冻融环境下FRP条带加固钢筋混凝土圆柱受力性能试验研究

通过碳纤维布(CFRP)和玻璃纤维布(GFRP)条带间隔粘贴加固钢筋混凝土圆柱在冻融循环作用下的轴心受压试验,分析冻融循环、纤维布类型对钢筋混凝土圆柱轴压性能的影响.结果表明,经过冻融循环作用之后,FRP条带加固钢筋混凝土圆柱的强度、刚度和延性均降低.在相同条件下,CFRP条带加固柱的强度与延性大于GFRP条带加固柱.引入混凝土强度、FRP强度退化模型,建立冻融循环环境下FRP条带加固钢筋混凝土圆柱的正截面受压承载力计算模型.     

Experimental investigation into the interfacial shear strength of AGS-FRP tube confined concrete pile

Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) tube confined concrete piles have been increasingly used in the infrastructure industry. However, debonding is one of the critical issues that need to be adequately addressed before FRP confined concrete pile can reach its full market potential. To improve drivability of conventional FRP tube confined concrete cylinders for pile applications, Li [Li G, Experimental study of hybrid composite cylinders, Compos Struct 2007; 78 (2): 170–181] proposed a novel advanced grid stiffened (AGS) FRP tube encased concrete cylinder. The AGS-FRP tube was made of a lattice of interlaced FRP ribs that was wrapped by a thin layer of FRP skin. The AGS-FRP tube was then filled with concrete. Test results show a considerably increased compressive strength, elastic range, and positive composite action due to the enhanced interfacial bonding strength through mechanical interlocking. The purpose of the current study was to experimentally investigate the effect of the thickness of the FRP ribs and the FRP skin on the interfacial bonding strength through push-out test. Five groups of specimens were manufactured. Groups A and B consisted of regular FRP tube confined concrete cylinders with different wall thicknesses. Groups C, D, and E consisted of the AGS-FRP tube confined concrete cylinders of varying rib thicknesses. The push-out test results indicated that the AGS-FRP tube confined concrete cylinders had stronger interfacial bonding than the regular FRP tube confined concrete cylinders. Skin thickness was positively related to the interfacial bonding in the regular FRP tube confined concrete columns. To the opposite of the common belief that the interfacial bonding strength increases as the rib thickness increases, the interfacial shear strength decreases as the rib thickness increases, due to the lower concrete strength used. It is thus suggested that the rib thickness should match the concrete strength in order to fully display the efficiency of mechanical interlocking.     

FRP约束混凝土抗压强度研究进展

素混凝土经纤维增强复合材料(FRP)包裹约束后,在三向应力作用下,可提高其抗压强度。通过对碳纤维约束混凝土(CFRP)、芳纶纤维约束混凝土(AFRP)、玻璃纤维约束混凝土(GFRP)及玄武岩纤维约束混凝土(BFRP)相关试验数据的整理总结,分析了影响FRP约束混凝土抗压强度的主要因素。引入约束性能经验系数及混凝土强度影响系数的概念,推导出了统一的FRP约束混凝土标准圆柱体抗压强度计算模型,可为FRP约束混凝土的实际应用提供参考。     

TESTS ON STRUCTURALLY DEFICIENT RC SLABS STRENGTHENED WITH FIBRE REINFORCED POLYMER (FRP) COMPOSITES

This paper reports the results of a series of tests on fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) strengthened reinforced concrete (RC) slabs, which were recently undertaken at the University of Technology,Sydney. The slabs were reinforced with high-strength low-ductile steel reinforcement and strengthened with either carbon FRP (CFRP) or glass FRP (GFRP) composites. The unstrengthened control slabs failed by fracture of the steel tension reinforcement while the FRP strengthened slabs failed by debonding of the FRP followed by rupture of the tension steel. The FRP-strengthened slabs were stronger than their unstrengthened counterparts and displayed considerable ductility.     

