先进陶瓷涂层结构调控及其在固体氧化物燃料电池中的应用

等离子喷涂技术可以对陶瓷涂层的微观结构进行调控设计,因此在制备固体氧化物燃料电池方面具有独特的优势。基于等离子喷涂方法,可以直接制备或经过后处理获得致密的电解质涂层。采用等离子喷涂技术也可以制备高性能的多孔阳极和阴极,并可对钙钛矿结构阴极材料的成分和晶体结构进行调控。文中介绍了目前国内外采用涂层制备电池的方法,主要探讨了热喷涂方法制备电解质涂层的特点,对存在的问题和可行思路进行了讨论,并探讨了基于提高三相反应界面长度来制备高性能电极的方法。由于固体氧化物燃料全电池各功能层都有可能通过热喷涂方法制备,因此该方法在固体氧化物燃料电池结构设计具有巨大的潜力。     

等离子喷涂技术在固体氧化物燃料电池中的应用

介绍了等离子喷涂制备固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）中的电解质、阴阳极及其功能组件的研究进展,分析了其中的关键技术.研究表明：采用等离子喷涂,通过选择适当的粉末原料,工艺优化和改进送粉方式,可以得到满足SOFC要求的致密电解质,多孔阴极和阳极.三者的厚度均为30～50 μm,SOFC总厚度低于100～120μm,可以将固体氧化物燃料电池的运行温度降低到中温800℃下的范围,降低电池运行温度,从而降低了对相关材料的要求和运行成本.     

固体电解质用于熔盐电解析氧过程的研究

将氧化物固体电解质制成析氧阳极,研究了在以析氧阳极和碳阴极构成的电解槽中氧化铝熔盐电解过程,测得分解电压约为1.67V,并定性地研究了固体电解质在冰晶石熔盐中的腐蚀问题,实验结果表明,电解条件下固体电解质管内外两表面间的电势差使固体电解质在冰晶石熔盐中存在溶解阻碍,有很好的耐腐蚀性能。     

轧膜成型法制备SOFC支撑电极工艺研究

结合生产实际介绍了轧膜成型工艺制备电极支撑固体氧化物燃料电池中支撑电极的工艺过程.用此方法制备了厚度为0.8 min的NiO/YSZ阳极坯片和LSM/YSZ阴极坯片,对所得坯片进行预烧结处理,然后在其上面成型电解质薄层.添加20%(质量分数,下同)起孔剂时电极与YSZ电解质的线性收缩率最接近,共烧结容易得到平整的电极支撑半电池.复合阴极的电导性能随孔隙率的增加而下降.使用该方法制各的电极材料从微观结构、机械性能和电性能上都满足SOFC(Solid Oxide Fuel Cells)对电极材料的要求.     

SOEC阴极材料Sr_2FeMoO_(6-δ)的微观结构和性能

选用双钙钛矿结构Sr_2FeMoO6-δ作为固体氧化物电解池的阴极材料,经过压制成型和烧结制备成阴极。利用阿基米德法测定了阴极的孔隙率,结合扫描电子显微镜研究造孔剂的用量对阴极孔隙结构的影响。利用热分析仪测定了不同孔隙结构的阴极受热后热膨胀情况和热膨胀系数,研究其与电解质的热膨胀系数匹配情况。最后利用电化学工作站测试了阴极材料的电化学性能。实验结果表明,双钙钛矿结构Sr2Fe Mo O6-δ有较好地电化学性能以及与电解质LSGM热膨胀系数匹配,有望成为固体氧化物电解池阴极的理想候选材料。     

Sr，Ti双位掺杂铬酸镧电导性能研究

分别用固相反应法和凝胶注方法制备了固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFCs）阳极用LaxSr1-xCryTi1-yO3（LSCT）系列化合物，用SEM、XRD等手段研究了其显微结构，并测试了该材料的电导率，综合以上三项对LaxSr1-x。CryTi1-yO3系列用作固体氧化物燃料电池阳极材料的性能进行评价，筛选了配方，并对制备工艺进行了讨论。     

Sr,Ti双位掺杂铬酸镧电导性能研究

分别用固相反应法和凝胶注方法制备了固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFCs)阳极用LaxSr1-xCryTi1-yO3(LSCT)系列化合物,用SEM、XRD等手段研究了其显微结构,并测试了该材料的电导率,综合以上三项对LaxSt1-xCryTi1-yO3系列用作固体氧化物燃料电池阳极材料的性能进行评价,筛选了配方,并对制备工艺进行了讨论.     

固体氧化物燃料电池材料的发展前景

简要评述了固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）材料体系,以及研究开发这一材料体系需要注意的一些关键技术问题。我国丰富的稀土资源可用于开发固体氧化物燃料电池材料,同时具有较好的工业基础和研究实力,这类材料在我国将具有广阔的市场。     

固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)用NiMOCr金属连接体氧化行为研究

金属作为固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)连接体材料已成为可能并成为研究热点.本论文对SOFC用NiMoCr合金分别在SOFC阴极和阳极气氛条件下的高温氧化性能作了详细的研究.结果表明:阳极(燃料极)条件下氧化所形成的是MnCr2O4尖晶石;阴极(空气极)条件下氧化所形成的是不含Cr的致密NiMnO4型尖晶石,能有效抑制C...     

