孤岛工作面窄煤柱沿空掘巷围岩变形控制

基于淮南矿区某矿17238孤岛工作面回风平巷具体地质条件,采用FLAC3D数值模拟软件对孤岛面沿空掘巷超前支承压力分布特征进行了分析.结果表明:孤岛工作面沿空掘巷的超前支承压力最大峰值明显大于常规工作面沿空掘巷,应力集中系数是常规工作面沿空掘巷的1.84倍.为研究沿空掘巷顶板"小结构"的稳定性,构建了孤岛面窄煤柱沿空掘巷围岩结构力学模型,揭示了孤岛面窄煤柱沿空掘巷围岩控制机理,提出了具有针对性的围岩变形控制对策.现场工程实践应用表明:巷道采用重新优化设计后的支护方案效果较好,巷道两帮及顶底板相对变形量与优化前相比分别减少约55%及50%,孤岛面窄煤柱沿空掘巷围岩变形得到有效控制.     

窄煤柱沿空掘巷巷道围岩变形影响因素及非对称支护技术研究

为确定窄煤柱沿空掘巷巷道围岩变形影响因素和围岩控制方案,以晋能控股集团煤业集团有限公司隆博煤业有限公司8507工作面回风巷为工程背景,基于正交试验和FLAC3D数值模拟试验对沿空掘巷巷道围岩变形影响因素、不同条件下巷道围岩变形特征、4～10 m不同宽度煤柱的塑形区破坏范围、巷道围岩应力分布和顶板位移特征进行研究.结果表明:在煤柱宽度、煤体内聚力、煤体内摩擦角、直接顶厚度和顶板强度5种影响因素中,煤柱宽度对巷道围岩变形影响最显著;随煤柱宽度增加,巷道围岩塑性区破坏和变形主要表现在窄煤柱帮、顶板、底板和实体煤侧等部位,塑性区范围变化较小;合理的煤柱留设宽度为8m;巷道围岩变形为非对称性变形,煤柱侧巷道顶板和帮部变形显著大于工作面开采侧的.根据窄煤柱沿空掘巷巷道围岩变形特征,提出"顶板和两帮锚网索+钢带、窄煤柱帮贴帮槽钢梁+注浆加固补强"的非对称支护方案.现场工业性试验结果表明,煤柱留设宽度和支护方案合理,巷道变形后能够满足工作面开采需要.研究结果可为类似地质条件下窄煤柱沿空掘巷巷道围岩控制提供参考依据.     

孤岛工作面沿空掘巷煤柱宽度及其加固技术研究

为得到顾桥煤矿首个孤岛工作面1116（1）沿空掘巷小煤柱合理宽度及其加固技术,结合巷道自身维护特点,采用FLAC数值分析软件,制定6种模拟方案,深入分析了煤柱宽度及其加固形式对小煤柱稳定性影响．结果表明,1116（1）工作面沿空掘巷合理煤柱宽度为8m,锚索梁、喷注浆加固小煤柱的强化控制技术,能够有效控制小煤柱的变形,保障小煤柱安全稳定．研究成果在实践中成功应用,对淮南矿区类似巷道围岩稳定性控制具有重要的借鉴意义．     

沿空掘巷卸压支护技术研究

根据凤凰山煤矿现场实际情况 ,在矿压观测的基础上 ,分析了沿空巷围岩变形及支架载荷特征 ,结合卸压支护的维护原则 ,阐述了围岩蠕变卸压支护方式的原理 ,成功地在2 32 2工作面回风巷进行沿空掘巷卸压支护 ,实现了该巷道在服务期限内无维修 ,节约了维护费用 ,减少了优质煤炭资源的损失 ,提高了煤炭资源回采率和矿井的经济效益 .该种支护方式工艺简单、费用低、便于推广 .     

沿空掘巷卸压支护技术研究

根据凤凰山煤矿现场实际情况,在矿压观测的基础上,分析了沿空巷围岩变形及支架载荷特征,结合卸压支护的维护原则,阐述了围岩蠕变卸压支护方式的原理,成功地在2322工作面回风巷进行沿空掘巷卸压支护,实现了该巷道在服务期限内无维修,节约了维护费用,减少了优质煤炭资源的损失,提高了煤炭资源回采率和矿井的经济效益．该种支护方式工艺简单、费用低、便于推广．     

沿空掘巷围岩变形特性

一般认为沿空掘巷掘进期间的围岩变形可分为减速和稳定变形两个阶段，实际观测发现，上述两阶段之前尚有一加速变形阶段，加速阶段的长短取决于应力与长期强度的经，它体现了围岩变形的剧烈程度，可作为衡量巷道稳定的一项综合指标。沿空掘巷有一些特有的技术因素影响其围岩变形。本文给出了沿空掘巷围岩变形的表达方式，并认为用长期强度理论说明和处理岩石变形，破坏问题，更具有一生和更符合工程实际。     

