基于FLUENT的磨料水射流抛光喷嘴的流场仿真

针对三种典型结构的磨料水射流喷嘴,基于多相流动的VOF模型,利用计算机流体力学的方法对磨料射流系统的高压水射流流场进行两相流的数值模拟,分析对比了三种结构喷嘴流场的速度、压力、紊动强度等参数。结果表明,锥柱形喷嘴具有较优的综合性能,适合作为磨料水射流抛光的宝石喷嘴;在锥柱形结构的基础上,针对三种不同的收缩角进行了数值模拟,结果表明,30度收缩角具有较优的射流特性。     

高压水除鳞喷嘴结构参数对喷嘴射流性能的影响

为了进一步研究高压水除鳞喷嘴的射流性能,优化喷嘴的结构参数,选取出口扩张角、锥孔深度、入口收缩角作为参考因素,以喷射角和射流流量作为评价指标,对喷嘴各参考因素对射流性能的影响进行了仿真分析。结合正交试验的方法,对喷嘴各结构参数及其交互作用对其性能影响的显著性及重要性次序进行分析,获得最优的参数组合并对其进行了实验验证。结果表明：出口扩张角的增大会使喷射角减小但会使射流流量增加,锥孔深度的增加可以较为全面地提升喷嘴的射流性能,收缩角的增大会使得喷嘴的射流性能减弱,喷嘴的除鳞效果变差;3个参考因素中锥孔深度是对射流性能影响最大的因素;当出口扩张角为80°、锥孔深度为8 mm、入口收缩角为65°时喷嘴的射流性能最优。通过将参数优化后的喷嘴的实验结果与原始喷嘴的实验结果对比发现,优化后喷嘴的喷射角由原始值35.7°提升至44.1°,射流流量的大小由原始值10.17 L/min提升至28.3 L/min。     

清洗用扇形喷嘴结构参数对其内部射流的影响

采用标准k-ε湍流模型,利用计算流体软件对扇形喷嘴的内部流场进行了数值模拟;研究了当扇形喷嘴出口投影面积一定时,入口结构、出口几何参数对喷嘴内部流场和出口射流速度的影响.研究表明:锥形入口结构最有利于射流在喷嘴内的加速,可使射流在喷嘴中始终处于加速运动状态.出口段的直径影响出口段内射流的速度,出口射流速度随出口圆柱段直径的增加而增加,但存在影响其变化趋势的一个阙值直径.出口盲端的长径比和V形切槽的夹角对喷嘴内射流流态无明显影响,对出口射流速度也无明显影响.     

高压喷嘴的射流仿真研究

针对高压喷嘴射流发散快以及速度稳定性差等问题,将Fluent仿真技术应用到高压喷嘴的流场分析中.根据高压喷嘴结构特点,为喷嘴及外部喷射区域建立了轴对称的几何模型;并根据喷射过程中流体速度的变化情况进行了网格的划分与加密,然后对高压喷嘴的淹没与非淹没射流流场以及不同收缩角时的非淹没射流流场进行了仿真分析;在流体理论的基础上提取了各种情况下的速度分布图,并对其结果进行了对比分析.研究结果表明,收缩角的不同对喷嘴流场的轴线的速度变化影响较大,当收缩角为10°时流场速度的稳定性最好;此外,通过对淹没射流与非淹没射流的流场情况进行比较,得出了非淹没射流对速度的集中更为理想的结论;仿真分析结果也为高压喷嘴结构及喷射形式的选取提供了一定的依据.     

