基于角色的车间人员绩效考核研究

员工绩效评价是企业改进人力资源管理工作的一个关键环节。针对制造业车间员工绩效考核的问题,在综合分析车间组织结构及员工职能范围的基础上,建立了基于角色的车间绩效考核模型,并以物料配送人员为例,应用层次分析法,给出了绩效考核的方法,为车间绩效评价提供了参考。     

基于角色的车间人员绩效考核研究

员工绩效评价是企业改进人力资源管理工作的一个关键环节。针对制造业车间员工绩效考核的问题,在综合分析车间组织结构及员工职能范围的基础上,建立了基于角色的车间绩效考核模型,并以物料配送人员为例,应用层次分析法,给出了绩效考核的方法,为车间绩效评价提供了参考。     

八二定律在锅炉制造企业人力资源管理中的应用

通过介绍八二定律（帕累托定律）函文的启迪,再针对企业人力资源管理中存在的八二现象,按照公平原则,区别对待两个群体,提出了在人力资源管理中应用八二定律的具体方法。即充分发挥20%的骨干作用,同时注重80%的集体效能,坚持＂以点带面、点面结合＂,形成以激励为主的动态评估制度,带动企业职工的整体素质大幅提高。本文的方法和结论对企业搞好人力资源管理和开发具有一定参考意义。     

高校教师作用边缘化的组织社会学分析

中心价值体系构成了社会组织的中心圈,中心价值最主要的特征就是对权力的态度。当前高校内部管理中出现的教师作用边缘化倾向实质上是大学组织的中心价值观出现了错位。高校的中心价值从对学术权力的尊崇变成了对行政权力的尊崇,现有的制度设计又强化了高校错位的中心价值观,为了获取资源和其他利益,迫使教师群体通过交易让渡学术权力。目前去行政化的关键在于通过重塑中心价值观,改变制度设计以消除教师作用边缘化倾向。     

模糊理论在液压系统故障诊断中的应用

通常液压系统的故障诊断大多是根据专家经验来进行的。但往往有些故障模糊不清,加上其诊断准确性受专家经验限制,系统故障误诊现象时有发生。本文应用模糊综合评价理论方法错容性好、评价方法简单等特点,对液压系统故障进行智能综合评价,达到可靠、高效评价的目的。     

绿色制造中刀具选择决策方案的模糊综合评价

绿色制造是目前制造业研究的热点问题之一。刀具的合理选择是提高切削加工的绿色化程度的重要途径之一。现已建立了一种集时间、品质、成本、能源消耗和环境影响等五大决策目标的面向绿色制造的刀具选择数学模型及评价体系;采用了模糊综合评价方法对模型进行了求解;结合选择一个面向绿色制造的齿轮滚刀的例子,对该决策模型的应用和求解进行了说明。     

Solving a new fuzzy multi-objective model for a multi-skilled manpower scheduling problem by particle swarm optimization and elite tabu search

Manpower scheduling is a complicated problem to solve that strives to satisfy employers’ objectives and employees’ preferences as much as possible by generating fairly desirable schedules. But sometimes, objectives and preferences may not be determined precisely. This problem causes manpower scheduling takes the fuzzy nature. This paper presents a new fuzzy multi-objective mathematical model for a multi-skilled manpower scheduling problem considering imprecise target values of employers’ objectives and employees’ preferences. Hence, a fuzzy goal programming model is developed for the presented mathematical model and two fuzzy solution approaches are used to convert the fuzzy goal programming model to two single-objective models. Since the complexity of a manpower scheduling problem is NP-hard, the single-objective models are solved by two meta-heuristics, namely particle swarm optimization and elite tabu search. Eventually, the performance of the proposed algorithms is verified and the results are compared with each other to select the best schedules.     

Reliability analysis of a phaser measurement unit using a generalized fuzzy lambda-tau(GFLT) technique

Nowadays power consumption is increasing day-by-day. To fulfill failure free power requirement, planning and implementation of an effective and reliable power management system is essential. Phasor measurement unit(PMU) is one of the key device in wide area measurement and control systems. The reliable performance of PMU assures failure free power supply for any power system. So, the purpose of the present study is to analyse the reliability of a PMU used for controllability and observability of power systems utilizing available uncertain data. In this paper, a generalized fuzzy lambda-tau (GFLT) technique has been proposed for this purpose. In GFLT, system components' uncertain failure and repair rates are fuzzified using fuzzy numbers having different shapes such as triangular, normal, cauchy, sharp gamma and trapezoidal. To select a suitable fuzzy number for quantifying data uncertainty, system experts' opinion have been considered. The GFLT technique applies fault tree, lambda-tau method, fuzzified data using different membership functions, alpha-cut based fuzzy arithmetic operations to compute some important reliability indices. Furthermore, in this study ranking of critical components of the system using RAM-Index and sensitivity analysis have also been performed. The developed technique may be helpful to improve system performance significantly and can be applied to analyse fuzzy reliability of other engineering systems.     

