Reduced quaternion matrix for color texture classification

As a newly developed singular value decomposition of the reduced quaternion matrix (SVDRQ), the two reduced quaternion unitary matrices can effectively capture the intrinsic geometric structures and smooth contours of color texture image. The projection vector by the two unitary matrices is used as dominant features for color texture classification. In this paper, we proposed new algorithm to implement the computation of the SVDRQ, and then proposed new color texture classification scheme based on SVDRQ, the Euclidean distance is applied as classifier in the proposed scheme. It is demonstrated by the experiments that our proposed scheme significantly improves the color texture classification accuracy in comparison with several conventional texture classification approaches.     

Multispectral and joint colour-texture feature extraction for ore-gangue separation

Ore sorting is a useful tool to remove gangue material from the ore and increase the quality of the ore. The vast developments in the area of artificial intelligence allow fast processing of full color digital images for the preferred investigations. Three different approaches to color texture analysis were used for the classification of associated gangue from limestone and iron ore. All the methods were based on extensions of the co-occurrence matrix method. The first approach was a correlation method, in which co-occurrence matrices are computed both between and within the color bands. In the second approach, joint color-texture features, where color features were extracted from chrominance information and texture features were extracted from luminance information of the color bands. The last approach used grey scale texture features computed on a quantized color image. Results showed that the joint color-texture method was 98% accurate for limestone and 98.4% for iron ore gangue classification. It was further observed that the features showed better accuracy with 64 grey levels quantization.     

融合LBP和GLCM的纹理特征提取方法

为提取有效的特征用于纹理描述和分类,提出一种融合局部二进制模式(LBP)和灰度共生矩阵(GLCM)的纹理特征提取方法。利用旋转不变的LBP算子处理纹理图像,得到LBP图像及其GLCM,采用对比度、相关性、能量和逆差矩描述图像的纹理特征。实验结果表明,与其他方法相比,该方法提取的纹理特征具有更强的纹理鉴别能力,平均分类正确率达到93%。     

An information fusion based method for liver classification using texture analysis of ultrasound images

This paper presents a method for classification of liver ultrasound images based on texture analysis. The proposed method uses a set of seven texture features having high discriminative power which can be used by radiologists to classify the liver. Feature extraction is carried out using the following texture models: Spatial Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix, Gray Level Difference Statistics, First order Statistics, Fourier Power Spectrum, Statistical Feature Matrix, Law’s Texture Energy Measures and Fractal Features. Based upon the results of Linear Discriminative Analysis (LDA) followed by box-plot analysis and Pearson’s correlation coefficient, 7 best features from a set of 35 features are selected. These selected features are then fused using a linear classifier. The novelty of the proposed method is that, it combines the best features from different texture domains along with their weights and ‘weighted z-score’ values. Subsequently, these values are used to compute a discriminative index for liver classification. The results show that this method has overall classification accuracy of 95% and low computational complexity.     

基于SVM的图像纹理特征分类研究

支持向量机（SVM）是一种表现卓越的分类方法,而灰度共生矩阵（GLCM）则是一种很好的纹理分析方法,故而本文提出了一种使用灰度共生矩阵进行特征提取的应用支持向量机的纹理特征分类法。实验结果表明,与直接应用灰度信息进行分类的支持向量机算法相比,本文方法可以取得更为准确的分类结果。     

基于神经网络的乳腺X线图像分类研究

本文研究了基于统计特征及灰度共生矩阵的乳腺X线图像的特征提取方法,以及基于神经网络的算法在乳腺肿瘤检查和分类中的作用.结果显示该方法对良性与恶性肿瘤分类的准确率超过了75%.实验表明神经网络方法在图像分类中是有效的.     