不同FRP增强混凝土梁断裂性能试验研究

为了探讨不同种类纤维增强复合材料（FRP）增强带裂缝混凝土的断裂性能,开展了芳纶纤维增强复合材料（AFRP）、碳纤维增强复合材料（CFRP）和玻璃纤维增强复合材料（GFRP）增强带裂缝混凝土梁的三点弯曲试验,分析了其断裂性能参数.结果表明：相对于普通混凝土梁试件,FRP对带裂缝混凝土梁的阻裂加固效果更明显;CFRP增强混凝土梁的起裂荷载和失稳荷载均大于AFRP与GFRP增强混凝土梁,CFRP的阻裂增强效果最佳;AFRP增强混凝土梁和CFRP增强混凝土梁的破坏形式均为试件底部混凝土 FRP界面的剥离破坏,GFRP增强混凝土梁的破坏形式为试件底部GFRP的拉断破坏;通过对不同FRP增强混凝土梁阻裂加固机理的分析,计算得出CFRP增强混凝土梁的起裂韧度和失稳韧度最大,且CFRP价格适中,因此使用CFRP对带裂缝混凝土梁进行增强加固的性价比最优.     

碳纤维增强复合材料约束高温损伤高强混凝土轴压力学性能的试验研究

以碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)约束高强混凝土(HSC)圆柱为研究对象,通过试验探讨温度损伤和CFRP用量对CFRP约束高温损伤HSC圆柱轴压的破坏模式、抗压强度和极限应变等的影响规律。研究结果表明:CFRP的约束能明显提高高温损伤HSC柱的抗压强度,与CFRP约束常温的混凝土试件相比,包裹了相同CFRP层数高温损伤试件的抗压强度仅下降3%~6%;温度损伤和CFRP层数对约束HSC构件轴压破坏形态有明显的影响;被约束高强混凝土柱的抗压强度和延性随着CFRP层数的增加而提高,与无温度损伤HSC受压构件相比,CFRP的约束对提高高温损伤HSC构件抗压性能的作用更加明显。     

Strength and ductility of concrete cylinders confined with FRP composites

Based on results from more than 300 specimens of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) confined concrete cylinders covering a wide range of parameters, the confinement effect and failure mechanisms are analyzed. Special attention is given to predict whether FRP-confined concrete cylinder has a strain-hardening or a strain-softening response. In the case of FRP-confined concrete cylinder with a strain-hardening response, it is found that the ultimate Poisson’s ratio of FRP-confined concrete trends to an asymptotic value. Through calculation of the ultimate Poisson’s ratio, and according to strain compatibility, the ultimate strain of FRP-confined concrete can be predicted. Moreover, by comparing with a lot of existing experimental data, the proposed models are quite simple and still accurate enough, which can be applied to the concrete cylinders confined with various types of FRP composites. Besides, for the case of FRP-confined concrete cylinder with a strain-softening response, equations for predicting the maximum strength, peak strain, ultimate strength and ultimate strain are suggested in this paper.     

BFRP加固高轴压比低强混凝土圆柱抗震性能研究

为研究纤维增强复合材料（FRP）加固高轴压比低强混凝土配筋圆柱的抗震性能,对6根加固柱和3根对比柱进行了低周反复侧向加载试验.结果表明：加固柱的破坏为弯曲破坏,构件的承载力、延性和耗能能力显著改善,对高轴压比低强混凝土柱的加固效果最好;在相同侧向约束应力下,玄武岩纤维布和碳纤维布加固柱承载力相近,但玄武岩纤维布加固柱延性和耗能能力更高.基于试验数据进行回归分析,提出了更广泛轴压比和混凝土强度范围下加固圆柱的峰值荷载和位移延性系数计算式.     

