非离子表面活性剂对助焊剂润湿性能的影响

在软钎焊免清洗助焊剂中分别添加了3种不同含量的非离子表面活性剂:TritonX—100、Tween—20和PEG2000,得到了3组助焊剂。使用这3组助焊剂和Sn0.7Cu无铅钎料在纯铜板上进行了铺展测试。结果表明,添加TritonX—100和添加Tween—20的质量分数均为0.6%时,钎料的润湿角最小值分别为30.07°和29.70°,铺展面积最大值分别为56.67mm2和58.53mm2;添加PEG2000质量分数为0.3%时,钎料的润湿角最小值为26.70°,铺展面积最大值为66.88mm2,比未添加时增加26.9%。适量加入非离子表面活性剂能够改善助焊剂的润湿性,并提高无铅钎料的铺展能力。     

Sn-Zn-Al无铅钎料的助焊剂研究

Sn-Zn-Al三元合金是一种抗氧化性较好的钎料合金,润湿性不良是阻碍其应用的主要问题。通过铺展率测量来研究不同助焊剂对Sn-Zn-Al钎料的助焊性能。结果表明:在传统的松香助焊剂中添加环己胺氢溴酸盐或乙酰胺可以显著提高其活性,使Sn-Zn-Al钎料在铜片上的铺展率显著提高;当环己胺氢溴酸盐与乙酰胺以复配的形式混合加入时,其改善润湿性的效果进一步提高,二者的最佳质量比为1.0:1.5。使用复配助焊剂的焊点饱满光亮,接头平整,无明显缺陷,显示其对Sn-Zn-Al钎料具有良好的助焊效果。     

无铅松香芯焊锡丝中新型助焊剂的研制

通过扩展率实验对松香芯焊锡丝用助焊剂的成分及配比进行选择及优化,然后通过添加一种天然植物油(C油)对该优化过的助焊剂进行进一步改进,依据行业标准对制备的助焊剂进行了测试。结果表明,这款助焊剂不含卤素、无腐蚀性、表面绝缘电阻高(1.68×10~(11)Ω);无铅SnCu焊锡丝在使用这款助焊剂时,焊接效果好,松香飞溅值为0.3%,扩展率为75.9%。     

无VOC免清洗助焊剂焊后残留物的可靠性评价

为了研究焊后残留物的腐蚀性以及可能对PCB的电气绝缘性能造成的影响,通过表面绝缘电阻(Rs)试验和电化学迁移试验评价了三种不同固体含量的无VOC(挥发性有机物)免清洗助焊剂焊后残留物的可靠性。结果表明,使用w(固体含量)为3.6%的助焊剂,湿热试验后试件的Rs大幅下降,并且PCB表面腐蚀严重;而w(固体含量)为2.3%的助焊剂,则试件具有较高的Rs(6.4×109Ω),并且对PCB腐蚀性小。使用放大30倍的显微镜观察电化学迁移测试后的试件,均没有发现枝晶。     

无铅焊膏用无卤素松香型助焊剂的研制

通过筛选试验,调整溶剂、松香和活化剂的含量,确定助焊剂中主要成分的最佳配比。根据国标GB/T9491—2002,测试助焊剂的扩展率、腐蚀性及其他性能,并根据日本工业标准JISZ3198—4—2003进行润湿力测试。结果表明:当助焊剂中有机酸活化剂质量分数为9%、m(水白松香):m(聚合松香)为2:3时,助焊剂具有良好的物理稳定性和润湿性,平均扩展率最高能达到76.00%。焊后铜片无腐蚀,残留物少且成透明膜状。     

助焊剂残留对PCB的影响

论述了助焊剂残留物的来源、形成过程及其对PCB的影响;并从可靠性方面阐述了助焊剂残留物的判定方法和有效去除方式。     

成膜剂对低松香型助焊剂性能的影响

选用四种树脂作为成膜剂配制四种助焊剂,通过铺展性能和表面形貌评价助焊剂的性能。结果表明:季戊四醇脂成膜剂能在焊接温度下形成保护膜包覆焊点。改变助焊剂中季戊四醇脂成膜剂的含量,进行铺展性能、储存稳定性和其他性能测试,结果表明:成膜剂的添加有助于铺展面积的增加,当其质量分数为10%时,焊点铺展率到达稳定值约为86%;成膜剂的添加对助焊剂的存储稳定性影响较大,当其质量分数为15%时焊锡膏在常温下的保存时间可达到18 d;同时成膜剂的添加对助焊剂中不挥发物含量及焊后残留物影响较大。     

醇胺对免清洗焊芯用助焊剂性能的影响

通过添加醇胺制备免清洗焊芯用助焊剂,研究了两种醇胺及其复配对助焊剂性能的影响。结果表明:添加适当的醇胺有利于降低助焊剂体系酸值,提高焊接性能,减少对线路板的腐蚀,提高焊接可靠性。使用任意一种醇胺,质量分数在1.0%~1.5%时,助焊剂的焊接性能较好,但酸值不能满足免清洗助焊剂的要求。两种醇胺进行复配,质量分数均为1.0%~1.5%时,助焊剂的综合性能优良,用无铅焊锡丝SnAg3.0Cu0.5测定其焊接性能,扩展率为79%,酸值148 mgKOH/g,铜板腐蚀、绝缘电阻、电迁移等可靠性指标较好。     

