上海市建筑室内空气污染现状研究

选取上海地区82间办公室和48户住宅,以《室内空气质量标准》为检测和评价依据,以室内空气中的甲醛、TVOC和苯作为代表污染物,对其浓度水平进行了分析.从中发现目前民用建筑室内空气质量超标情况普遍,除客厅污染物超标率偏低外,厨房和书房中甲醛的超标率较高,书房中TVOC的超标率最高,卧室中苯的超标率最高.同时根据目前检测指标的选取情况发现大多数居民对于室内空气污染整体认识还需加强.     

装潢造成的室内空气污染及其危害

室内空气污染物按照国家标准和EN欧洲相关环保标准主要控制甲醛、苯、氨、总挥发性有机物TVOC、氡五项指标.生活中来自不同物体散发的污染物不同,危害也不同.     

恪守经典的整体橱柜

整体橱柜遵循于人们的操作习惯和美学规则，将各种厨房用具以最合理的方式组合搭配在一起，为生活带来方便的同时，也美化了居室，在简约之风盛行的今日，仍有不少橱柜坚守经典主义，它们不像造型时尚的家具，给人以强烈视觉冲击力，但它们从容，不会过时，没有刚直冷硬的现代工业气息，展现给人们温尔雅的面孔。或许，在这个冬日里，能让厨房中的主妇们感到的惬意暖人的，正是这类橱柜。     

挑选整体橱柜的十大要点

现在几乎所有经过装修的家庭,使用的都是整体橱柜,除了面积大小和颜色、材质上的差别,家家的橱柜从表面看起来都很近似。打开里面,不同的配置就带给你迥异的使用感受了,人性化的细节有之则精彩,无之则只能称之为一件普通产品。让我们看看现在橱柜中都有哪些“不用不知道,一用真奇妙”的小细节,快点全面升级你的整体橱柜吧!     

整体橱柜在空间上的布局

仅仅面积大并不能保证是一个功能齐全、感觉舒适的厨房，空间怎样被利用才是最重要的。业内人士认为的好的设计应具备的简单规则：作为工作区的厨房工作区最重要的3个活动是配莱、烹调和清洁。     

整体橱柜装饰部件的安装结构分析

在当前随着我国经济的不断发展以及提高,我们可以发现人们对于生活的质量以及艺术的品味不断的加强。而对于整体橱柜的设计而言,它也是当前人们追求个性化需求的一个有效途径。这一种整体的橱柜它为我们的生活带来了较大的便利作用给,它不单单可以在一定的程度上加强厨房的使用效率,并且也能够提高人们的生活品味。因此在本篇文章当中,我们主要是简单的探析了当前整体橱柜装饰部件的安装结构分析,希望能够提供给相关从事者一些有效的帮助。     

室内空气甲醛污染控制研究

针对甲醛是我国室内空气主要污染物之一的实际,对其现有防治方法进行介绍,总结各方法利弊。并对居民应用较多的药剂法、臭氧氧化及光催化氧化法进行实验研究比较,结果表明,光催化氧化法对气态污染物处理效果最好。联合技术则可综合提高室内空气质量。     

谈整体橱柜专卖店的展示空间设计

介绍了整体橱柜专卖店的概念,从门头设计、灯光设计、色彩设计、动线设计等角度出发,探讨了整体橱柜专卖店的展示空间设计要点,以迎合消费者内心需求,从而提高商品销售率。     

室内装修中现制整体橱柜工艺研究

当前的整体橱柜工业化产品存在一定程度的缺陷,而对橱柜各组成部件的功能价值分析是其改进的重要前提.通过从选材、构造、工艺等多方面深入分析,探讨一种简单易行且价廉物美的现制橱柜工艺,为当前整体橱柜工艺改进提供参考.     

以标准化迎接整体橱柜产业时代的到来

中国的整体厨房行业目前还处于“低、散、乱、小”这样的境地。全行业年销售额超过一个亿的仅有五六家企业，这样的行业通常不被认为行业，而应归为原始的阶段。这类似于家电行业20世纪90年代前后的阶段。那么，为什么说家具产业化时代就要到来呢？     

整体厨房人机设计

通过人机工程学的运用,分析了用户的操作流程以及人体尺寸,研究了厨房空间的合理平面布局方式、整体厨房的平面剖面尺度以及合理的储藏空间等,以使用户大大提高工作效率和操作的舒适度。     

住宅厨房空气污染综合防治措施浅析

结合多年设计和实践经验 ,对厨房污染物的产生途径作了分析 ,提出了防治厨房空气污染 ,须采取污染源控制、加强通风、净化空气、改变生活习惯和走出建筑设计误区的综合措施。     

动物暴露实验中控制甲醛和苯浓度稳定的方法

为了研究动物暴露实验中,在相对小的染毒柜内将低浓度的受试气体长时间保持在稳定状态的可行方法,本文以甲醛和苯为代表气体,通过自行设计并定制的染毒柜,分别对静态控制法和动态控制法进行实验研究。实验结果表明,静态控制法装置简单,但染毒柜内的受试气体浓度衰减过快,若用于长期的暴露实验,不具备可行性。动态控制法相比静态控制法在装置上多了一套送排风系统和一个受试气体的发生装置,能够长时间的保持染毒柜内甲醛和苯的浓度的稳定,可用于长期的动物暴露实验。     

