligaments of NPC can significantly coarsen with the increase of acid concentration, elevation of reaction temperature or prolongation of immersion time. These coarsening behaviors can be well described by a diffusion based growth kinetic model. Moreover, the surface diffusivity and activation energy for diffusion of Cu atoms were also estimated to investigate the formation mechanism of NPC, which is mainly governed by dissolution of Ce element in the glassy precursor coupled with nucleation and growth of Cu clusters via the precursor/solution interface. In the experiment of the degradation of methyl orange(MO) dye, the NPC fabricated by Cu-Ce metallic glasses exhibits superior sono-catalytic activity.     

Facile fabrication of ultrathin freestanding nanoporous Cu and Cu-Ag films with high SERS sensitivity by dealloying Mg-Cu(Ag)-Gd metallic glasses

Nanoporous metals prepared by dealloying have attracted increasing attention due to their interesting size-dependent physical,chemical,and biological properties.However,facile fabrication of metallic ultra-thin freestanding nanoporous films(UF-NPFs)by dealloying is still challenging.Herein,we report a novel strategy of facile preparation of flexible Cu,Cu3Ag,and CuAg UF-NPFs by dealloying thick Mg-Cu(Ag)-Gd metallic glass ribbons.During dealloying,the local reaction latent heat-induced glass transition of the precursor ribbons leads to the formation of a solid/liquid interface between the initially dealloyed nanoporous layer and the underlying supercooled liquid layer.Due to the bulging effect of in situ gen-erated H2 on the solid/liquid interface,Cu,Cu3Ag,and CuAg UF-NPFs with thicknesses of～200 nm can self-peel off from the outer surface of the dealloying ribbons.Moreover,it was found that the surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)detection limit of Rhodamine 6G(R6G)on the Cu and CuAg UF-NPF substrates are 10-6 M and 10-11 M,respectively,which are lower than most of the Cu and Cu-Ag sub-strates prepared by other methods.This work presents a reliable simple strategy to synthesize a variety of cost effective and flexible metallic UF-NPFs for functional applications.     

放电等离子烧结制备Si80Ge20B0.6合金及其热电性能

采用高能球磨与放电等离子烧结相结合的方法制备出了单相Si80Ge20B0.6合金块体热电材料.在400～900K 温度范围内对其进行了热电性能测试.粉末冶金法制备的合金内的晶界对载流子形成散射,保温时间较长的试样的电导率明显高于保温时间较短的试样.所有试样的热导率处于2.7～4.5W/(mK)范围.保温9min的试样在...     

退火态激光选区熔化成形AlSi10Mg合金组织与力学性能

AlSi10Mg合金具有高比强度、高耐磨性等优良特点。由于其成分接近共晶点,成形性能良好,被广泛应用于激光选区熔化技术。然而其热处理制度仍然沿用传统铸态合金的热处理规范,影响了其性能的充分发挥。本工作采用激光选区熔化技术制备了AlSi10Mg合金,并研究了沉积态和后续热处理过程中组织演化规律及其对室温力学性能的影响机制。研究发现：沉积态组织由沿沉积方向生长的α-Al柱状枝晶及枝晶间网状Al-Si共晶组成,具有强烈的〈100〉方向织构,沉积层由三部分组成,分别是细晶区、粗晶区及热影响区,抗拉强度389.5 MPa,伸长率4%。退火过程中,共晶Si破碎、球化,基体中过饱和Si不断析出长大。当退火温度从200 ℃提高到500 ℃时,Si颗粒发生Ostwald熟化,平均尺寸增长了23倍。经过300 ℃和500 ℃退火处理后,试样抗拉强度分别为287.0 MPa和268.0 MPa,但伸长率分别提高到10.3%和17.2%。     

Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)/Ni层状复合材料的制备及其拉伸性能

采用脉冲电沉积的方法制备了Fe78Si9B13/Ni层状复合材料(Ni-Fe78Si9B13-Ni三层结构)。用SEM和TEM对层状复合的微观组织进行观察,Ni层的晶粒尺寸平均约为50 nm,非晶层和纳米Ni层具有良好的界面结合。Fe78Si9B13/Ni层状复合材料的室温断裂强度达到2090 MPa,断裂伸长率达到8.5%,其伸长率远大于单相Fe78Si9B13非晶带的伸长率(1.39%);在450℃高温拉伸,复合材料的延伸率达到了115.5%,远大于单相非晶带的高温延伸率(36.3%),实现了通过制备层状复合材料来提高非晶带塑性的目的。     

Ni60Nb(20-x)TaxTi15Zr5系列非晶合金性能研究

采用X射线衍射(XRD)、示差扫描量热分析(DSC)、显微硬度测量、四点探针测量电阻法和动态极化曲线法,研究了Ni60Nb(20-x)TaxTi15Zr5 系列非晶合金的结构、热稳定性、力学性能、导电性和耐腐蚀性能.研究表明随着Ta含量的增加,合金的热稳定性、力学性能、耐腐蚀性能变好,对导电性影响不大.当Ta完全代替Nb时性能最优,具有宽过冷液相区(67K),很高的显微硬度(1100HV)和电阻率(220μΩ·cm),很低的钝化电流密度(0.01A/m2).     

The preparation,formation mechanism and magnetic properties of a Fe-Cr-Mn-N amorphous alloy

In this paper, the amorphous phase formation process, formation mechanism and magnetic properties, during the mechanical alloying (MA), have been investigated in Fe₆₀Cr₁₅Mn₁₀N₁₅ alloy, respectively. The results obviously indicate that amorphous Fe₆₀Cr₁₅Mn₁₀N₁₅ with a wide supercooled liquid region (SCLR, 82?K) can be obtained via 40?h MA process. With the milling time increasing gradually, the microstructures evolve from the initial crystalline powder, to completely amorphous phase, and eventually to amorphous phase with embedded Cr₂N. By calculation, the mixing chemical enthalpy ΔH^chem and amorphous formation enthalpy ΔH^form have been obtained as ?0.24?kJ/mol and ?6.610?kJ/mol, respectively, implying the existence of thermodynamic advantage for the amorphous phase formation. In addition, the effect of 7 at% B and 7 at% Mo addition on the amorphous phase formation have also been studied, however, the diffraction peaks corresponding to Mo (Cr₂N) still appear after 120?h milling. Meanwhile, isothermal annealing experiments were conducted at different temperatures, obtaining the microstructure evolution as: amorphous?→?amorphous alloy?+?Cr₂N?→?α-Fe?+?Cr₂N?→?α-Fe?+?CrN?+?Cr₂N. And the hysteresis loops in amorphous Fe₆₀Cr₁₅Mn₁₀N₁₅ undergoing both the MA process and isothermal annealing procedure provide us with the evidence that this alloy system can exhibit excellent soft magnetic properties.     

退火对玻璃包覆Fe_(69)Co_(10)Si_8B_(13)非晶微丝磁性能及力学性能的影响

研究了退火对玻璃包覆Fe69Co10Si8B13非晶合金微丝磁性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,退火温度为450℃时,矫顽力和剩磁比最小,轴向和径向矫顽力分别为1.8Oe和8.5Oe,比退火前降低了31%和36%,轴向和径向剩磁比分别为0.031和0.012,比退火前降低了74%和63%。当退火温度低于450℃时,芯丝抗拉强度基本保持不变,平均抗拉强度约2500MPa;当退火温度高于450℃时,芯丝抗拉强度迅速降低。未退火及退火温度低于450℃退火时,合金芯丝断口存在少量的脉状花样,且脉状花样及花样交叉的数量越多,所对应的芯丝抗拉强度越高;经500℃以上退火后,放射状撕裂区占芯丝断口大部分面积,芯丝表现出更大的脆性。在450℃20min条件下退火,微丝具有较低的矫顽力和较高的强度,综合性能优良。     

