高速飞行器网格翼型结构热屈曲及热模态分析

翼片结构在高速飞行过程中会承受比较大的气动力和气动热形成的复合载荷。为研究网格翼结构的工作热屈曲和热模态特性,进行了理论分析和有限元计算;得到了结构的热屈曲临界温度、均匀及非均匀温度载荷下的热模态参数;发现网格翼结构的热屈曲临界温度要高于相同外形和材料的实体平板翼结构,且高温下结构材料热物理参数对热模态的影响要大于材料弹性参数,非均匀温度载荷下的网格翼结构热模态固有频率数值与均匀温度载荷下有一定区别。     

热环境下壁板结构稳定性试验方法初探

对钛合金加筋壁板热环境下的稳定性试验方法开展了研究,在壁板单面受热条件下,对壁板施加压缩或剪切载荷,在热/载联合作用下测试壁板高温应变,考核壁板的稳定性是否满足设计要求。采用石英灯辐射加热模拟了壁板的稳态温度环境,设计了专门的夹具实现了热环境下力载荷的施加,采用数字散斑非接触应变测试系统进行了壁板高温应变的测试。此外,建立了壁板有限元分析模型,进一步分析了热环境、温度场均匀性、连接夹具与试验件的螺栓数量对试验结果的影响规律。本文的研究对高速飞行器高温区结构壁板的稳定性设计提供初步的验证方法。     

带上盖的圆柱壳屈曲特性研究

针对圆柱壳状零件的屈曲特性问题,以M739A1引信支筒为例,利用ANSYS Workbench软件进行屈曲特性模态仿真,得到了前6阶模态下的屈曲临界载荷。1阶屈曲模态下临界载荷可以校核引信安全性,6阶模态下的临界载荷可以验证引信触发性能。研究表明,相对于支筒的圆角和中心孔直径,支筒壁厚对支筒的屈曲临界载荷影响作用更大。     

复合材料加筋板在剪切载荷下的屈曲特性研究

通过对复合材料薄壁加筋板结构进行剪切载荷下的屈曲试验研究,得到结构的屈曲模态、屈曲失稳载荷以及破坏形式,并通过有限元方法对结构的屈曲进行数值分析,分析得到的复合材料薄壁加筋板结构的屈曲模态和试验结果一致,屈曲载荷与试验结果吻合较好.试验还发现复合材料薄壁加筋板结构有较高的后屈曲承载能力,后屈曲过程中由于桁条脱胶会造成屈曲模态的变化.还分析了筋条的连续性对屈曲载荷的影响.     

复合材料加筋壁板稳定性影响分析

分别运用特征值法和弧长法开展T字型加筋壁板稳定性及其影响因素分析.分析表明:特征值法和弧长法所得结果相近,弧长法分析结果较为安全,特征值法可作为观察模型屈曲位置及模态图的分析方法.加筋壁板屈曲载荷随筋条间距的变化呈抛物线状,较平均的筋条布置有利于加筋壁板的整体稳定性.加筋壁板屈曲载荷随凸缘宽度的变化呈抛物线状,保持筋条横截面面积不变,筋条凸缘宽为60mm时屈曲载荷达到最大值.较小的凸缘宽度会导致筋条屈曲的发生,应在实际设计中予以避免.     

筋条形式和制造工艺对轴压载荷下钛合金加筋板力学行为模式的影响分析

加筋壁板是航空结构中常用结构形式,不同筋条形式和不同制造工艺会影响其力学行为及其失效模式.针对钛合金加筋板,采用有限元方法建立数值计算模型,研究了T型、L型和Z型3种不同截面形式筋条对加筋板的屈曲模态和破坏形式的影响机制,分析了焊接、点焊和铆接不同制造工艺对加筋板的屈曲载荷和后屈曲特性的影响.结果 表明:T型加筋板的屈...     