Indoor air pollution and self-reported diseases - a case study of NCT of Delhi

People in modern societies often spend 80-90% of their time in indoor environments. It is, therefore, imperative to analyze indoor air quality (IAQ) and its determinants and to consider the contribution of IAQ to possible health outcomes at the household level. Based on empirical data collected from 5949 households from 35 wards of Delhi, it can be summarized that higher proportions of residents live in degraded indoor environmental conditions. The highest risks to health were attached to use of traditional fuels (64%), lack of a kitchen (59%), exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) (55%), and poor ventilation (55%). Acute respiratory infections (43%) were identified as one of the most prevalent health problems confronted by residents and are strongly associated with use of traditional fuels (adjusted OR 2.7, 95% CI 2.3-3.1). Asthma shows a significant relationship with the use of traditional fuels (adjusted OR 3.8, 95% CI 3.4-4.3), exposure to ETS (adjusted OR 2.5, 95% CI 2.2-2.7), and poor ventilation (adjusted OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13-1.41). Lung cancer (adjusted OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.38-1.71) and cardiovascular diseases (adjusted OR 2.25, 95% CI 2.01-2.53) also show a strong relationship with ETS exposure. More research is needed. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The present study can help to create new insights in understanding the gravity of indoor air quality problems in Delhi and can therefore provide interesting material to social scientists, public health officers, planners, and decision makers. The information can be utilized to help formulate comprehensive policies and planning with a humanistic approach for proper urban indoor environments that will be applicable at all administrative levels, viz. local, national, and international, and will also provide an important background for additional research in this area.     

Indoor air pollution from particulate matter emissions in different households in rural areas of Bangladesh

Indoor air pollution from the combustion of traditional biomass fuels (wood, cow dung, and crop wastes) is a significant public health problem predominantly for poor populations in many developing countries. It is particularly problematic for the women who are normally responsible for food preparation and cooking, and for infants/young children who spend time around their mothers near the cooking area. Airborne particulate matter (PM) samples were collected from cooking and living areas in homes in a rural area of Bangladesh to investigate the impact of fuel use, kitchen configurations, and ventilation on indoor air quality and to apportion the source contributions of the measured trace metals and BC concentrations. Lower PM concentrations were observed when liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) was used for cooking. PM concentrations varied significantly depending on the position of kitchen, fuel use and ventilation rates. From reconstructed mass (RCM) calculations, it was found that the major constituent of the PM was carbonaceous matter. Soil and smoke were identified as components from elemental composition data. It was also found that some kitchen configurations have lower PM concentrations than others even with the use of low-grade biomass fuels. Adoption of these kitchen configurations would be a cost-effective approach in reducing exposures from cooking in these rural areas.     

Indoor air pollution in old people's homes related to some health problems: a survey study

The present research reports on a survey of 96 subjects between the ages of 60 and 95 years, living close to Paris in a social collective habitat. The aim was to show, using goodness-of-fit statistical tests (P < 0.1), how old people lifestyles can subject them to generated chemical or bacteriological indoor pollutants. Risk factors due to lifestyles were analyzed in relation to complaints and to health condition. There are many ways that old people are exposed to pollutants: difficulty in maintaining the residence, preference for staying in the kitchens, substantial use of cleaning chemicals. However, the principal risk for health problems is arguably inadequate ventilation (unclean screens, blocked air vents, etc.), which increases the concentration of indoor pollutants. These risks are amplified by ignorance about the hazards of inadequate ventilation. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The present investigation suggests that the lifestyle and the behavior of old people could be the cause of an interior air pollution of their housing. Measures realized in representative dwellings selected in relation to results must confirm that these risks would require the installation of an automatic monitoring system of the indoor air near these people.     

建筑设计到施工的集成化研究综述

通过对建筑产品从设计到实现的整个过程的概念和技术两方面的具体分析，系统阐述了这一过程的发展状况，指出生产力发展是技术进步的内在要求，而计算机技术的进步是建设行业走向高度集成化、自动化和智能化的外在动因。     

大规模半导体器件厂房通风空调节能分析

分析了大规模半导体器件生产厂房通风空调系统的特点,并以某工程为例,说明该类厂房能耗大的现状,从设计计算和运行管理的角度分析了造成这一不合理现状的原因,指出该类厂房应采用变频技术,按照生产 和非生产工况,对送风量、排风量和新风量进行调节、控制,达到节能的目的。     

新装修办公室内空气污染的消除试验

以一个新装修的办公室为研究对象,对室内的污染状况进行了检测。从控制污染源和消除室内空气污染两方面进行了净化试验。试验结果表明,在有紫外线灯照射时,用臭氧水对空间和人造板表面进行喷雾,同时保持室内高臭氧浓度的方法对降低人造板的甲醛散发量有明显效果;利用夜间产生高浓度臭氧、白天产生低浓度臭氧结合活性炭吸附的方法能有效消除室内空气中的甲醛和氨气。