高能球磨Nd_(14)Dy_1Fe_(72)Co_5B_8合金的微观结构和磁性

本文采用 X 射线衍射,透射电镜和振动样品磁强计等技术研究了 Nd_(14)Dy_1Fe_(72)Co_5B_8合金在高能球磨过程中的结构变化以及结构与矫顽力的关系。我们认为高能球磨 Nd_(14)Dy_1Fe_(72)Co_5B_8合金的矫顽力源于晶界对畴壁的钉扎。在球磨初期,矫顽力随球磨时间的增加而增加,这主要归结于晶粒细化引起的晶界密度的增加。当球磨时间超过30小时,矫顽力随球磨时间的增加而减小,这可能是由于在球磨过程中引入很大的微观应力和高密度的缺陷,导致 R_2TM_(14)B(R=Nd、Dy;TM=Fe、Co)磁性相的磁晶各向异性场降低。     

Surface Structure and High-frequency Magnetic Properties of the Amorphous [Co_(0.94-x)Fe_(0.06)(MoMn)_x]_(77)(SiB)_(23) Alloys

The relationship between the high-frequency magnetic properties and surface structure of the amorphous[Co_(0.94-x)Fe_(0.06)(MnMo)_x]_(77)(SiB)_(23) alloys annealed at 400-500℃ then control-cooled was investigated usingXRD,TEM and XPS techniques.The results have shown that the high-frequency losses of the present alloys ob-viously reduced after suitable treatment.A crystalline layer with ultrafine grains of γ-Co formed on the surface ofthe amorphous ribbons.The size of the grains is 10-20 nm.The thickness of the layer is less than 0.1 μm.The sur-face of the crystalline layer is covered with an extremely thin oxide film which is very uniform and dense withthickness of less than 30 nm,the size of grains of the oxide is less than 10 nm.These ultrafine grains and thedense oxide film effectively refine the magnetic domains and increase the resistance of the layers of the magneticcore,consequently the losses at high frequency are fairly reduced.     

退火处理对激光沉积制造TC4钛合金组织及力学性能影响EI北大核心CSCD

以TC4球形粉末为原料,采用激光沉积制造技术制备TC4钛合金厚壁件。通过光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等方法研究了退火处理对激光沉积制造TC4显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:试样经α+β两相区退火处理后,显微组织为网篮组织,经β单相区退火后,组织转变为魏氏组织;退火试样力学性能仍存在各向异性:Z向试样强度较低,塑性较好,而XY向试样强度高,塑性较差,退火温度对试样的各向异性具有明显影响;XY向试样拉伸性能存在较明显的分散性;α+β两相区退火处理后两个方向上均为韧性断裂,β单相区退火处理后试样强度与塑性大幅下降,且XY向试样为脆性断裂。     

Ti10V83-xFe6ZrMnx(x=0～6)合金的微观结构和储氢性能

采用磁悬浮感应熔炼方法制备了Ti_(10)V_(83-x)Fe_6ZrMn_x(x=0、2、4、6)储氢合金,系统研究了Mn含量对合金微观结构和储氢特性的影响.XRD及SEM分析表明,无Mn合金(x=0)具有体心立方(bcc)结构的Ti-V基固溶体单相结构,而含Mn合金(x=2～6)均由bcc主相和C14型Laves第二相组成;随着Mn含量的增加,合金bcc主相的晶格常数和晶胞体积逐渐减小.储氢性能测试表明:该系列合金的吸氢动力学性能较好,在室温和4MPa初始氢压条件下,含Mn合金无需氢化孕育期就能快速吸氢;随着Mn含量的增加,合金的P-C-T放氢平台倾斜度逐渐减小,333K放氢平台压力先增后减,并在x=4达到最高;但合金的室温吸氢容量和333K有效放氢容量随Mn含量的增加而逐渐降低.     

