[BMIM]Cl-AlCl_3离子液体催化正戊烷异构化反应性能

为研究离子液体的催化异构化性能,通过乙腈吸附红外光谱和紫外可见吸收光谱测定了合成的1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯铝酸([BMIM]Cl-AlCl_3)离子液体的酸性,并考察了离子液体中氯化铝的含量、引发剂种类及用量、反应温度以及剂油比等条件对正戊烷异构化反应的影响。结果表明,离子液体酸性随氯化铝含量升高而增强,当离子液体中氯化铝摩尔分数为0.70、添加的氯代正丁烷的体积为原料正戊烷体积的8%、反应温度为120℃、剂油质量比为1∶1时,正戊烷的转化率达到88.1%,异构烷烃收率达到74.8%。     

Study on Desulfurization with Ionic Liquid [BMIM]PF6

The removal of sulfur compounds(thiophene)from petroleum via extraction with ionic liquids was systematically studied.The ionic liquid[BMIM][PF6]([BMIM]+-1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate cation)was used to investigate its effect on thiophene removal.The test results showed that a higher temperature and a greater mass ratio of the ionic liquids versus the oil containing the sulfur compounds both helped to remove the thiophene from the feed oil.At a temperature of 60℃ and an ionic liquid/feed oil mass ratio of 20%,the desulfurization rate could reach 52.39%,with the extraction time specified at 40 minutes.     

Deep Desulfurization of Model Oil by Extraction with a Low-viscosity Ionic Liquid [BMIM]SCN

In this work, a low-viscosity ionic liquid 1-buthyl-3-methylimidazole thiocyanate ([BMIM]SCN) was utilized as extractant for the extractive desulfurization of thiophene in model oil. Several conditions were investigated respectively, including extraction time, temperature, and volume ratio of ionic liquid to model oil. Also the kinetics of extraction of thiophene were proposed. Under the optimal extractive conditions, the removal of thiophene in model oil was 55.6%. Other sulfur compounds and real oil were also investigated. Furthermore, the total desulfurization efficiency could reach 98.3%. In addition, the ionic liquid could be recycled seven times with negligible decrease in activity.     

Modeling of acid gases solubility in ionic liquid [BMIM][MeSO4] using CPA EoS

This work follows the thermodynamically modeling procedure to correlate the solubility of pure CO₂ and H₂S in [BMIM][MeSO₄]. Moreover, solubility of acid gases mixture was predicted. The bubble point pressure calculation method was applied in which CPA EoS is responsible for fugacity coefficients calculation of the components. The CPA EoS combines SRK and Wertheim's association term to handle non-ideal behavior of the polar and associating components.

The AADs% of H₂S+IL and CO₂+IL binary subsystems were calculated as 18.4 and 17.36 respectively. Moreover, AADs% equal to 27.26 and 6.74 were obtained for predicted partial pressures of CO₂ and H₂S, respectively.     

[BMIM][BF4]离子液体萃取脱除氧化柴油中砜类化合物

用离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐（［BMIM］［BF₄］）萃取脱除氧化柴油中的砜类化合物,考察了萃取时间、萃取温度、离子液体与氧化柴油体积比、萃取级数对［BMIM］［BF₄］离子液体萃取脱除砜类化合物的影响。结果表明,与直接萃取脱除柴油中的含硫化合物相比,［BMIM］［BF₄］对氧化柴油中的砜类含硫化合物表现出更佳的萃取性能。在萃取温度30℃、［BMIM］［BF₄］/氧化柴油体积比为0.5时,经［BMIM］［BF₄］萃取3次,氧化柴油的硫质量分数从125.1 μg/g 降至6.2 μg/g。与传统的萃取剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）相比,［BMIM］［BF₄］的萃取脱硫率略低,但柴油回收率较高,且柴油的性质基本未变。     

[BMIM]HSO4/Al2O3催化甘油脱水反应的研究

采用两步法合成离子液体[BMIM]HSO4,并采用浸渍法制备了[BMIM]HSO4/A12O3催化剂,用IR、1HNMR、TG-DTG等方法对催化剂进行了表征.在常压连续流动的固定床反应器中,考察了甘油制备丙烯醛的工艺条件,结果表明:在催化剂为[BMIM]HSO4/Al2O3,负载量为40％、反应温度为300℃、体积空...     

[BMIM]HSO_4/Al_2O_3的制备及其在甘油脱水反应中的应用研究

采用两步法合成离子液体[BMIM]HSO4,并采用浸渍法制备了[BMIM]HSO4/Al2O3催化剂,用IR、NMR、TG-DTG等方法对催化剂进行表征,并在常压连续流动的固定床反应器中考察其催化甘油脱水制备丙烯醛的性能,重点考察了催化剂离子液体的负载量、反应温度、体积空速对反应的影响及催化剂的稳定性。结果表明,较优条件为:[BMIM]HSO4/Al2O3催化剂w([BMIM]HSO4)为40%、反应温度为300℃、体积空速为6h-1,此时丙烯醛的摩尔选择性可达90.22%,甘油的转化率为100%,且催化剂在反应100h后仍保持75%的收率。     

Prediction of thiophene removal from diesel using [BMIM][AlCl4] in EDS Process: GA-ANFIS and PSO-ANFIS modeling

In this study, the treatment capability of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroaluminate [BMIM] [AlCl4] ionic liquid was investigated in a diesel fuel containing thiophene. The effects of operating parameters including the volumetric ratio of ionic liquid to model fuel, extraction temperature and time have been studied. Then, a neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) tuned by particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm has been developed to predict the sulphur removal from diesel fuel using [BMIM][AlCl4] in EDS process. The outputs were in a good agreement with the experimental data, and the model tuned by PSO predicts the data better than ANFIS and ANFIS tuned by GA.     

