钢筋加劲T形截面钢管混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

制作4根钢筋加劲的T形截面钢管混凝土柱、1根非加劲T形截面钢管混凝土柱和1根T形截面钢筋混凝土柱试件,对其进行低周往复水平荷载作用下的滞回性能试验,研究其破坏模式和滞回性能,分析钢筋加劲肋的作用机理以及钢管对混凝土的约束作用。结果表明：相比T形截面钢筋混凝土柱,T形截面钢管混凝土柱破坏程度有明显减轻,刚度、承载力以及耗能性能均有明显提高;钢筋加劲肋能有效限制钢板局部屈曲和阴角处钢管与混凝土脱离,保证钢管和混凝土共同工作,对拉钢筋加劲肋相对锯齿形钢筋加劲肋的效果更加显著;含钢率较高的钢管混凝土柱承载力更高,耗能能力更好;轴压比从0.2增加到0.4时,钢筋加劲的T形截面钢管混凝土柱的承载力增大,延性降低。     

Seismic behavior of L-shaped concrete-filled steel tubular columns with reinforcement stiffeners

制作了1根对拉钢筋加劲L形截面钢管混凝土柱试件和2根非加劲L形截面钢管混凝土柱试件,对其进行低周往复水平荷载作用下的滞回性能试验,考察对拉钢筋和轴压比对其抗震性能的影响规律。结合OpenSees有限元分析,研究其破坏模式和滞回性能,分析对拉钢筋的作用以及钢管对混凝土的约束作用。结果表明：对拉钢筋能有效限制钢板的局部屈曲以及阴角处钢管和混凝土的脱离,保证钢管和混凝土共同工作;轴压比从0.3增加到0.6时,非加劲L形截面钢管混凝土柱的耗能能力及延性均降低;相同轴压比下,相比非加劲L形截面钢管混凝土柱,对拉钢筋加劲L形截面钢管混凝土柱的破坏程度明显减轻,耗能能力及延性明显提高;有限元分析结果基本能反映试件在低周往复水平荷载作用下的抗震性能。     

Effect of reinforcement stiffeners on square concrete-filled steel tubular columns subjected to axial compressive load

Eight stiffened square concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) stub columns with slender sections of encasing steel and two non-stiffened counterparts were tested subjected to axial compressive load. Four types of reinforcement stiffeners and steel tensile strips were introduced to postpone local buckling of steel tubes, in which the tensile strip was first used as stiffener in CFSTs. The stiffening mechanism, failure modes of concrete and steel tubes, strength and ductility of stiffened square CFSTs were also studied during the experimental research. A numerical modeling program was developed and verified against the experimental data. The program incorporates the effect of the stiffeners on postponing local buckling of the tube and the tube confinement on concrete core. Extensive parametric analysis was also conducted to examine the influencing parameters on mechanical properties of stiffened square CFSTs.     

设分配梁与内环板传力构造的巨型钢管混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

针对7个按1∶5缩尺的设置分配梁加内环板传力构造的巨型钢管混凝土柱试件进行拟静力试验研究,考察了轴压比、长细比、管壁宽厚比及纵向T形加劲肋等因素对此类构件抗震新能的影响。研究结果表明,管壁宽厚比大于60的试件,在达到极限荷载之前（约为极限荷载的63%）发生管壁局部屈曲,延性较差;设置T形加劲肋可有效减小管壁宽厚比,提高管壁局部屈曲强度,改善试件的延性性能及耗能能力;试件位移延性系数随轴压比和试件长细比的增大而降低,刚度退化越明显;在低周反复荷载作用下,同时设置分配梁与内环板传力构造的钢管混凝土柱试件破坏时的位移角超过了规范规定的弹塑性层间位移角限值,满足抗震设计要求,且钢管与核心混凝土变形协调,相应的截面属性和压弯承载力可按平截面假定计算。     

Experimental behaviour of concrete-filled stiffened thin-walled steel tubular columns

An experimental study on the structural behaviour of concrete-filled stiffened thin-walled steel tubular columns is presented in this paper. The stiffening was achieved by welding longitudinal stiffeners on the inner surfaces of the steel tubes. Companion tests were also undertaken on 12 unstiffened concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns, with or without steel fibres in the infill concrete. The test results showed that the local buckling of the tubes was effectively delayed by the stiffeners. The plate buckling initially occurred when the maximum load had almost reached for stiffened specimens, thus they had higher serviceability benefits compared to those of unstiffened ones. Some of the existing design codes were used to predict the load-carrying capacities of the tested composite columns.     