A practical approach for modeling FRP wrapped concrete columns

Fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) have gained rapid popularity in recent years as one of the strengthening techniques of structural concrete elements. Particularly, increase in the use of FRP composite materials for strengthening and retrofitting of reinforced concrete columns has urged the development of several approaches to determine their compressive strength. Although substantial experimental and analytical researches have been conducted to model and simulate the response of concrete confined with FRP jackets under concentric loading, there is still an apparent need for the detail analyses and efficient numerical models to further understand the stress–strain behavior and failure mechanisms of the confined concrete. In order to predict the compressive behavior of concrete even under high confinement pressures, this paper introduces new relations for calculation of the cohesion parameter of Drucker–Prager criterion in terms of cylindrical compressive strength only. These relations are developed from a parametric study of a large number of nonlinear finite element analyses (NLFFEA) of FRP wrapped concrete columns to account for the axial load level and the shape of the stress–strain curve. Incorporating a realistic one-parameter failure criterion of concrete, the failure cone of Drucker–Prager model is enforced to approximate and coincide with the whole compressive meridian of the criterion up to the analytically predicted point of the ultimate hydrostatic pressure in the analyses. Based on this failure cone, mainly seven different relations corresponding to the various levels of lateral pressure are proposed for the compressive meridian and the cohesion while keeping the internal friction angle as a constant value of 33°. The proposed approach is shown to fit quite well the experimental results of 42 specimens tested by eight different researchers, for various square and rectangular cross-sections under concentric loading.     

FPR-混凝土粘结界面的规律

根据试验数据,研究了FRP与混凝土粘结的非线性模型Ⅱ界面规律。所提出的界面规律基于差分方程,并考虑了高剪应力下粘性剂和混凝土保护层的非线性作用。模型中的参数均在拉—拉剥离试验下校准,同时采用了不同荷载水平、不同粘结长度、沿FRP板方向的最大传递荷载与应变。通过有限粘结长度决定的最大传递荷载的估计值来确定界面规律中的断裂能,同时根据应变确定剪切－滑移关系。并通过一系列文献的试验结果验证参数优化程序。在粘结－滑移模型中采用所提出的界面定律进行数值模拟计算,得出粘结区域中FRP的应变、剪应力和滑移与试验结果很吻合。     

Experimental study on CFST members strengthened by CFRP composites under compression

The concrete filled steel tubular (CFST) members become very popular in the construction industry and, at the same time, aging of structures and member deterioration are often reported. The actions like implementation of new materials and strengthening techniques become essential to combat this problem. This research work aimed to investigate the structural improvements of CFST sections with normal strength concrete externally bonded with fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) composites. For this study, compact mild steel tubes were used with the main variable being FRP characteristics. Carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) fabrics were used as horizontal strips (lateral ties) with several other parameters such as the number of layers, width and spacing of strips. Among thirty specimens, twenty seven were externally bonded with 50 mm width of CFRP strips with a spacing of 20 mm, 30 mm and 40 mm and the remaining three specimens were unbonded. Experiments were undertaken until column failure to fully understand the influence of FRP characteristics on the compressive behaviour of square CFST sections including their failure modes, axial stress–strain behaviour, and load carrying capapcity. From the test results, it was found that the external bonding of CFRP strips provides external confinement pressure effectively and delays the local buckling of steel tube and also improves the load carrying capacity further. Finally, an analytical model was proposed herein for predicting the axial load carrying capacity of strengthened CFST sections under compression.     

FRP约束圆柱混凝土受压应力-应变关系模型

为建立纤维增强复合材料(FRP)约束圆柱混凝土受压应力-应变关系模型,分析了国内外305个轴心受压FRP约束混凝土圆柱试件的试验结果。分析表明,纤维特征值、FRP层合结构和加载方式是影响FRP约束圆柱混凝土受压应力-应变关系的3个主要因素。通过分析试验结果和已有的模型,提出了一个考虑上述3个因素的改进的FRP约束圆柱混凝土受压应力-应变关系模型,该模型包括强化型和软化型两种类型。比较表明,该模型与试验结果的符合程度好于已有模型。     

碳纤维布约束混凝土矩形柱的抗压性能研究

对碳纤维布约束的混凝土柱(从方形截面逐步过渡至圆形截面)进行了轴压性能试验。试验研究了碳纤维布约束混凝土柱的破坏形态及轴压应力与轴向、横向应变之间的变化曲线,确定了碳纤维布的有效应变系数。探讨了FRP材料约束混凝土矩形柱的侧向约束机理;提出了新的有效约束面积模型及侧向约束压力计算公式。基于现有试验研究成果,建立了碳纤维布约束混凝土矩形柱的抗压强度与峰值应变计算模型。针对碳纤维布充足约束混凝土矩形柱的应力-应变反应,提出了双线性理论模型,理论计算曲线与试验曲线基本吻合。     