粉末冶金(FeNiMnAl_(x))_(50)Cu_(50)中熵合金的微观组织与力学性能EI北大核心CSCD

对物理法制备的再生铜合金粉末进一步合金化,通过机械合金化(MA)结合放电等离子烧结(SPS)的方法制备了(Fe_(40)Ni_(40)Mn_(20))_(50)Cu_(50),(Fe_(38)Ni_(38)Ni_(38)Mn_(19)Al_(5))_(50)Cu_(50),(Fe_(36)Ni_(36)Mn_(18)Al_(10))50 Cu_(50)和(Fe_(32)Ni_(32)Mn_(16)Al_(20))_(50)Cu_(50)四种中熵合金块体,并研究了Al元素的含量对中熵合金微观组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:在高能球磨60 h之后合金粉末完成合金化,四种中熵合金粉末均形成单一FCC相的过饱和固溶体且有微量WC杂质。经SPS烧结后,(Fe_(40)Ni_(40)Mn_(20))_(50)Cu_(50),(Fe_(38)Ni_(38)Mn_(19)Al_(5))_(50)Cu_(50)和(Fe_(36)Ni_(36)Mn_(18)Al_(10))50 Cu_(50)形成了由富Cu的FCC1相和富Fe-Ni的FCC2相组成的双相FCC结构,并具有超细晶+微米晶的多尺度结构;而(Fe_(32)Ni_(32)Mn_(16)Al_(20))_(50)Cu_(50)由富Cu的FCC主相和少量富Fe-Mn的FCC2相及富Ni-Al的BCC相(B2)组成。随着Al含量的提高,四种中熵合金的塑性逐渐降低,而强度和硬度逐渐提高。(Fe_(40)Ni_(40)Mn_(20))_(50)Cu_(50)合金的压缩屈服强度、抗压强度和维氏硬度分别为878 MPa,1257 MPa和248.5HV。与(Fe_(40)Ni_(40)Mn_(20))_(50)Cu_(50)相比,(Fe_(32)Ni_(32)Mn_(16)Al_(20))_(50)Cu_(50)的压缩屈服强度和硬度分别提高了50.1%和50.4%,断裂应变由19.55%下降至8.31%。     

B掺杂Si80Ge20合金的快速制备及热电性能

采用电弧熔炼、快速球磨结合放电等离子烧结快速制备了单相Si80Ge20Bx(x=0.5、1、1.5、2)热电材料,对烧结后试样进行了物相结构分析和热电性能表征.结果表明,B的引入导致样品载流子浓度增加,电导率随着B掺量增加而大幅增加,而Seebeck系数反之下降.B的固溶增加试样中点缺陷浓度而导致声子散射增加,热导率下...     

Fe60Co8Zr10Mo5W2B15块体非晶合金的形成及热处理对性能的影响研究

用铜模吸铸法获得直径为2mm的Fe60Co8Zr10Mo5W2B15和Fe60Co8Zr10Mo5W2B15块体非晶合金。采用X射线衍射（XRD）、示差扫描量热分析（DSC）、显微硬度及压缩实验等研究了非晶合金的结构、热稳定性及热处理前后的显微硬度与压缩性能。结果表明Nb的引入不利于非晶合金的形成；Fe60Co8Zr10Mo5W2B15非晶合金的显微硬度为1343HV0．2，抗压强度σbe为972．6MPa；在低于晶化起始温度的热处理，硬度稍有下降；但在高于晶化峰值温度的热处理，硬度值随时间变化先升高，后下降；在热处理时间相同的条件下，随着热处理温度的升高，合金的硬度升高，但压缩强度会明显下降。     

Ta添加对(Fe_(0.46)Co_(0.36)Ni_(0.04)Zr_(0.14))_(100-x)Ta_x非晶合金复合材料磁性能和力学性能的影响

利用铜模吸铸法制备出直径为3 mm的(Fe0.46Co0.36Ni0.04Zr0.14)100-xTax(x=0,4,8,12)非晶合金复合材料柱状试样,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、选区电子衍射(SAED)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、微机控制电子式万能力学试验机和扫描电镜(SEM)研究了不同Ta含量对合金的磁性能和压缩力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着Ta含量的增加,合金中不断有晶体相Co2Zr、Co2Ta0.5Zr0.5析出,合金的矫顽力Hc呈现出减小的趋势,而合金的饱和磁化强度Ms、抗压强度σbc和弹性应变εe则呈现出先增加后减小的趋势。当x=4时,合金的Ms、σbc和εe均达到最大值,分别为137.70A·m2/kg、1 814 MPa和4.583%。说明选取合适的Ta含量能够明显改善(Fe0.46Co0.36Ni0.04Zr0.14)100-xTax非晶合金复合材料的磁性能和力学性能。     