轴向往复荷载作用下钢管混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

为了探究斜交网格结构体系中外筒斜柱的破坏机制,对8个钢管混凝土柱和2个钢管柱试件进行了轴向往复加载试验,研究加载路径、长径比、混凝土强度和含钢率对其抗震性能的影响,分析了钢管混凝土柱的破坏机制、破坏形态和滞回性能,并讨论了钢管与混凝土间的相互作用。结果表明：轴向往复荷载下钢管混凝土柱的破坏均由钢管断裂引起,核心混凝土整体保持完好,只在钢管屈曲处存在混凝土压碎现象;相比于空钢管柱,钢管混凝土柱受拉时混凝土对钢管的支撑作用,以及受压时钢管对混凝土的约束作用,保证了其具有更高的承载力、变形能力和耗能能力;钢管混凝土柱在轴压和轴拉荷载下的抗震性能存在显著差别,在轴拉荷载下具有更好的延性和耗能能力,而在轴压荷载下具有更高的承载力和刚度。钢管混凝土柱屈服后钢管对混凝土的约束作用持续增强,并当钢管纵向应变达到8×10^-3时,不同参数对其约束效应的影响达到最大。     

加劲薄壁钢管混凝土柱的试验性能

对加劲薄壁钢管混凝土柱的结构性能进行试验研究。通过在钢管内表面焊接纵向加劲肋实现加强的作用。同时对12个不带加劲肋的钢管混凝土柱进行试验,部分柱的填充混凝土中加有钢纤维。试验结果表明,加劲肋可以有效延迟钢管局部屈曲现象的出现。当加劲构件达到最大承载量时钢板才出现屈曲,所以相比普通钢管混凝土,加劲钢管混凝土具有更高的适用性。     

劲化方形截面钢管混凝土短柱轴压试验研究

采用劲化方形截面钢管混凝土柱可以有效地提高柱钢管壁的侧向刚度,增强其抵抗局部屈曲的能力和改善对核心混凝土的约束作用。通过普通方形截面钢管混凝土柱和劲化方形截面钢管混凝土短柱的轴压试验,对柱的轴压破坏形态、轴力-变形特征、钢管应变等进行了分析。结果表明：劲化带的设置使钢管壁对核心混凝土的约束作用更趋均匀,改变了钢管的局部屈曲变形状态,明显提高了方形截面钢管混凝土柱的轴压承载力和变形能力。根据劲化方形截面钢管混凝土短柱的受力分析,提出了轴压承载力计算式,计算结果和试验结果吻合良好。     

开孔钢板加劲的矩形钢管钢纤维高强混凝土柱轴压试验研究

为探明加劲肋类型、开孔钢板（PBL）开孔间距、钢纤维体积掺量、混凝土强度等级等对矩形钢管钢纤维高强混凝土（SFRHC）柱轴压破坏模式的影响规律,对10根柱进行了轴压性能试验,得到了其荷载-压缩变形曲线、位移延性系数、耗能指标和破坏模式。研究结果表明：与PBL加劲试件相比,钢板加劲试件和未加劲试件的位移延性系数分别降低11.9%和10.4%,耗能指标分别降低8.3%和5.6%, PBL加劲肋能有效加强钢管与核心混凝土的组合作用。掺入体积率为0.8%钢纤维的PBL加劲试件,其位移延性系数和耗能指标分别提高12.5%和42.3%,钢纤维体积率为0.8%~1.2%时,试件位移延性系数和耗能指标明显提高。加劲SFRHC柱为肋间管壁局部外鼓破坏,PBL加劲柱的破坏位置均位于PBL开孔处,未加劲SFRHC柱为管壁外鼓破坏,对应钢板屈曲处核心混凝土表现为压碎破坏,钢纤维被整体拔出;加劲SFRHC柱沿高度方向破坏位置明显下移,钢板加劲肋和PBL加劲肋均能有效分担轴向荷载。     

带肋薄壁方钢管混凝土轴压短柱设计探讨

薄壁方钢管混凝土能取得较好的经济效果,适宜在结构中用作柱构件。但薄壁钢管在荷载较大时易发生局部屈曲,且降低对混凝土的约束。研究表明,在钢管纵向设置加劲肋可有效延缓管壁局部屈曲,改善构件工作性能。针对该新型方钢管混凝土轴压短柱,探讨子板件最大宽厚比及加劲肋的最小刚度确定方法。最后利用国内外常用的钢管混凝土设计规范对已有充分加劲的试验构件进行承载力计算,通过分析比较确定这些规范计算公式的适用性,供工程实践参考。     