树脂芯助焊剂性能研究

树脂芯助焊剂性能对焊接质量有重要影响,为了解影响其性能的因素,研究了溶剂、活化剂及表面活性剂等的种类和配比对助焊剂性能的影响。结果表明,使用复合溶剂,按w(胺盐)为16.1%,w(有机酸)为2.0%,w(表面活性剂)为0.5%可配制成综合性能优良的助焊剂,其扩展率为80%,w(卤素)为0.07。     

锡锌合金无铅电子钎料有机活化松香助焊剂

锡锌合金是很有潜力的无铅电子焊料合金,润湿性较差是其发展的主要障碍.研究发现:在传统乙醇松香助焊剂中添加质量分数为0.5%的DMA可显著提高其活性,使Sn-9Zn对铜的润湿力和润湿铺展面积都有显著提高;再加入适当比例的乙二胺可使其改善润湿性的效果进一步提高,并大大减轻助焊剂对Sn-9Zn合金的腐蚀性.     

Experimental Wettability Study of Lead-Free Solder on Cu Substrates Using Varying Flux and Temperature

The selection of soldering flux plays a critical role in promoting wetting and product reliability of printed circuit board assemblies. In this study, the effects of fluxes on the wetting characteristics of the Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu solder alloy on Cu substrates was researched by using various flux systems at different soldering temperatures. Because of the distinct characteristic of the lead-free solder—poor wettability—three kinds of fluxes [no-clean flux with high solid content (NCF), rosin mildly activated flux (RMA) and water-soluble flux (WSF)] were chosen for the wetting experiments. The wetting time and force were the evaluating indicators. The experimental observations indicated that the wettability clearly depended on the soldering temperature and flux system when using the same solder. Furthermore, the corrosion potential of flux residues was measured by surface insulation resistance (SIR) testing. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to determine the contents of the flux residues and corrosion products.     

无银无铅焊料用免清洗助焊剂研制

为了克服现有助焊剂在用于无银无铅焊料时存在的润湿性差、保护不良的缺点,通过对不同无卤素活性增强剂、复合溶剂的成分优化,结合绿色环保及无卤素的要求,设计合成了一种适用于Sn-0.7Cu-0.05Ni焊料用无卤素免洗助焊剂NHC-1,并对其主要性能进行测试。结果表明,NHC-1助焊剂润湿优良,焊点光亮,焊前及焊后对PCB板均无腐蚀性,满足IPC J-STD-004A的各项指标要求。     

Influence of the surface treatment of PEDOT:PSS layer with high boiling point solvent on the performance of inverted planar perovskite solar cells

Since perovskite precursor solution is typically prepared from high boiling point solvents, understanding the effect of high boiling point solvent treatment of the PEDOT:PSS layer on the performance of perovskite solar cells is important for device processing optimization. In this paper, influence of the surface treatment of the PEDOT:PSS layer with high boiling point solvent, including N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and ethylene glycol (EG), on the device performance of the perovskite solar cells was investigated. Increased conductivity was measured for the PEDOT:PSS film after solvent treatments, which was ascribed to the partial removal of PSS component from the PEDOT:PSS layer, as evidenced by the UV–vis absorption spectroscopy and XPS spectroscopy. In comparison with the reference cell, poorer device performance was obtained for the perovskite solar cells directly deposited on the solvent washed PEDOT:PSS film, which was ascribed to the increased pin hole density of the perovskite films. However, insertion of a thin PSSNa layer between the PEDOT:PSS layer and the perovskite layer greatly improved device performance, demonstrating that PSS-rich surface is favorite for the crystal growth of the perovskite film. Increased external quantum efficiency over 600–750 nm was measured for the cells based on solvent treated PEDOT:PSS layer, leading to a short circuit current and the consequent performance enhancement.     

Influence of flux on wetting behavior of lead-free solder balls during the infrared-reflow process

The effects of two different fluxes (A6 and B6) on the wetting performance of Sn-3.5Ag-0.5Cu lead-free solder balls were investigated during the reflow process. Solder ball wetting behavior in real time via an optical microscope coupled with a video recorder during the reflow process was studied. The lead-free solder balls started to melt and wet at 210°C by using A6, which is 8°C lower than the melting point (218°C) of the solder material used. The wetting performance of the lead-free solder ball was dramatically enhanced by using A6. The wettability test indicated that the height of the solder ball after the reflow process with flux A6 was significantly lower than that with B6. It was found that strong fluxing capability caused these phenomena.     

无铅焊锡丝用低含量改性松香型无卤助焊剂

针对现有无铅焊锡丝用助焊剂松香含量过高、含有卤素和残留过多等问题,研制了一种以DL-苹果酸等为主要活性剂组分,以有机溶剂和少量改性松香为载体的新型无铅焊锡丝用助焊剂。测试结果表明:本助焊剂不含卤素,焊后残留较少,表面绝缘电阻达3.6×108Ω,可焊性好,焊点光亮饱满,满足手工焊接的工艺要求。     

无铅电子封装Sn-Cu焊料润湿性试验研究

为了改善无铅焊料的润湿性,配置活性剂松香焊剂和无机物焊剂,研究了Sn-0.75 Cu焊料的润湿性.分析讨论了影响Sn-0.75 Cu焊料润湿性的主要因素,获得了焊剂和Sn-0.75 Cu焊料的最优匹配.在镀锡铜片上,5#焊剂匹配Sn-0.75 Cu焊料能够获得最佳的润湿性(润湿角为18°),已接近Sn-37 Pb焊料的润湿性.