筋条参数对复合材料加筋壁板剪切承载能力的影响

通过对飞机上大量使用的复合材料加筋壁板进行剪切试验,得到了不同筋条间距和腹板高度下加筋壁板的屈曲载荷和破坏载荷,分析了筋条间距和腹板高度对加筋壁板剪切承载能力的影响。结果表明:随着筋条间距增大,加筋壁板由局部屈曲变为整体屈曲,屈曲载荷和破坏载荷均逐渐减小;随着腹板高度增大,加筋壁板的屈曲载荷和破坏载荷均增大,当腹板高度达到35mm时则基本不再变化,分别保持在425kN和775kN左右。     

湿热环境下复合材料加筋壁板压缩屈曲与后屈曲行为的有限元模拟

制备了CCF300碳纤维/BA9916-II环氧树脂复合材料加筋壁板，研究了该加筋壁板在干态和湿热状态下的压缩行为；建立加筋壁板有限元模型，使用经验公式对湿热环境下的材料参数进行修正，通过模拟分析了不同状态加筋壁板的压缩屈曲与后屈曲行为，并进行了试验验证。结果表明：加筋壁板在干态与吸湿状态下均有较强的后屈曲承载能力；湿热环境会对加筋壁板稳定性与承载能力造成较大负面影响，随吸湿时间延长，其屈曲及破坏载荷均呈先快后慢的下降趋势；模拟得到干态加筋壁板的屈曲载荷和破坏载荷与试验结果的相对误差分别为3.1%和5.2%,吸湿饱和态下的相对误差分别为5.6%和6.9%,误差较小，证明了所采用模拟方法的准确性和所建立有限元模型的合理性。     

剪切载荷下复合材料加筋壁板的屈曲性能及承载能力试验研究

对3种不同蒙皮/长桁刚度配比的无损与含目视勉强可见损伤(BVID)的复合材料加筋壁板,分别进行剪切载荷下的试验研究,得到了结构的屈曲载荷、承载能力及失效模式,研究成果可为今后复合材料加筋壁板的设计提供参考。试验表明,在一定范围内,剪切试验件的承载能力随着蒙皮/长桁刚度配比的增加而增加,对于蒙皮/长桁刚度配比为3.79的试验件,冲击损伤对结构承载能力的影响较为明显,且帽顶冲击损伤对试验件的承载能力影响更大。对于蒙皮/长桁刚度配比为3.84、3.92的试验件,冲击损伤对试验件的承载能力影响不大,但是冲击损伤降低了局部刚度,造成结构件发生局部屈曲而导致破坏。     

复合材料加筋壁板剪切破坏试验与后屈曲分析

针对复合材料加筋壁板在剪切载荷下的稳定性和承载特性,开展了破坏试验和后屈曲分析方法的研究。基于三维Hashin准则和平方应力准则作为复合材料层板和界面胶层的失效判据及刚度退化策略,建立了考虑渐进损伤的剪切破坏分析模型,利用编制的用户自定义UMAT子程序,实现了在ABAQUS中的应用和承载能力的求解。与试验结果相比,结构承载能力和应变状态数值分析与试验值吻合良好,预测的破坏模式也与试验结果一致,屈曲载荷和承载能力相对误差分别为5.4%和3.5%,验证了该建模分析方法的有效性。     

Temperature uniformity of the glass panel heated in the infrared heating chamber

An analysis has been carried out to investigate the effect of the reflectivity on the temperature distribution of a glass panel by infrared radiant heating. Halogen lamps are used to heat the panel, located near the top and bottom of the rectangular chamber. The thermal energy is transferred from the lamps to the panel only by radiation and it is considered by using view factor. The conductive transfer is limited inside the panel. The results show that the uniformity of the temperature distribution of the panel is improved and, at the same time, the time for heating increases as the wall reflectivity increases. The temperature difference between the center and the corner reaches a maximum in the early stage of the heating process and then decreases until it reaches a uniform steady-state value.     