Fire performance of stiffened concrete filled double skin steel tubular columns

A major deficiency of the concrete-filled double skin steel tube (CFDST) columns in fire exposure is the inadequate steel-concrete interface bonding leading to separating concrete and steel surfaces at elevated temperatures and triggering buckling failure of the columns. To improve interface interaction as well as postpone overall buckling, it is proposed in this study to use longitudinal steel stiffeners in CFDST columns. Different patterns of stiffeners including six, four and two number of stiffeners embedded in the interior or exterior surfaces of the inner or outer tubes are considered in the analysis. A sequentially-coupled thermal-stress analysis procedure is conducted to evaluate the effects of different patterns of stiffeners on the fire performance of these columns. One of the novelties of the current study is the incorporation of the confinement effects of both inner and outer tubes on the compressive strength of concrete at elevated temperatures which gives a realistic prediction of the fire resistance behavior of the CFDST columns. From the results, it is found that among the different patterns studied, stiffeners embedded in the exterior surface of the inner tubes or interior surface of the outer tubes enhancing steel-concrete interface interaction have a determinant role in much-improving fire endurance of the columns. With increase in the load ratio fire resistance of the specimens decreases drastically. The stiffeners strength and concrete strength have minimal effect on the fire performance of the stiffened CFDST columns. The conclusions, drawn from this study, can in turn, lead to the suggestion of some guidelines for the design of CFDST columns.     

Strength and ductility of stiffened thin-walled hollow steel structural stub columns filled with concrete

It is generally expected that inner-welded longitudinal stiffeners can be used to improve the structural performance of thin-walled hollow steel structural stub columns filled with concrete. Thirty-six specimens, including 30 stiffened stub columns and six unstiffened ones, were tested to investigate the improvement of ductile behaviour of such stiffened composite stub columns with various methods. The involved methods include increasing stiffener height, increasing stiffener number on each tube face, using saw-shaped stiffeners, welding binding or anchor bars on stiffeners, and adding steel fibres to concrete. It has been found that adding steel fibres to concrete is the most effective method in enhancing the ductility capacity, while the construction cost and difficulty will not be increased significantly.     

内置钢板深梁剪力墙抗震性能试验研究

内置钢板深梁剪力墙是由钢管混凝土柱、柱间钢板深梁、混凝土墙体及其连接构件组成。对5个1/5缩尺的该组合剪力墙模型进行了低周反复荷载试验。试验分两阶段进行,第一阶段试验研究位移角小于1/50试件的抗震性能,第二阶段试验研究第一阶段损伤试件修复后的抗震性能,修复采用剪力墙边框钢管间两侧贴焊薄钢板的方法。分析了各试件修复前后的破坏特征、滞回特性、承载力、刚度退化、位移延性、耗能性能。结果表明：内置钢板深梁剪力墙的钢管混凝土柱、钢板深梁、混凝土墙体及连接构件相互作用,协同受力,具有良好的抗震性能;变形特征具有阶段性,在混凝土和部件连接界面损伤前与整体剪力墙变形接近,在连接界面损伤滑移后与带竖缝剪力墙接近。     

变截面钢管混凝土格构柱抗震性能试验研究

为研究变截面钢管混凝土格构柱的抗震性能,以缀管布置形式和柱肢倾斜度为试验参数,对7根变截面钢管混凝土格构柱进行了水平低周反复荷载试验,分析了该类柱的破坏模式、滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性、耗能、承载力退化、刚度退化和变形恢复等。研究结果表明：变截面钢管混凝土格构柱试件的破坏形态基本相同,均为整体压弯破坏;滞回曲线较饱满无明显捏缩,具有良好的抗震性能;随着柱肢倾斜度的增大,格构柱的水平承载力和耗能能力有一定程度提高,刚度退化率略有增加。缀管布置形式对格构柱位移延性的影响较大;与平缀管式钢管混凝土格构柱相比,斜缀管式钢管混凝土格构柱的初始刚度和水平峰值荷载明显增大,耗能能力略有降低,承载力退化更为明显。     

带肋方钢管混凝土轴压短柱试验研究及有限元分析

以方钢管宽厚比和加劲肋高厚比为主要变化参数,进行了14个带肋方钢管混凝土轴压短柱试验研究;同时采用有限元软件ABAQUS对带肋方钢管混凝土轴压短柱的荷载-变形关系进行了计算,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好。同时从应力-应变关系、核心混凝土和钢管的纵向应力分布及其相互作用等方面对比分析了无肋、单肋和双肋方钢管混凝土轴压短柱的受力性能。分析结果表明：设置加劲肋不仅提高了核心混凝土的纵向应力,而且明显减小了钢管管壁的拉应力区范围,改善了管壁的稳定性;带肋试件的约束作用主要集中在钢管角部和加劲肋处,随着每边加劲肋数量的增加,角部约束力明显增大。图13表1参11     