Surface Characterization of Ni_(64)P_(20)Fe_(16)Amorphous Alloy by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Auger Electron Spectroscopy

The nature of the native oxides formed on thesurface layer of amorphous alloy Ni_(64)P_(20)Fe_(16)hasbeen studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)and Auger electron spectroscopy(AES)withdepth profiling by ion bombardment.There aregreat distinctions in compositions and chemicalstates between the surface layer and the bulk.Themain constituents Ni,P and Fe are lower in the sur-face layer,and they are mostly in oxidized states,whereas C,O and N are enriched in the surface lay-er.The thickness of surface oxide layer isapproximately 20 nm,this layer was assumed to beof great significance to various properties of amor-phous alloy Ni_(64)P_(20)Fe_(16),expecially to the chemicaland catalytic properties.Experiments proved thattransitional element Fe cannot improve oxidationresistance of the amorphous Ni-P system.     

Structure, morphology and magnetic properties of Fe-B-Si-Nb glassy alloy thin film prepared by a pulsed laser deposition method

With the aim of applying to a soft magnetic underlayer of the double-layered perpendicular magnetic recording media, an Fe_74.9B_17.5Si_2.5Nb_5.1 alloy thin film was fabricated on Si substrate by a pulsed laser deposition method. The Fe-based alloy thin film of 200 nm in thickness was confirmed as a glassy structure. The thermal properties of the thin film have similar features to those for the melt-spun glassy alloy ribbon. The glassy alloy thin film exhibits good soft magnetic properties, i.e., high B_s of 1.2 T and in-plane low H_c of 134 A/m. The Fe-B-Si-Nb glassy alloy thin film is expected to be suitable for the soft magnetic underlayer material in the double-layered perpendicular magnetic recording media.     

原位合成TiC/Al(7075)复合材料的组织及力学性能

采用原位合成法制备TiC/Al(7075)复合材料,研究原位TiC颗粒的存在形式、分布状态及不同原位TiC颗粒含量对TiC/Al(7075)复合材料的微观组织及力学性能的影响。结果显示,TiC颗粒多以近球形团聚态存在于7075铝基体中,颗粒团大小约为1μm。当原位TiC颗粒质量分数小于6%时,原位TiC颗粒分布较为均匀,随着颗粒含量的增加,TiC/Al(7075)复合材料的铸态组织由蔷薇状组织逐渐转变为等轴晶组织,晶粒尺寸也随着原位TiC颗粒含量的增加而减小。当原位TiC颗粒的质量分数大于6%时,组织中出现气孔。复合材料的硬度和抗冲击韧性测试表明,TiC/Al(7075)复合材料的硬度随TiC颗粒含量的增加而增加,最高硬度达HB 108,冲击韧性在颗粒质量分数为6%时达到最佳,较基体提升31.55%。     

Effect of aluminum on microstructural and magnetic properties of nanostructured (Fe85Ni15)97Al3 alloy produced via mechanical alloying

In the present study, mechanical alloying process was employed for preparation of the nanocrystalline (Fe₈₅Ni₁₅)₉₇Al₃ alloy through ball mill method. The structure, mechanical properties, and magnetic behavior of the alloy at various milling times of 0, 4, 16, 32 and 64 h were studied by X-ray analysis, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements. The bcc Fe(Ni) phase was successfully formed within 32 h ball-milling. It was found that an increment in the milling time leads to higher lattice parameter while it decreases the grain size from 172 to 16 nm. Also, the VSM test results indicated that by increasing the milling time to 32 h, the saturation magnetization (M_s) and coercivity (H_c) increased.