煤制天然气自动控制解决方案

国家决定“十二五”期间将在煤制天然气板块安排重大示范项目。煤制天然气技术相对成熟且资源消耗量及污染较小,适合我国目前的资源整体特点。本文阐述了鲁奇气化工艺及甲烷化工艺的控制方案,为煤气化行业的自动化解决方案提供了参考。     

干煤粉气化装置中锁斗阀的设计

介绍了干煤粉气化装置对锁斗阀的要求。论述了锁斗阀的结构特点和材料选择。     

壳牌粉煤气化装置用阀结构类型与特性的分析

介绍了壳牌粉煤气化装置中进口特种阀的选型和应用。论述了特种阀国产化需注意的问题。     

Interpretation of coal gasification modeling in commercial process analysis simulation codes

The purpose of this study is to recognize modeling methods for coal combustion and gasification in commercial process analysis codes. Many users have appreciated the reliability of commercial process analysis simulation codes; however, it is necessary to understand the physical meaning and limitations of the modeling results. Modeling of coal gasification phenomena has been embodied in commercial process analysis simulators such as Aspen. Commercial code deals with modeling of the gasification system with a number of reactor blocks supported by the specific code, not as a coal gasifier. However, the primary purpose of using process analysis simulation code is to interpret the whole plant cycle rather than an individual unit such as a gasifier. Equilibrium models of a coal gasifier are generally adopted in the commercial codes, where the method of Gibbs free energy minimization of chemical species is applied at the given temperature and pressure. The equilibrium model of the coal gasifier, RGibbs, in commercial codes provides users with helpful information, such as exit syngas temperature, composition, flow rate, performance of coal gasifier model, etc. with various input and operating conditions. This simulation code is being used to generate simple and fast response of results. Limitations and uncertainties are interpreted in the view of the gasification process, chemical reaction, char reactivity, and reactor geometry. In addition, case studies are introduced with examples. Finally, a way to improve the coal gasifier model is indicated, and a kinetically modified model considering reaction rate is proposed.     

煤炭企业物质流分析的实证研究

在对煤炭企业生产流程详细分析的基础上,针对煤炭企业自身的特点,构建物质流分析的研究框架并且建立相应的评价指标体系.通过实证研究对上述方法进行说明,最后对煤炭企业内外部需要采取的措施提出相应的对策及建议.     

基于动态信号处理的煤粉浓度在线测量技术研究

提出了一种非接触式的煤粉浓度测量方法。将传统的频域分析和小波变换结合起来,根据信号的频谱特征,探讨煤粉浓度变化与气体单相流和气固两相流流动噪声信号的对应关系。并根据煤粉浓度测量的特性建立煤粉浓度测量试验台,研制出基于数字信号处理器DSP的数据采集和软件处理系统。     

国内煤气化技术现状

简要介绍煤气化技术的原理和种类,重点阐述国内煤气化技术的研究进展和工业应用现状,指出国内煤气化技术发展存在的问题及未来的发展方向。     

煤炭地下气化与相关产业开发研究

介绍了国内外煤炭地下气化的发展现状及煤炭地下气化的原理,对平煤集团公司一矿、二矿、四矿、三环、七星公司等矿井地下煤炭直接气化及相关产业开发可行性进行了分析。     

一种基于机器人自动化煤质分析系统的煤样微量添加与称量模块的特点与应用

本文主要介绍了一种基于机器人自动化煤质分析系统的煤样微量添加与称量模块的技术特点与主要功能,通过阐述机器人自动化煤质分析系统的研发背景来说明该模块研发的重要性及其应用前景,同时提出了需要进一步解决的一些技术问题,希望其不断得以完善,为工业快速发展服务。     

锁渣阀在水煤浆加压气化装置上的应用

介绍了锁渣阀在水煤浆加压气化装置上的使用要求,论述了几种进口锁渣阀的性能,分析了锁渣阀的国产化情况。     

选煤厂PLC应用系统设计选型浅析

以近几年实践经验为基础,对选煤厂基于PLC的控制系统进行了分析和研究,探讨了选煤行业PLC应用系统的设计选型原则,期望能推动行业自动化系统设计整体水平再上新台阶.     

On-line tracking of pulverized coal and biomass fuels through flame spectrum analysis

This paper presents a new approach to the on-line tracking of pulverized coal and biomass fuels through flame spectrum analysis.A flame detector containing four photodiodes is used to derive multiple signals covering a wide spectrum of the flame from visible,near-infrared and mid-infrared spectral bands as well as a part of far-infrared band.Different features are extracted in time and frequency domains to identify the dynamic ＂fingerprints＂ of the flame.Fuzzy logic inference techniques are employed to combine typical features together and infer the type of fuel being burnt.Four types of pulverized coal and five types of biomass are burnt on a laboratory-scale combustion test rig.Results obtained demonstrate that this approach is capable of tracking the type of fuel under steady combustion conditions.     

淤煤装载机螺旋滚筒的有限元分析

为了验证新型矿用水仓淤煤装载机螺旋滚筒传动的可靠性,应用有限元分析软件ANSYS对螺旋滚筒给料机构进行了刚度和强度分析,并根据分析的结果对螺旋滚筒的结构进行了优化设计,大大减轻了整个螺旋滚筒给料装置的总质量,提高了整机的使用性能.     