纹理图像识别中的旋转不变性分析

在对纹理图像进行分类识别过程中,许多具有相同纹理特性的不同图像经常在方向上呈现多样性。这些图像应该被归为一类。针对这一问题,有许多方法可以得到旋转不变性特征,例如：几何矩,正交矩,灰度共生矩阵等,然而,前两种方法计算量很大,第三种方法效果也不令人满意。提出了一种基于灰度-梯度共生矩阵的方法来得到旋转不变特征量,并且提出了一种快速计算灰度-梯度共生矩阵的算法。实验表明利用灰度-梯度共生矩阵的方法得到旋转不变量的方法非常有效,快速计算灰度-梯度共生矩阵的算法也大大减小了计算量。     

基于SVM的SAR图像分类研究

支持向量机（SVM）是一种卓越的分类方法,灰度共生矩阵（GLCM）则是一种很好的纹理分析方法,而纹理是合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像分类的一个重要特征,故而提出了一种使用灰度共生矩阵进行特征提取的应用支持向量的SAR图像分类法。实验结果证明了支持向量机算法的可行性和有效性。     

综合颜色和纹理特征的图像检索算法

基于内容的图像检索是当前多媒体信息检索的热点之一。基于内容的图像检索技术是根据对图像内容(特征)的描述和提取,在图像库中找到具有指定内容(特征)的图像。本文对图像颜色特征和纹理特征的提取、相似性度量等基于内容的图像检索的关键技术进行了分析和研究,并在此基础上,提出了一个基于颜色特征和纹理特征的图像检索算法并验证了其有效性。该算法采用HSV颜色空间的直方图作为颜色特征向量,采用灰度共生矩阵的四个纹理特征:能量、熵、惯性矩和相关性构成纹理特征向量,采用欧氏距离进行相似性度量。实验结果表明,该算法实现的系统具有良好的图像检索功能。     

基于四像素共生矩阵的图像检索

传统的灰度共生矩阵是一种有效的纹理图像分析方法,它在图像理解和计算机视觉研究领域已得到了广泛的应用。为了更有效地进行图像检索,提出了一种新型的共生矩阵描述子,它是通过描述4个像素的空间相关性来进行图像检索。利用该共生矩阵描述子进行图像检索时,首先在RGB颜色空间中计算彩色梯度,然后利用四像素共生矩阵来描述图像特征,并用于基于内容的图像检索。实验结果表明,四像素共生矩阵描述子能够结合颜色、纹理和形状特征,因此检索性能优于灰度共生矩阵和颜色相关图。     

Study of urban spatial patterns from SPOT panchromatic imagery using textural analysis

The long-time historical evolution and recent rapid development of Beijing, China, present before us a unique urban structure. A 10-metre spatial resolution SPOT panchromatic image of Beijing has been studied to capture the spatial patterns of the city. Supervised image classifications were performed using statistical and structural texture features produced from the image. Textural features, including eight texture features from the Grey-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) method; a computationally efficient texture feature, the Number of Different Grey-levels (NDG); and a structural texture feature, Edge Density (ED), were evaluated. It was found that generally single texture features performed poorly. Classification accuracy increased with increasing number of texture features until three or four texture features were combined. The more texture features in the combination, the smaller difference between different combinations. The results also show that a lower number of texture features were needed for more homogeneous areas. NDG and ED combined with GLCM texture features produced similar results as the same number of GLCM texture features. Two classification schemes were adopted, stratified classification and non-stratified classification. The best stratified classification result was better than the best non-stratified classification result.     

基于纹理的图像检索

为得到纹理特征提取的合适的算法,首先研究了基于灰度共生矩阵的纹理特征的提取方法,将彩色图像变换灰度图像,然后进行四个方向的纹理特征提取,包括能量、熵、惯性矩、相关量四个向量元素作为纹理特征值,并研究了基于Gabor小波的纹理特征的提取。首先将Gabor小波作为母小波,将图像进行二维的Gabor小波变换,将Gabor小波系数的均值和标准方差作为纹理特征值;将两种方法进行比较,查全率和查准率作为测量标准,实验表明基于Gabor小波变换的纹理特征方法在频域具有比较好的检索效果。     

基于多特征融合的图像检索算法

为有效提取和描述图像特征,提高图像检索性能,提出一种基于纹理、颜色和形状多特征融合的图像检索算法。检测彩色图像的边缘,对其进行变换得到基元图像。遍历基元图像得到基元共生矩阵,对每个基元求梯度值得到基元梯度直方图。将彩色图像量化到64色颜色空间,得到对应的颜色直方图。利用上述3个特征量描述图像特征,并用于图像检索。实验结果表明,与BCTF和MCM算法相比,该算法的查全率和查准率较高,计算复杂度较低。     