变宽沿空窄煤柱巷道围岩变形机理及控制技术研究

针对苏村煤业150101工作面回风巷掘进期间巷道围岩严重变形的情况,采用数值模拟、理论分析等方法对巷道变形破坏特征和破坏机理进行了分析。结果表明:护巷煤柱宽度不同,对沿空巷道围岩的应力分布及变形有较大影响,过大和过小的煤柱尺寸均不利于巷道围岩的稳定;苏村煤业150101工作面回风巷合理的煤柱宽度为5~6 m。在此基础上,结合合理的煤柱留设宽度,提出了变宽沿空窄煤柱巷道分段围岩稳定控制技术,对不同煤柱宽度进行分段,针对各个分段特征进行不同强度的支护。工业性试验结果表明,采用分段支护技术后,各分段沿空巷道围岩变形获得很好的控制效果,在类似地质条件下可以推广应用。     

深井综放沿空掘巷合理支护形式研究

为了给深井综放沿空掘巷的支护选型和参数设计提供指导与依据,首先从结构力学的角度对目前综放沿空掘巷常用的工字钢棚和锚网梁(索)2种支护形式的作用机理进行了分析,然后通过实验室物理模拟试验研究了上述2种支护形式的作用效果,并且从关键承载层与次生承载层的相互关系分析了锚索的支护作用.结果显示,锚网梁(索)支护能很好地适应深井综放沿空掘巷的变形特点与维护要求,是理想的支护形式;顶板锚索的作用主要是将锚杆锚固形成的次生承载层与深部关键承载层连接起来,大大增强围岩稳定性.     

特厚煤层综放工作面沿空掘巷小煤柱合理宽度留设研究

为了研究特厚煤层综放工作面沿空掘巷小煤柱合理留设宽度,以麻家梁矿14203-1胶带运输巷为研究对象,通过理论计算和数值模拟研究,得到麻家梁矿14204采空区稳定后侧向支承应力降低区范围,为0～12 m,并分析3,5,7,9,11 m等不同煤柱宽度下煤柱塑性区分布和垂直应力分布特征.结果表明:煤柱宽度小于7m时,煤柱全部...     

窄煤柱工作面沿空留巷围岩大变形控制技术及应用

针对窄煤柱工作面沿空留巷巷旁支护体参数不合理和围岩严重变形等问题,研究了不同巷旁支护体宽度、强度和充填率对窄煤柱工作面沿空留巷围岩变形破坏的影响。研究结果表明:充填体宽度、强度和充填率不同,对窄煤柱工作面沿空留巷围岩应力分布及变形有很大影响;充填体宽度、强度和充填率过低时充填体承载能力较小,沿空留巷围岩变形量较大;过高时顶板下沉量减小不明显,使成本增加;充填体宽度2 m,强度为30 MPa,充填率95%以上,可保证沿空留巷围岩稳定;提出的"巷内锚网索+巷旁充填柔模混凝土墙+单体柱+基本底注浆"联合支护技术,控制了沿空留巷围岩的大变形。工业性试验结果表明:沿空留巷顶底板移近量最大值600 mm,两帮移近量最大值为435 mm,分别是原方案变形量的55. 5%和51. 6%,沿空留巷围岩变形得到有效控制,能满足通风和安全生产的要求。     

Surrounding rock control of gob-side entry driving with narrow coal pillar and roadway side sealing technology in Yangliu Coal Mine

Gob-side entry driving can increase coal recovery ratio, and it is implied in many coal mines. Based on geological condition of 10416 working face tailentry in Yangliu Coal Mine, the surrounding rock deformation characteristics of gob-side entry driving with narrow coal pillar is analysed, reasonable size of coal pillar and reasonable roadway excavation time after mining are achieved. Surrounding rock control technology and effective roadway side sealing technology are proposed and are taken into field practice. The results showed that a safer and more efficient mining of working face can be achieved. In addition, results of this paper also have important theoretical significance and valuable reference for surrounding rock control technology of gob-side entry driving with narrow coal pillar under special geological condition.     