人力资源管理系统的设计与实现

通过对现有企业人力资源管理的分析,利用Delphi7.0＋SQL Server实现了人力资源管理系统设计。在概括的介绍了人力资源系统设计目标的基础上,又详细介绍了代码设置管理、员工信息管理、员工行政事务、系统管理等系统功能模块,以及系统设计与实现的主要关键技术。     

Business Process Versus Coordination Process in Organizational Change

Organizational change has been a key component in enhancing performance and organizational design. Previous process-oriented organizational change methods, however, focused on simplifying process flow without examining how it affects other organizational elements. Since an organization consists of several interdependent elements, a change within an organization can affect the other dependent organizational elements. Lack of coordination within an organization can result in unexpected poor performance and high coordination cost. In this research, we suggest a coordination theory approach to organizational process change by applying the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Process Handbook with simulation technique. For the validity test, we applied the Process Handbook to a real hospital. From the application case, we saw that the proposed approach is useful in minimizing the risk of the change project by validating change alternatives using simulation technique, coordinating the dependent organizational elements, and managing change effects on other organizational elements. In this article, we discuss the proposed method and the transformation of a new organizational design to the workflow system development.     

机械制造企业实施绩效管理若干关键环节的探讨

就机械制造企业在绩效管理中应注意的关键环节如组织绩效管理、员工绩效管理、绩效考评、分类奖励和评价反馈等问题进行了探讨。     

Task assignment with multiskilled employees and multiple modes for product development projects

In a product development project, efficiently assigning tasks to employees is difficult, since high level of design imprecision and employees with multiple skills and different skill levels exist. The relative skill levels of employees are modeled by fuzzy numbers, and membership function is introduced to describe the confidential levels of the duration the task takes. The employees’ workloads in the project are calculated based on fuzzy sets theory and design structure matrix, and then multiple execution modes are generated by assigning different employees to the tasks. An optimization model of task assignment problem, which incorporates some factors not previously considered together (multiskilled employees and their skill levels, task iteration and the precedence constraints), is proposed. The objective function considered is to minimize the duration of the project and balance the workloads of the employees attending the project. Based on the information above, a genetic algorithm is utilized to find the optimum solution with regards to the considered objectives. A case of a die product development project is used to illustrate the problem and proposed method. The results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of this algorithm.     

Key Technology of Embedded System Implementation for Software-based CNC System

The software-based computer numerical control(CNC)system includes three types of tasks: periodic real-time tasks,aperiodic real-time tasks,and non-real-time tasks.The tasks are characterized by concurrency,hybridization,and correlation,which make system implementation difficult.The conventional scheduling algorithm can not meet the demands of system implementation in the software-based CNC system completely.The uncertainty factors when running real-time tasks affect control performance by degrading manufacturing accuracy as a result of system resource and processor use restrictions.To address the technical difficulty of embedded system implementation,a novel fuzzy feedback scheduling algorithm based on output jitter of key real-time tasks for a software-based CNC system is proposed.Time characteristics,such as sampling jitter,input-output jitter,and non-schedulability are discussed,followed by quantification through simulations of the impact of time characteristics on manufacturing accuracy.On the basis of this research,the scheduler architecture is designed,and then the algorithm table is calculated.When the system resource changes,the key periodic real-time tasks meet their deadlines by means of dynamically adjusting the task period.The simulated results show that the machining precision rises by an order of magnitude for the proposed scheduler in resource-constrained software-based CNC systems.Moreover,unlike conventional feedback scheduling methods,the algorithm in this paper does not rely on the availability of task execution times and is easy to implement while incurring only a small overhead.     