Local fractal and multifractal features for volumic texture characterization

For texture analysis, several features such as co-occurrence matrices, Gabor filters and the wavelet transform are used. Recently, fractal geometry appeared to be an effective feature to analyze texture. But it is often restricted to 2D images, while 3D information can be very important especially in medical image processing. Moreover applications are limited to the use of fractal dimension. This study focuses on the benefits of fractal geometry in a classification method based on volumic texture analysis. The proposed methods make use of fractal and multifractal features for a 3D texture analysis of a voxel neighborhood. They are validated with synthetic data before being applied on real images. Their efficiencies are proved by comparison to some other texture features in supervised classification processes (AdaBoost and support vector machine classifiers).The results showed that features based on fractal geometry (by combining fractal and multifractal features) contributed to new texture characterization. Information on new features was useful and complementary for a classification method.This study suggests that fractal geometry can provide a new useful information in 3D texture analysis, especially in medical imaging.     

Liver fibrosis staging using CT image texture analysis and soft computing

Liver biopsy is considered to be the gold standard for analyzing chronic hepatitis and fibrosis; however, it is an invasive and expensive approach, which is also difficult to standardize. Medical imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging are non-invasive and helpful methods to interpret liver texture, and may be good alternatives to needle biopsy. Recently, instead of visual inspection of these images, computer-aided image analysis based approaches have become more popular. In this study, a non-invasive, low-cost and relatively accurate method was developed to determine liver fibrosis stage by analyzing some texture features of liver CT images. In this approach, some suitable regions of interests were selected on CT images and a comprehensive set of texture features were obtained from these regions using different methods, such as Gray Level Co-occurrence matrix (GLCM), Laws’ method, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT), and Gabor filters. Afterwards, sequential floating forward selection and exhaustive search methods were used in various combinations for the selection of most discriminating features. Finally, those selected texture features were classified using two methods, namely, Support Vector Machines (SVM) and k-nearest neighbors (k-NN). The mean classification accuracy in pairwise group comparisons was approximately 95% for both classification methods using only 5 features. Also, performance of our approach in classifying liver fibrosis stage of subjects in the test set into 7 possible stages was investigated. In this case, both SVM and k-NN methods have returned relatively low classification accuracies. Our pairwise group classification results showed that DWT, Gabor, GLCM, and Laws’ texture features were more successful than the others; as such features extracted from these methods were used in the feature fusion process. Fusing features from these better performing families further improved the classification performance. The results show that our approach can be used as a decision support system in especially pairwise fibrosis stage comparisons.     

基于局部特征多轴旋转不变特性的纹理图像分类算法

采用非量化的局部特征设计出一个稳健的纹理描述符,以便增强旋转和尺度变化时纹理分类的鲁棒性。首先,引入了局部特征的旋转对称性的概念,提出了一种新颖的局部特征来描述纹理的旋转不变特性。为了处理剧烈的旋转、尺度等变化,利用费舍尔向量编码方法对纹理特征量进行多尺度分析,在不增加局部特征维度的同时又能结合尺度信息,由此产生的局部特征对旋转、灰度变化都有较强的鲁棒性。实验结果表明,所提方法的评估结果在许多数据集上都远远超过了现有最优算法,大大提高了纹理分类的精度。     

利用小波进行基于形状和纹理的图像分类

提出一种基于小波的形状和纹理联合特征的图像分类方法。先对图像进行二维小波变换以得到边缘图像，再提取边缘图像的7个边界不变矩组成图像的形状特征向量；在实验中，发现大多数情况下，图像背景的干扰信息大于其对分类的贡献，因此对图像去除其背景，然后在灰度共现矩阵的基础上，计算5个二次统计量作为其纹理特征；最后联合形状和边缘特征向量，并对其进行高斯归一化，用SVM进行分类。结果表明，该方法具有明显的优越性和较强的实用性。