神经内模优化控制策略在配煤过程中的应用

采用径向基函数神经网络建立了配煤过程的非线性动态模型,并由此提出配合煤灰分的神经内模优化控制策略,设计了基于Modbus Plus网络技术的分布式控制系统。在选煤厂自动配煤系统的实际应用结果表明,该文提出的控制算法能有效地控制配合煤灰分。     

煤矿粉尘防治技术创新的思考

通过对目前国内煤矿井下综放、综掘工作面和地面洗选煤厂皮带走廊存在的粉尘防治问题及国外煤矿粉尘防治技术管理模式的探讨分析 ,提出了国内煤矿高产高效综放工作面粉尘防治技术的专题研究和粉尘防治技术方法创新的思路和建议     

Apparent versus true density for the volume-to-weight transformation in coal blends

This work reviews the procedures involved in the conversion of the petrographic characterization data of blended coals into weight percentages of the single coals in the blends, the selection of the most suitable parameter for describing the density of the coals being critical. First, the fundamentals of the volume-to-weight transformation of the petrographic data were developed by means of mathematical formulae. This part of the procedure highlighted the need to use a density value adapted to the resolving power of the optical microscope. It was found that mercury penetration at 5 MPa, as determined by mercury porosimetry, was best suited for this purpose. A literature survey of published coal density data revealed that the use of correlations between coal density and rank was not an accurate enough procedure to deal with the relatively low corrections involved in the transformation of petrographic data. In the end, three binary blends were prepared from six carefully selected coals and polished particulate blocks of these blends were petrographically analysed to determine their compositions on a volume per cent basis. The best fit of these volume percentages with the weight percentages used in the formulation of the blends was found for a density correction based on mercury penetration at 5 MPa, in agreement with the empirical analysis.     

GC-MS在内蒙褐煤型煤块低温煤焦油成分分析中的应用

采用蒸馏技术和GC-MS技术,对内蒙褐煤型煤块低温炭化产品低温煤焦油馏分进行了定性定量分析,分析结果表明:内蒙褐煤型煤块的低温煤焦油中≤340℃的馏分占焦油重量的82.88%;>340℃的为沥青,占焦油重量的17.02%。从≤340℃的馏分中定性定量出139种化合物,其中,烃类占焦油的34.38%,以脂肪族烷烃为主,烯烃、环烷烃占少量;酚类占焦油的12.01%,集中在210℃前的馏分;芳烃类占焦油的16.73%,以甲基、乙基、丙基丁基等多烷基苯的取代衍生物为主,分布在各个馏分中,萘和甲基萘的衍生物以及蒽、菲芳烃主要集中在300℃前得馏分;含氧和含氮及杂环化合物分别占焦油的4.61%,0.52%,2.23%。通过研究为褐煤低温焦油的深加工利用提供了基础数据,同时提供了分析褐煤型煤块干馏产生的低温焦油的方法。     

漳泽发电分公司煤量计量系统问题分析

分析了山西漳泽发电分公司所使用的皮带秤煤量计量系统在应用中发现的问题,并进行了原因分析,提出了处理方法。     

Microscopy of sclerotinites in the coal beds of the central part of the Appalachian coal field,U.S.A

Rodlets from fusain and carbominerite bands or lenses in bituminous coal beds of the central part of the Appalachian coal field in the eastern United States were studied in three dimensions using both light microscopy and scanning-electron microscopy (SEM). Infrared studies and chemical analyses complemented reflectance measurements. The rodlets are found strati-graphically from the Pocahontas no. 3 coal bed (Pocahontas Formation, Lower Pennsylvanian or Namurian B & C) to the Washington coal bed (Washington Formation, Lower Permian). The most common rodlets are noncellular, range in diameter from 60 to 440 μm, and, when polished, have the relief and high reflectances typical of the inertinite maceral group. They have characteristic notches, ovoid shapes, distinctive fracture patterns, dense (oxidized) rims, vesicles, cavities and canals, some of which contain minerals (tentatively identified by SEM semiquantitative X-ray and infrared analyses). Some rodlets show a cellular cast on their longitudinal surfaces. Due to different exposures in variously-oriented polished sections, this type of rodlet is classified as sclerotinite of the inertinite maceral group. Comparison of the sclerotinites from the central part of the Appalachian coal field with the fusinitized resin rodlets from coal and coal balls of the Illinois basin (Kosanke & Harrison, 1957) and with the ‘sclerotioids’ of the St Rose no. 5 coal of Nova Scotia indicates that they represent the same bodies. All are interpreted to be rodlets of resinous origin belonging to one or more of the genera of medullosan seed ferns of Carboniferous and Permian age. We suggest using the existing terms ‘resino-sclerotinite’ and ‘fungo-sclerotinite’ for two distinct maceral varieties of the inertinite maceral group because of their distinguishing properties and their different paleobotanical origins. Two types of cellular rodlets, woody splinters and sclerenchyma strands, are also documented in this study because of their close association with the resino-sclerotinites of the central part of the Appalachian coal field.     

ControlLogix在大型输煤控制系统中的应用

ControlLogix是Rockwell公司的第三代主流产品,具有可靠性高、指令集丰富、联网通讯能力强、I／O模板丰富、开放性好等优点,是一个真正的集成控制平台。它利用统一的编程软件和一个公共系统数据库,将顺序控制、过程控制、传动和运动控制集成在一个框架内。介绍了ControlLogix系统在输煤系统改造中的成功应用,使该输煤系统的自动化程度得到大幅度提高。