大直径钢管混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究及承载力计算

为研究径厚比对大直径钢管混凝土柱抗震性能的影响，进行了2个直径600mm圆钢管混凝土柱试件在恒定轴向压力和水平往复荷载作用下的加载试验，对比分析了不同径厚比(分别为37.5、50.0)试件的破坏形态、滞回特性、钢管应变发展规律以及核心配筋的受力情况。试验结果表明：大直径钢管混凝土柱在压弯荷载作用下，滞回曲线非常饱满，耗能性能优越，均表现出良好的变形能力。随着试件径厚比加大，最大位移角与等效阻尼比均略有减小。柱根部混凝土压溃、钢管鼓曲主要发生在支座底板与下部第一排栓钉之间，栓钉对管壁面外变形具有明显的约束作用；当径厚比较小时，钢管管壁对混凝土的约束作用较强，残余变形较小。核心纵向钢筋基本处于弹性状态，箍筋未屈服，对内部混凝土的约束作用较小，但钢筋与混凝土之间存在明显的滑移现象。大直径钢管混凝土压弯构件的受弯承载力试验值显著高于按照我国现行相关规范、规程公式得到的计算值，说明采用我国现行相关技术规范中的承载力计算公式进行大直径钢管混凝土柱设计，结果偏于安全。     

焊接组合方钢管柱的结构性能

焊接方钢管由4块L型的薄钢板电弧焊而成。当被用于CFST柱的时候,在混凝土中心位置和钢管内设置加劲肋防止局部屈曲。由于钢管约束混凝土,提高了结构承载力。介绍了如何制作焊接组合方钢管柱,并计算焊接组合方钢管和CFST柱的结构承载力。制作了15个采用不同钢管形式(焊接组合方钢管和一般钢管)、不同宽厚比(B/t=50,58,67)和不同混凝土强度(Fck=10,40MPa)的足尺试件用于试验,以确定焊接组合方钢管柱的拼接效能和结构优越性。     

斜向受力十字形钢管混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

为研究十字形钢管混凝土柱在斜向受力下的抗震性能,以加载角度(0°和45°)、混凝土强度等级(C50和C70)、轴压比(0、0.25和0.5)以及是否设置加劲肋为试验参数,进行了9根十字形钢管混凝土柱在往复荷载作用下的试验研究,获得了柱的破坏形态、水平荷载-位移滞回曲线、骨架曲线、延性、累积耗能、变形等特性,分析了不同参数对柱抗震性能的影响规律。并建立了十字形钢管混凝土柱的有限元模型,有限元分析结果与试验结果吻合良好。试验结果表明:十字形钢管混凝土柱具有较好的滞回性能,所有柱的位移延性系数均高于3.5;轴压比对十字形钢管混凝土柱的抗震性能影响较大,轴压比越大,柱承载力越低,刚度退化越快,延性和耗能能力也越差;随着混凝土强度的增加,柱承载力增加,轴压比较大时,混凝土强度越高,延性下降越明显;内部间断焊接加劲肋的柱比未设置加劲肋柱的承载力提高约8%,但延性和耗能能力提高不大;加载角度为45°柱的滞回性能稍优于0°的柱。     

外包薄壁钢管加固受火后混凝土柱的抗震性能

通过2根未受火钢筋混凝土柱、2根受火后未加固钢筋混凝土柱和10根外包薄壁钢管加固受火后钢筋混凝土柱的拟静力试验,考察了轴压比、剪跨比、钢管厚度及加固方式等参数对外包薄壁钢管加固受火后混凝土柱抗震性能的影响情况,建议了外包薄壁钢管加固受火后混凝土柱受剪承载力的计算公式。结果表明：薄壁钢管加固可显著提高受火后混凝土柱的受剪承载力、极限变形和累计滞回耗能,且加固后试件的割线刚度与未受火试件相比相差较小。受火后剪跨比为1.78和3.0的混凝土柱加固后的承载力分别比相应的未加固柱的承载力提高了41.8%~47.0%和38.5%~74.4%。轴压比对加固后试件的受剪承载力、刚度、耗能能力和延性影响较大,对极限变形影响较小。薄壁钢管厚度对加固后试件的耗能能力影响较大,对受剪承载力影响较小。薄壁钢管根部焊接角钢并用螺栓锚固的方式可提高加固效果。     

Experimental Study and Confinement Analysis on RC Stub Columns Strengthened with Circular CFST Under Axial Load

As the excellent mechanical performance and easy construction of concrete filled steel tubes (CFST) composite structure, it has the potential to be used to strengthen RC pier columns. Therefore, tests were conducted on 2 reinforcement concrete (RC) stub columns and 9 RC columns strengthened with circular CFST under axial loading. The test results show that the circular CFST strengthening method is effective since the mean bearing capacity of the RC columns is increased at least 3.69 times and the ductility index is significantly improved more than 30%. One of the reasons for enhancement is obvious confinement provided by steel tube besides the additional bearing capacity supplied by the strengthening materials. From the analysis of the enhancement ratio, the strengthening structure has at least an extra 20% amplification except for taking full advantage of the strength of the strengthening material. Through the analysis of confining stress provided by steel tube and the stress–strain relationship of confined concrete, it is found that the strength of the core concrete can be increased by 21–33% and the ultimate strain can be enhanced to beyond 15,000 με.