Dynamic characteristics of rotating pretwisted clamped-clamped beam under thermal stress

Effects of thermal stress on the vibration characteristics, buckling limit and critical speed of a rotating pretwisted beam clamped to rigid hub at a stagger angle were investigated. By considering the work done by thermal stress, the thermal influence on stiffness matrix was introduced in the dynamic model. The motion equations were derived based on Lagrange equation by employing three pure Cartesian deformation variables combined with nonlinear von Karman strain formula. Numerical investigations studied the modal characteristics of the beam. Numerical results calculated from a commercial finite element code and obtained with the present modeling method were in good agreement with the previous results reported in the literature. The combined softening effects due to the thermal stress and the rotation motion were observed. Furthermore, it is shown that the inclusion of thermal stress is necessary for blades operating under a high temperature field. Buckling thermal loads and the critical rotating speed were calculated through solving the corresponding nonlinear equations numerically, and some pertinent conclusions are outlined. It is also found that the peak value position of the first mode shape approaches to the tip of blade with the increment of rotating speed and hub radius. However, the variation in the environment temperature causes only a slight alteration in the mode shape.     

基于实验数据的PCB组件模型修正和阻尼选择

基于三维CAD模型建立了某航空电子设备PCB组件的有限元仿真模型。通过有限元模态分析结果与实验模态分析结果的对比,验证了有限元模型的正确性。在此基础上进行了3种不同阻尼设置下的随机振动分析,并进行了实物的随机振动实验。分别比较了仿真和实验得到的均方根(RMS)值和功率谱密度(PSD)响应。最后得出结论:常数阻尼比0.01并叠加模态阻尼时的仿真结果与实验数据最接近;模态分析时应覆盖激励谱的全部频率。     

Investigation of vibration effects on friction and axial force transfer of buckled rod constrained in a horizontal cylinder

The work examines the effects of frequencies of vibrations at different amplitudes on friction force, axial force transfer, and lock-up force of buckled rod constrained in a horizontal cylinder for different media under normal and high temperature environments. Studies have shown that vibrations induced in the rod have significantly reduced friction force, improved axial force transfer and deferred the initiation of critical buckling and lock-up forces for all media in normal temperature environment. Similar trends were observed at higher temperature environments; however, vibration parameters were less effective particularly on very high temperature. Results have also shown that frequency has a particular relationship with the friction force and axial force transfer and employing higher frequency would not improve the results.     

Non-linear thermal buckling for local delamination near the surface of laminated cylindrical shell

A solving method is applied to conduct research on the non-linear thermal buckling behavior of local delamination near the surface of fiber-reinforced laminated cylindrical shell. The shape of delaminated region considered is elliptic, triangular and lemniscates. Young's modulus and the thermal expansion coefficient of material are treated as a function of temperature, which leads to the force in the middle plane of the sub-laminated shells a non-linear function of temperature. The critical temperatures of laminated cylindrical shells with various shaped local delamination, different stacking patterns and different radius of the laminated cylindrical shells are obtained by making use of the energy principle. It has been found that linear solution of the critical buckling temperature gives a higher value than that of non-linear consideration.     

基于板件贡献分析的装载机驾驶室低噪声设计

分别建立某装载机驾驶室及室内声腔有限元模型,通过单点输入多点输出(single input and multiple output,简称SIMO)法模态试验验证了声振耦合模型的准确性,测取悬置点激励进行频率响应分析及室内噪声预测。对驾驶室进行声学灵敏度分析,采用声传递向量法对驾驶室进行声学板件贡献度分析并对关键板件进行形貌优化,同时添加橡胶阻尼材料抑制壁板振动,进行二次声压虚拟预测。结果表明,声学灵敏度分析可得到多阶关键声振耦合频率,声传递向量法板件贡献度分析能准确定位产生噪声峰值的关键板件,形貌优化及添加阻尼材料的方案降噪效果显著,室内总声压级降低了4.43dB。此方案系统地为低噪声车身设计提供了技术路线,减少了传统方案的主观性和重复性,缩短了研发周期,降低了研发成本。     