喷嘴结构对水射流性能影响的分析

介绍了水射流理论及其计算流体力学的数学模型,运用FLUENT软件对不同结构喷嘴的水射流流场进行仿真分析。通过仿真结果比较得出:锥直形喷嘴整流段长度对喷射速度具有一定影响,且有利于喷嘴出口流量的增加;当喷嘴收缩角为14°时,水射流性能最佳。     

关键结构参数对高压除鳞喷嘴性能影响的研究

高压除鳞喷嘴广泛地应用在热轧除鳞工艺中,喷嘴结构参数的变化会对射流性能产生影响。通过数值模拟和实验测试相结合,研究了锥孔深度变化对外部射流的影响。研究表明:锥孔深度增加,射流水喷射角增加、射流速度沿轴向方向衰减变慢,射流距离增加。在相同射流距离下,锥孔深度的增加可以使打击力的大小增大、有效的射流宽度增大。     

塑料近红外分选设备喷吹分离的仿真研究

针对塑料分选装置中喷吹不准确、耗气量大等问题,提出了一种基于维多辛斯基曲线的流线型喷嘴。利用计算流体力学(CFD)软件,对喷嘴结构进行了二维与三维建模,运用Fluent进行了求解,选择湍流模型中的Realizable k-ε模型进行了计算,从射流速度、射流核心段长度以及耗气量等方面分析了喷嘴总长度、收缩段长度、出口直径以及收缩比等因素对喷嘴射流的影响。仿真结果表明:出口直径对喷嘴射流影响最大,喷嘴总长度、收缩段长度以及收缩比对喷嘴性能的影响相对较小;当喷嘴总长度为25 mm,收缩段长度为4 mm,出口直径为5 mm,收缩比为1.6时,喷嘴的喷吹性能相对较好且耗气量较低。     

喷嘴几何参数对射流流场性能影响的计算研究

在边界条件和初始条件相同的情况下,分别改变圆锥带圆柱出口型喷嘴的圆锥段收缩角、喷嘴出口圆柱段长径比、喷嘴出口直径,用Fluent软件对圆喷嘴射流的速度衰减特性进行数值模拟和分析.模拟发现:在圆锥段收缩角为13°左右、喷嘴出口圆柱段的长径比为3左右时,射流核心段上的速度最大;随着喷嘴出口直径的减小,射流核心段上的速度不断增大,射流的切割性能也越来越好.数值模拟结果与实验结果完全一致.     

乙醇圆柱射流雾化破碎过程的PIV试验研究

在喷雾容弹上利用PIV激光测试系统,研究了容弹背压、容弹温度和喷射脉宽对乙醇圆柱射流破碎雾化的影响。试验结果表明：容弹背压升高,乙醇圆柱射流贯穿距离减小,射流锥角变大;温度由20℃变为60℃时,乙醇运动黏度变小,射流贯穿距离增大,射流锥角略有增加;喷射脉宽的改变对乙醇圆柱射流贯穿距离和射流锥角影响很小,然而大脉宽的乙醇射流雾化困难。     

带气环旋喷射流流场特征及喷嘴结构正交优化研究

为提高二/三重管法旋喷射流切割土体效率,采用Mixture多相流模型和RNG κ-ε湍流模型,开展了淹没环境下带气环旋喷射流流动模拟研究,获得了射流速度、气液两相体积分布、靶体作用压力等流场特征,并基于L₁₆(4⁵)正交试验设计及误差分析方法,获得了旋喷射流喷嘴关键结构参数对射流速度及其作用靶体压力的影响敏感程度与影响规律。结果表明：带气环旋喷射流能量衰减慢且集中在轴心区域,射流等速核心段长,冲击破坏土体性能好;喷嘴结构参数对射流冲击性能的影响敏感次序为：射流喷嘴出口直径>收敛角>气体喷嘴直径>气液喷嘴间距>射流喷嘴长径比;射流轴心速度及其作用靶体压力随出口直径和气体喷嘴直径的增大呈先快速增加后缓慢增加趋势,随收敛角、长径比、气液喷嘴间距的增大呈先增加后降低趋势。基于此,考虑旋喷射流设备性能,给出了最优结构参数为：射流喷嘴出口直径2.0 mm,收敛角12°或18°,长径比1,气体喷嘴直径0.9 mm,气液喷嘴间距5 mm。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.