交直流电脱盐技术在河南油田炼油厂的应用

河南油田炼油厂50万吨/a常减压装置于1992年建成,电脱业采用国产的交流电脱业设备．随着原油日益变重和含水量的不断增加,生产中脱业装工变压器跳闸频繁,影响装里的平稳操作,且脱业效呆逐渐变差,为此,1996年对炼油厂原电脱盐装置进行了交直流电脱盐技术改造．两年多的生产运行表明,脱盐脱水效果有了明显改善,达到了中石化要求的脱后食盐小于3mg／L、合水小于0．1％和污水含油不大于200mg／L标准,同时耗电量下降81％左右,不但解决了生产中存在的问题,而且创造了显著的经济效益和社会效益。     

Rheology of Middle Distillate. I. Role of Composition

Abstract

The rheological behavior of middle distillate (250–375°C) fraction, obtained from the waxy Bombay-High Off-shore crude oil, and its five narrow sub-fractions of 25°C interval each, i.e., Fr 1 (250–275°C), Fr 2 (275–300°C), Fr 3 (300–325°C), Fr 4 (325–350°C), and Fr 5 (350–375°C), have been studied below their ASTM pour point temperatures. The rheograms (the shear stress vs. rate of shear) of the fraction and sub-fractions, at various temperatures below their pour points, are recorded on a Haake RV-12 Co-axial Rota Viscometer fitted with a NV sensor and a temperature programmer (PG-20) and attached with a programmed heating/cooling system. From these rheograms the flow parameters like plastic viscosity, apparent viscosity, and yield stress are obtained and their variations with temperature and shear rate have been studied in terms of compositions of the fraction/sub-fractions. These results might be useful in devising methodology for overcoming the wax separation phenomenon from middle distillates at low temperatures.     

高压透平转子的节能改造

大庆石化公司化肥厂合成氨装置中合成气压缩机是由背压式高压汽轮机(103JAT)和凝汽式汽轮机(103JBT)串联驱动的。其中高压透平(103JAT)是20世纪70年代从美国DELAVAL公司引进的,采用10.5MPa高压蒸汽驱动,所用高压蒸汽靠工艺废热回收和辅助锅炉提供。近年来,由于生产负荷的不断提高,合成气压缩机驱动透平能力不足的问题成为大负荷生产的瓶颈。中压透平103JBT经常满负荷工作,故障率增加。同时由于103JAT耗汽量大,锅炉给水系统的能力也显得不足。大庆石化公司化肥厂于2002年装置大检修期间对合成气压缩机高压透平(103JAT)的内件进行…     

SMD驱油体系配方改进研究及应用

该文针对胜利油田原有的ＳＭＤ－Ⅰ驱油体系在应用时必须用清水配制且稳定性受地层水矿化度影响较大等问题,分析研究了粘土浓度、温度及电解质等因素对ＳＭＤ驱油体系成胶稳定性、流变性的影响。结果表明：体系要保持一定的稳定性,存在最佳粘土浓度;温度在１５℃以上时,体系基本保持稳定;地层水中的ＮａＣｌ是体系稳定的主要影响因素。在此基础上对ＳＭＤ驱油体系进行了配方改进,提出了可用污水配制并具有很强抗盐能力的ＳＭＤ－Ⅱ体系。物理模拟证明用该体系驱油可提高原油采收率１０％,矿场实际应用也取得了初步效果     

Rheology of Middle Distillate. I. Role of Composition

The rheological behavior of middle distillate (250-375°C) fraction, obtained from the waxy Bombay-High Off-shore crude oil, and its five narrow sub-fractions of 25°C interval each, i.e., Fr 1 (250-275°C), Fr 2 (275-300°C), Fr 3 (300-325°C), Fr 4 (325-350°C), and Fr 5 (350-375°C), have been studied below their ASTM pour point temperatures. The rheograms (the shear stress vs. rate of shear) of the fraction and sub-fractions, at various temperatures below their pour points, are recorded on a Haake RV-12 Co-axial Rota Viscometer fitted with a NV sensor and a temperature programmer (PG-20) and attached with a programmed heating/cooling system. From these rheograms the flow parameters like plastic viscosity, apparent viscosity, and yield stress are obtained and their variations with temperature and shear rate have been studied in terms of compositions of the fraction/sub-fractions. These results might be useful in devising methodology for overcoming the wax separation phenomenon from middle distillates at low temperatures.