The shear buckling behaviour of thin composite plates with particular reference to the effects of bend–twist coupling

The effect of bend–twist coupling on the shear buckling behaviour of laminated composite plates is examined in this paper using a finite strip procedure. The complex buckled shapes which are associated with shear loading are duly accounted for in the analysis approach through the multi-term facility of the strip formulation employed and, of course, through the appropriate level of structural modelling. The degree of bend–twist coupling in the laminated composite plates is varied by changing the level of anisotropy in the plies and by altering the lay-up configuration of the plies in the laminated stack. Symmetric laminates of a balanced and unbalanced nature are given consideration. It is shown that, for a given degree of anisotropy in the plies of a laminate and for a given laminate thickness, the stacking sequence of the plies significantly alters the degree of bend–twist coupling. The shear buckling performance of composite plates having the same dimensions and being made from the same material are therefore shown in the paper to be quite different. The preclusion of the bend–twist coupling coefficients in the solution procedure of the finite strip method allows the shear buckling orthotropic solution to be determined. Comparisons between the coupled and orthotropic solutions are shown in the paper to be markedly different with respect to critical shear performance level and also buckled mode shape. For square plates or plates with a moderate aspect ratio the influence of bend–twist coupling on buckled mode shape is shown in the paper to be noticeable through increased distortion. For the larger aspect ratio plates it is shown that the presence of bend–twist coupling can cause a complete change in the mode shape from a symmetric to an antisymmetric nature or vice versa. Amplitude modulation is shown in the paper to be clearly evident in the shear buckling mode shapes of long plates.     

Effectiveness of Impact-Synchronous Time Averaging in determination of dynamic characteristics of a rotor dynamic system

Dynamic characteristics of rotor dynamic systems, namely natural frequencies, damping and mode shape, vary with rotation speed due to gyroscopic effect. To consider such effect, modal analysis is required to be performed while in operation. However, to generate the frequency response functions, it is not viable to perform data reduction in frequency domain as noise and harmonics excited by rotating forces dominate the spectrum and hide the natural frequencies. The full set of dynamic characteristics is difficult to obtain. A novel technique, referred to as Impact-Synchronous Time Averaging (ISTA), is developed in this study to screen out the noise and harmonics.     

Direct identification of non-proportional modal damping matrix for lumped mass system using modal parameters

Several damping materials have been employed to reduce the vibration of marine structures. In this paper, a new method of identifying system matrices for non-proportional damping structures using modal parameters is proposed. This method has two advantages. First, the mass and stiffness matrices do not need to be calculated using the FEM, so errors due to the inaccuracy of these matrices can be reduced. Second, various indirect methods can be used to identify modal parameters such as natural frequencies, modal damping ratios and mode shapes. Three case studies of lumped mass systems with non-proportional damping are carried out to verify the performance of the proposed method in this study.     

高速动车组车体模态特性分析

针对轨道不平顺及设备运转使高速动车组运行过程中产生复杂的振动、严重降低乘坐舒适性和行驶安全性等问题,对车体进行模态特性分析,以改善车辆的动态响应特性。建立某高速动车组车体有限元模型,计算3种车体不同质量条件下的振动模态,分析设备吊挂位置和吊挂点数目对车体模态频率的影响,得到模态频率和振型的变化规律。在有限元计算的基础上搭建车体模态测试系统,对车体进行模态试验,分析仿真与试验结果的差异及原因,验证数值计算和有限元模型的正确性。结果表明,车体模态频率满足相关设计标准,不同质量的车体低阶模态振型变化趋势一致,吊挂位置对底架垂弯和车体扭转振动频率影响较明显,吊挂点数目增加使车体模态频率逐渐升高。