综采面邻空煤柱漏风微循环现象研究

针对综采面"采场-邻空煤柱-采空区"间的漏风微循环现象,利用MATLAB中的PDE工具进行二维非线性渗流的数值模拟,同时分析研究漏风微循环现象形成的原因,以及漏风微循环对煤炭自燃的影响。研究表明,"采场-邻空煤柱-采空区"间的漏风微循环可以导致采空区内相对压力和气体成分的周期性变化,即"采空区喘息"现象。     

综采放顶煤面沿空巷道合理位置确定

用理论分析了数值计算方法研究了综采放顶煤面沿空巷道的转岩稳定性,分析了影响掘巷位置的几个因素－老顶岩层垮落特征、直接顶和煤体变形特点及采空侧支承压力分丰规律,提出了沿这巷道的合理位置。研究成果应用于兴隆庄煤矿５３１８综采放顶煤面沿空巷道 锚杆支护。并取得了成功。     

A novel coating technology for fast sealing of air leakage in underground coal mines

Air leakage in underground coal mines presents a serious hazard for coal production and the safety of miners. Coating technology is commonly used as an efficient means for preventing air leakage. To address existing problems with high dust concentrations in large operations involving complex processes and the high cost of traditional coating technology, a novel coating technology that ensures intrinsic safety by utilizing water pressure and wind pressure was developed. This new coating technology was designed to suction and spray, and the technical parameters of its spray performance was also studied. The experimental tests and evaluation indicated the optimum working range is 0.3–0.7 MPa of wind pressure,1.2–10.2 L/min of water quantity, and 1.0–3.5 m of spraying distance. Moreover, this novel coating technology was tested in the Dashuitou Coal Mine in Gansu Province of China. Compared with conventional counterparts, the proposed new technology is safe, efficient, and convenient to operate. During spraying,dust concentrations were kept at less than 10 mg/m3, and the average rebound ratio resilient rate of solid materials was below 13%. After spraying, the average leakage every 100 m was 4 m3/min, and the oxygen volume fraction in the adjacent goaf was approximately 4%, demonstrating excellent air leakage prevention.     

深部条带开采下沉系数与采厚关系的数值模拟

以峰峰万年矿的地质采矿条件为原型,利用FLAC3D数值模拟软件,建立了深部大采宽条带开采数值模拟模型,对开采厚度与下沉系数的关系进行了研究.结果表明：在采深和采出率等条件相同的情况下,地表下沉值和水平移动值均随采厚的增加而增大,而下沉系数随采厚的增加以非线性关系逐渐减少.下沉系数与开采厚度关系的确立,对深部大采宽条带开采地表移动变形预计及优化设计具有指导作用.     

深部条带开采下沉系数与采厚关系的数值模拟

以峰峰万年矿的地质采矿条件为原型,利用FLAC3D数值模拟软件,建立了深部大采宽条带开采数值模拟模型,对开采厚度与下沉系数的关系进行了研究.结果表明:在采深和采出率等条件相同的情况下,地表下沉值和水平移动值均随采厚的增加而增大,而下沉系数随采厚的增加以非线性关系逐渐减少.下沉系数与开采厚度关系的确立,对深部大采宽条带开采地表移动变形预计及优化设计具有指导作用.     

Failure laws of narrow pillar and asymmetric control technique of gob-side entry driving in island coal face

In allusion to the problems of complex stress distribution in the surrounding rock and deformation failure laws, as well as the difficulty in roadway supporting of the gob-side entry driving in the island coal face, 2107 face in Chengjiao Colliery is researched as an engineering case. Through physical mechanical test of rock, theoretical and numerical simulation analyses of rock, the analysis model of the roadway overlying strata structure was established, and its parameters quantified. To reveal the deformation law of the surrounding rock, the stability of the overlying strata structure was studied before, during and after the roadway driving. According to the field conditions, the stress distribution in coal pillar was quantified, and the surrounding rock deformation feature studied with different widths of the pillars in gob-side entry driving. Finally, the pillar width of 4 m was considered as the most reasonable. The research results show that there is great difference in support conditions among roadway roof, entity coal side and narrow pillar side. Besides, the asymmetric control technique for support of the surrounding rock was proposed. The asymmetric control technique was proved to be reasonable by field monitoring, support by bolt-net, steel ladder and steel wire truss used in narrow pillar side.     

Numerical investigation into the effect of backfilling on coal pillar strength in highwall mining

This paper attempts to quantify the effect of backfilling on pillar strength in highwall mining using numerical modelling. Calibration against the new empirical strength formula for highwall mining was conducted to obtain the material parameters used in the numerical modelling. With the obtained coal strength parameters, three sets of backfill properties were investigated. The results reveal that the behavior of pillars varies with the type and amount of backfill as well as the pillar width to mining height ratio(w/h). In case of cohesive backfill, generally 75% backfill shows a significant increase in peak strength, and the increase in peak strength is more pronounced for the pillars having lower w/h ratios. In case of noncohesive backfill, the changes in both the peak and residual strengths with up to 92% backfill are negligible while the residual strength constantly increases after reaching the peak strength only when 100%backfill is placed. Based on the modelling results, different backfilling strategies should be considered on a case by case basis depending on the type of backfill available and desired pillar dimension.