An integrated fuzzy MCDM approach and analysis to evaluate the financial performance of Iranian cement companies

In today's highly competitive environment, suitable appraisal of a company's performance is of vital importance not only for the company but also for its suppliers and customers. The main objectives of this study were to analyze the financial ratios of Iranian cement-producing companies and to develop a fuzzy model to evaluate financial performance. The proposed fuzzy approach is based on the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) and the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method. In contrast to other studies in the literature, in the present study, the FAHP method was used in determining the weightage of criteria by decision makers and the TOPSIS method was used in determining the ranking of the companies. The proposed combined method was used to evaluate the performance of eight Iranian cement companies listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange using data from their financial tables and subsequent ranking of these companies. The final results of the analysis revealed the performance ranking of the companies Sabhan, Sarab, Sedasht, Safar, Sekaroun, Sakarma, Sanir, and Sahrmoz with priority scores of 0/55, 0/51, 0/50, 0/49, 0/42, 0/37, 0/36, and 0/33, respectively. The results indicate an overall performance ranking because the weights of the criteria were determined by decision makers with different experiences, positions, and proficiencies. If it is desired, it is possible to make an evaluation only for creditors, investors, or shareholders; however, in such cases, the weights of the criteria will vary and the ranking of the companies can change. The proposed method can also be applied to the evaluation of companies in other sectors.     

Scheduling part-time and mixed-skilled workers to maximize employee satisfaction

In this paper, part-time and mixed-skilled workers scheduling problem have been modeled in which workers’ productivity is variable during a day. This paper considers fatigue as a significant human aspect in staff scheduling problem. Considering the effect of fatigue in staff scheduling problem is motivated by human operators who experience fatigue in carrying out tasks in various shifts. The model tries to maximize workers’ satisfaction while regarding workers’ availability, productivity, priority preference, seniority level, and number of workers required. To solve such an NP-hard problem, simulated annealing (SA) and variable neighborhood search (VNS) have been introduced. In order to improve the efficiency of proposed algorithms, “time of switching NSSs” is applied as a control parameter. To evaluate validity of the algorithms, efficient lower bound has been provided using a heuristic method. Comparison experiments show that our algorithms are capable of finding near-global optimum solution. Competitiveness of proposed algorithms has been evaluated through solutions of mathematical integer programming. The comparison results indicate that performance of VNS is better than performance of SA in terms of solution quality and computational time.     

基于工作流管理的生产计划系统

探讨了工作流管理技术在生产计划系统中的应用和实现方法 ,从过程建模、组织资源建模、决策过程等方面阐述了基于工作流管理的生产计划系统的设计思路 ,从系统实施的角度给出了工作流管理系统的功能结构 ,并且对各个主要模块进行了详细的分析。     

移动机器人模糊控制方法研究

移动机器人的智能控制技术是基于机器视觉的移动机器人与智能车辆自主导航的关键技术之一。首先介绍了移动机器人的基本硬件组成，然后模仿人工预瞄驾驶行为，提出了移动机器人运动控制的模糊控制方法，并详细介绍了该控制器的结构组成和设计过程。实验表明：提出的模糊控制方法可保证移动机器人快速、准确地沿各种参考路径行走，且具有良好的鲁棒性。该控制方法也可用于智能车辆的自动导航控制。     

基于T-S模糊故障树的多态系统性能可靠性

T-S模糊故障树是由一系列具有IF-THEN规则的T-S逻辑门构成的故障树,可以解决复杂系统可靠性分析中故障多态、故障机理不明确、底事件失效率难以精确得知的问题。目前该方法主要分析系统中的功能故障问题。实际中,复杂多态系统内部很多故障常常会造成性能降级,出现多性能状态,进而系统在不同的故障状态下具有不同的性能可靠性。通过对T-S模糊故障树所表示的系统赋予性能变量及故障多态下的不同性能值,利用统计学中的期望思想,提出一种分析系统故障多态下的性能可靠性方法,以及已知某一底事件或中间事件在故障状态下分析系统性能可靠性的方法。通过对目前大型飞机上常用的航空电子交互式以太网(Avionics full duplex switched ethernet,AFDX)进行分析建树,利用该方法求解系统在多故障状态下的性能可靠性,进行了实例分析。     

模糊综合评判法及其在液压系统油液性能评价中的应用

建立了液压油液综合性能指标的模糊综合评价模型，提出了液压系统油液性能评价及换油基准的综合指数法，并进行了事例分析。这种方法全面考虑了表征油液性能的各种主要因素，是液压系统油液性能评价的一种有效方法。     

基于多主体仿真的产品开发过程评价及优化

为研究产品开发项目的过程动态性能,提出采用基于多智能主体建模原理构建产品开发过程的仿真模型,实现了以人为中心的产品开发过程仿真。基于多主体仿真,提出反映人因、组织和过程性能的综合评价指标,包括计划偏移率、组织薪酬、过程风险和失误水平等。研究了关键评价指标的算法,并在仿真程序中加以实现。最后,以摩托车零件开发项目为例进行仿真,并从任务流、人力配置、组织结构等方面对该项目进行了过程性能优化分析。