兰州地区不同外窗对居住建筑能耗的影响

采用DeST-h软件对兰州地区一栋住宅楼进行了全年采暖能耗逐时模拟,研究外窗传热系数,遮阳系数和窗墙比对住宅建筑能耗的影响。通过模拟计算,得出了不同朝向房间的全年累计负荷指标随窗墙比的变化规律,以及不同外窗传热系数的相对节能率。     

苏南地区既有住宅外窗及外遮阳节能改造技术

针对苏南地区既有住宅能耗偏高的问题,以苏南地区常州市某老小区住宅为研究对象,综合评估外窗的热工性能及外遮阳方式对建筑能耗的影响,提出优化的节能改造方案,并对外窗及外遮阳的热工性能进行针对性的研究,为苏南地区大规模既有住宅外窗及外遮阳节能改造奠定基础。     

西安地区建筑节能分析研究

针对西安地区冬寒夏热的气候特点利用建筑能耗分析软件DOE2对同一栋建筑从体型系数、窗墙面积比、窗墙屋面传热系数、外遮阳、自然通风等方面对住宅节能的途径和方法进行分析探讨。最后根据该地区的天然冷热源情况得出了该地区建筑节能的关键技术，为该地区的建筑节能研究和设计提供了科学指导和理论依据。     

福建闽南地区建筑住宅外窗节能设计的探讨

近年来,福建闽南地区住宅建设发展迅速,规模巨大。而居住建筑的能耗由通过建筑物围护结构的传热耗能量和通过外窗缝喙的空气渗透耗能量两部分构成。外窗是“耗能大户”,是节能的重点部位,改善建筑物外窗的隔热性能、降低遮阳系数和加强气密性能是建筑节能的重要内容。本文对于福建闽南地区建筑住宅外窗节能设计进行了探讨。     

成都住宅建筑实现节能65%目标的影响因素研究

以成都地区住宅建筑为研究对象,通过正交试验设计结合建筑空调能耗模拟的分析方法,研究影响建筑空调能耗的主要因素,包括朝向、窗墙比、外窗类型、外墙外保温及外窗外遮阳,最终发现外窗使用镀反射膜双层中空玻璃,外墙使用70mm EPS保温板的节能措施较难实现成都住宅建筑节能65%目标,需辅以其他节能手段。     

大同市建筑节能的技术策略

将针对大同市寒冷地区的气候特点，利用建筑能耗分析软件DOE--2，建立典型建筑模型，分别从建筑体型系数、窗墙面积比、外围护结构传热系数以及大同市可利用天然冷热源和设备性能等方面对住宅节能的途径和方法进行分析探讨，进行在寒冷地区利用建筑节能的可行性研究。     

深圳地区居住建筑外窗性能参数调研及其能耗模拟分析

本文对深圳地区居住建筑的外窗(包括构造形式、外遮阳设施、窗墙比、外窗可开启面积与所在房间地面面积的比值等)进行详细的调研和分析.根据调研的结果,采用WINDOWS5.2对几种常用外窗和节能外窗的性能参数(包括传热系数U-值、太阳辐射得热系数SHGC、可见光透过率VT等)进行模拟分析,并根据上述模拟结果利用DOE-2对实际调研建筑进行能耗分析.最后根据能耗分析结果提出了几点深圳地区居住建筑节能外窗发展的建议.     

简析寒地建筑节能设计

严寒地区城市住宅独有的气候特征决定其住宅设计与其它地区有所不同。文中通过对严寒地区建筑设计中节能技术的使用，总结出城市住宅节能设计的若干考虑因素，并结合严寒地区城市住宅的地域特征提出相对严寒地区城市住宅设计的重点问题。     

东北地区住宅楼建筑节能的设计思路

本文主要阐述了东北住宅节能中存在的问题、住宅建筑节能的空间设计、外围护结构的节能设计等。     

寒冷地区住宅建筑节能设计

介绍我国住宅建筑节能的重要性和现行节能状况,通过对寒冷地区住宅建筑的规划节能设计和围护体系的节能设计的阐述,为其它城市或地区的建筑节能研究提供帮助。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to