锆在现代新能源中的应用

综述了锆在镍氢电池、锂离子电池、热激活电池(热电池)、固体电解质电池以及固体氧化物燃料电池中的应用。     

Observation of Oxide Development from Room Temperature (RT) to 700 °C Demonstrated by In Situ XPS of Crofer 22 APU Alloy

Oxidation of Metals - The planar-type solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) owes its design to the interconnector section which enables units of fuel cells to be stacked together. High operating temperature...     

Fuel cell materials and components

Fuel cells offer the possibility of zero-emissions electricity generation and increased energy security. We review here the current status of solid oxide (SOFC) and polymer electrolyte membrane (PEMFC) fuel cells. Such solid electrolyte systems obviate the need to contain corrosive liquids and are thus preferred by many developers over alkali, phosphoric acid or molten carbonate fuel cells. Dramatic improvements in power densities have been achieved in both SOFC and PEMFC systems through reduction of the electrolyte thickness and architectural control of the composite electrodes. Current efforts are aimed at reducing SOFC costs by lowering operating temperatures to 500–800 °C, and reducing PEMFC system complexity be developing ‘water-free’ membranes which can also be operated at temperatures slightly above 100 °C.     

固体氧化物燃料电池电解质和电极材料的研究进展

固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）具有能量转换率高、比能量高、效率高、低排放、燃料可以连续供给等一系列优点,因而受到人们的普遍关注。本文对SOFC的电解质和电极材料的研究进展做了介绍,并指出了其研究中遇到的问题和今后发展的方向。     

固体氧化物燃料电池/电解池金属连接体涂层研究进展

可逆固体氧化物池(SOC)既可作为燃料电池(SOFC)发电,又可用作电解池(SOEC)制氢或合成气,用于清洁能源转换和存储。涂层制备技术对SOC电堆的发展尤为重要。本研究对SOC在不同操作模式下的工作环境进行了分析,对SOC电堆连接体可用的合金材料、涂层材料和涂层制备技术进行了综述。     

固体氧化物燃料电池铬酸镧连接材料研究现状

掺杂二价减土金属的铬酸镧是目前研究最深入，应用效果最好的固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）的连接材料，它几乎占整个SOFC制造成本的一半，本文就其研究现状进行了综述。     

固体氧化物燃料电池金属连接体保护膜层研究进展

随着固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)的工作温度从1000℃降低到600~800℃,铁素体不锈钢成为SOFC连接体材料的最佳选择,但在高温氧化气氛下,氧化层快速生长以及Cr的毒化问题使得电池堆性能大大降低。目前,主要的解决方式是在基体材料表面涂镀保护膜层和材料改性。前者由于生产简单、成本低成为当前研究热点。本文主要介绍金属连接体保护膜的分类和研究现状,并探讨各膜层材料的优缺点及发展前景。     

Development of a Functional Sealing Layer for SOFC Applications

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are widely considered as an alternative solution to the decrease in fossil energy consumption. However, to achieve high efficiency and long-term stability for a SOFC stack, it is essential to maintain a stable hermetic seal. To obtain efficient air tightness between two SOFC cells, a solid seal composed of a ceramic matrix charged with glass particles has been developed. Atmospheric plasma spraying was selected to produce the solid seal because it can be used on a wide range of substrates of various natures and shapes. The developed seal was found to be solid, undistortable, and adhesive to its support at ambient temperature. The sealing properties were acquired when the SOFC was put into service: the glassy phase migrated into the peculiar plasma-sprayed microstructure of the ceramic matrix toward the interface leading to the air tightness of the deposit. The performance of the seal was: the leak rate observed at 7 kPa was 0.43 Pa L/s and, as a comparison, the requirement of the US Department of Energy is 0.5 Pa L/s.     

Flame-Based Technologies and Reactive Spray Deposition Technology for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells: Technical and Economic Aspects

The economic and technical breakthroughs in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) for commercial success still depend on high-quality manufacture, reliability, efficiency, and must have an acceptable cost when compared to competing technologies. The application of flame-based technologies as a one-step deposition technique for SOFC component manufacture has potential to reduce both cost and production time. In this article, cells produced by flame processes have been reviewed with emphases placed on the Reactive Spray Deposition Technology technique. Various experimental methods and examples for the synthesis of porous electrodes and dense electrolytes are reviewed. The studies focus on determining the range of the flame conditions under which each of the individual cell components for low temperature SOFC applications ~600 °C could be successfully deposited.     

Characterization of CeO_2 microspheres fabricated by an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method

CeO_2 is one of the main catalysts for solid oxide fuel cell(SOFC).It is critical to find a green and costeffective fabrication method for CeO_2 at scale.In this study,the CeO_2 microspheres were prepared by one-step ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of cerium chloride solution at700℃.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) study demonstrate that the prepared CeO_2 microspheres exhibit a particle size of0.01-1.08 μm with a mean particle size of 0.23 μm,and more than 94% of the particles have a diameter less than0.5 μm.But the presence of residual Cl in the fabricated CeO_2 microspheres blocks the active sites and leads to the significant degradation of SOFC performance.The formation mechanism and distribution of residual Cl in the fabricated CeO_2 microspheres were systemic ally studied.The water washing method was shown to effectively reduce the residual Cl in the CeO_2 microspheres.Overall,this work provides a clean manufacturing process for the preparation of SOFC electrode/electrolyte materials.