Fenton污泥制备聚合硫酸铁的中试试验研究

以广州造纸集团有限公司经Fenton法处理废水后的污泥为原料,采用酸浸还原回收Fenton污泥中的Fe,进一步制备高效絮凝剂聚合硫酸铁(PFS)。研究表明,Fenton污泥自然沉降至固含量8%～9%时,先用硫酸中和反应2 h,再加铁屑还原反应2 h,可制备质量分数为25. 0%～26. 7%的硫酸亚铁(FeSO_4)溶液;该溶液经氯酸钠氧化,成功制备出盐基度为10. 8%的聚合硫酸铁(PFS)。并初步评价了所制备的PFS对广州造纸集团有限公司废水处理系统厌氧出水的絮凝效果。结果表明,当PFS用量为5 mL/L时,出水COD_(Cr)可降至260 mg/L,COD_(Cr)去除率达71. 0%。     

丙烯腈接枝交联淀粉的制备及其铬(Ⅵ)离子清除效果

以玉米淀粉为原料,环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,制备交联玉米淀粉。此后,再以FeSO4-H2O2为引发剂,丙烯腈作为接枝单体制备丙烯腈接枝交联淀粉,并研究其铬(Ⅵ)离子清除效果。结果表明,10 g交联玉米淀粉、丙烯腈用量10 mL、引发剂用量4 mL、接枝时间1.5 h、反应温度40℃,此条件下接枝效率可达83.72%,接枝率为116.39%,所得丙烯腈接枝交联淀粉对铬(Ⅵ)离子的清除率可达80%左右。     

高活性α-生育酚的制备

介绍了用羟甲基化—还原法制备d-α-生育酚的试验结果，并讨论了各实验因素对实验结果的影响。经优化后得到优化的工艺条件为（原料30g）：反应温度200℃，多聚甲醛用量为14g，催化剂钯的用量为原料重的7％，反应时间6h，醋酸用量为1.4mL。实验结果为：d-α-生育酚含量90．62％、VE得率为91．68％，经制备后的d-α-生育酚通过理化性质检测确认结构与天然d-α-生育酚相同。     

用改进的羟甲基化-还原法制备d-α-生育酚

介绍了用改进的羟甲基化一还原法制备d-α-生育酚的试验结果。经优化后得到的工艺条件为(原料20g)：第一、第二阶段反应时间分别为70min、90min，多聚甲醛用量分别为10．0g、14．0g，催化剂用量为原料重的7．0％、反应温度同取200℃、反应氢的压力同取4．5MPa、醋酸用量1．4mL。试验结果为：α-生育酚含量95．51％、VE得率91．08％，经制备后的α-生育酚通过理化性质检测确认结构与天然d-α-生育酚相同。     

双氧水干法氧化对淀粉凝沉性的影响

以玉米淀粉为原料,H2O2为氧化剂,FeSO4为催化剂,采用新型变性淀粉干法反应器制备氧化淀粉。通过单因素和正交试验研究了FeSO4添加量、双氧水添加量、含水率以及反应温度等因素对氧化淀粉凝沉性的影响。结果表明,最佳反应条件为:水分质量分数为30%,反应温度为55℃,双氧水添加量为5%,FeSO4质量分数为0.02%,在该条件下制备氧化淀粉不仅可显著提高淀粉的羧基含量和抗凝沉性,且双氧水易分解、分解后无残留,制备的氧化淀粉无需水洗。该法是一种流程短、能耗低、环保的新型氧化淀粉生产方法。     

焦糖色素实验室制备工艺研究

本实验旨在探讨制备品质较好的焦糖色素的工艺参数。在制备过程中，以工业纯的葡萄糖作为原料，以无机氨为催化剂，控制其反应过程中的实验条件，制备焦糖色素。本实验采用正交实验的方式控制实验条件，以催化剂的添加量、反应温度、反应时间、pH值为实验因素，每因素设置3水平，采用3^4正交表安排实验。以焦糖色素色率和其它理化指标作为正交试验考察的指标。结果表明：催化剂的添加量、反应温度、反应时间、pH值对试验结果的影响依次递减。制得色率最好的试验条件是催化剂的添加量为1．5g、反应温度为160℃、反应时间为48min、pH值为7．0。     

正交试验法优化马铃薯氧化淀粉制备工艺

使用正交试验法优化马铃薯氧化淀粉制备工艺,以马铃薯淀粉为原料,FeSO4为催化剂,H2O2为氧化剂干法制备氧化淀粉,并以羧基含量为评价指标,分别考察反应时间、反应温度、氧化剂用量、催化剂用量、体系含水量等因素对马铃薯淀粉氧化反应影响。得到最优工艺条件为:反应时间3.5h、反应温度60℃、FeSO4在淀粉中质量分数0.025%、H2O2与淀粉摩尔比0.285、反应体系含水量24.000%,在此条件下制得马铃薯氧化淀粉羧基含量为0.530%。     

用蛋壳灰分制备乳酸钙的研究

以蛋壳为原料制备乳酸钙,通过正交实验考查了各因素对该反应的影响,并得出了最佳条件:3g蛋壳粉加40mL水,再加入6mol/L的乳酸30mL、反应温度60℃、反应时间1h,产率可达95％以上。     

麦草浆蒸煮黑液木素制备活性炭

以麦草浆蒸煮黑液中木素为原料，采用正交实验方法，探讨了活化时间、活化温度、磷料比对制备活性炭性能的影响和最佳工艺条件。结果表明，麦草浆蒸煮黑液中木素可以作为制备活性炭的优良原料，最佳制备工艺条件为：温度600％、磷料比3．5：1、活化时间70min；制备的活性炭亚甲基蓝吸附值可达16．3mL／0．1g，为活性炭国家一级品标准（LY216—79）的1．36倍。三因素对活性炭亚甲基蓝吸附能力影响顺序为：活化温度〉磷料比〉活化时间。     

醋酸淀粉合成的工艺研究

以冰醋酸和醋酸酐为混合酸，以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂制备醋酸淀粉。研究了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量、酸与酸酐的体积比等反应工艺条件不同对产物取代度的影响，得出工艺条件为：淀粉20g，醋酸酐33mL，冰乙酸26mL，催化剂对甲苯磺酸0．3g，反应温度85℃～90℃，反应时间为3h。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press