Neural network modeling of strength enhancement for CFRP confined concrete cylinders

This study presents the application of neural networks (NN) for the modeling of strength enhancement of CFRP (carbon fiber-reinforced plastic) confined concrete cylinders. The proposed NN model is based on experimental results collected from literature. It represents the ultimate strength of concrete cylinders after CFRP confinement which is also given in explicit form in terms of diameter, unconfined concrete strength, tensile strength CFRP laminate and total thickness of CFRP layer used. The accuracy of the proposed NN model is quite satisfactory as compared to experimental results. Moreover the results of proposed NN model are compared with 10 different theoretical models proposed by researchers so far and are found to be by far more accurate.     

FRP约束混凝土圆柱无软化段时的应力-应变关系研究

在国内外大量试验研究的基础上,比较分析了FRP、箍筋及钢管约束混凝土圆柱性能的差异。指出FRP约束混凝土圆柱的极限强度主要与FRP侧向约束强度、未约束混凝土强度及FRP形式等有关,并提出FRP约束圆柱后极限强度计算方法。指出已有的FRP约束混凝土圆柱极限应变计算方法误差均较大,本文提出新的极限应变计算方法:首先,发现FRP约束混凝土圆柱的极限泊松比趋向一恒定值,并建议了极限泊松比的计算公式,然后根据应变相容可确定FRP约束混凝土圆柱的极限应变。最后,建议了确定FRP约束混凝土圆柱无软化段时应力-应变关系的三折线模型,与已有的试验结果比较表明,模型简单且精度高,能适用于AFRP、GFRP、CFRP等不同类型及FRP管和FRP布等不同形式FRP约束的混凝土圆柱。     

A way for preventing tension delamination of concrete cover in midspan of FRP strengthened beams

In order to prevent tension delamination of concrete cover in midspan more efficiently, an attempt to strengthen reinforced concrete beams by combining unidirectional carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheet (to bond to the tension faces of the beams) and bi-directional glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) sheet (to wrap 3 sides of the beams continuously) was proposed. The feasibility and potential advantages of the attempt were discussed. A comparative test program including ten beams was carried out. The test results showed that the hybrid CF/GF reinforced polymer (H-CF/GF-RP) strengthening could not only prevent the tension delamination of the bottom concrete cover, but also lead to a significant increase of deformation capacity of the strengthened beams at a very low cost compared to CFRP strengthening.     

FRP钢管混凝土柱抗爆性能数值模拟

为研究FRP钢管混凝土柱(CFST)的抗爆性能,建立了比例距离为0.28 m·kg^-1/3时爆炸荷载下纤维增强复合材料(FRP)钢管混凝土柱的数值模型。运用LS-DYNA非线性有限元程序中的高能爆炸材料模型及状态方程来施加爆炸荷载,采取多物质流固耦合方法进行数值模拟,通过试验数据验证了该模型的合理性。通过数值模拟展示了FRP钢管混凝土柱的位移时程及钢管、混凝土、FRP的等效应力变化,分析了其变化规律与分布特征。此外,通过改变相应参数研究了FRP层数、钢管屈服强度及混凝土强度对FRP钢管混凝土柱的影响程度。结果表明:FRP的约束可以有效提高钢管混凝土的抗爆性能,其易损部位主要发生在柱中及柱两端; 增加FRP层数,提高钢管屈服强度和混凝土强度均可提高柱的抗爆性能; 建立的模型可以进一步推广到不同比例距离、不同截面形状的FRP钢管混凝土柱抗爆研究,同时为FRP钢管混凝土抗爆设计提供了一定依据。     

混杂纤维布约束混凝土柱力学性能的研究

通过对碳纤维布、玄武岩纤维布和玻璃纤维布混杂约束混凝土圆柱的轴心受压试验,测得了混杂纤维布约束混凝土的轴心抗压强度、峰值应变、应力-应变关系,分析纤维布混杂方式对混凝土约束效果的影响。建立新的混杂纤维约束混凝土柱强度模型和应力-应变全过程整体模型,通过与试验结果比较,发现新的模型计算准确,与Teng等的模型相比,不需要分段拟合,计算简单,且同样适用于单一纤维约束情况。     

Compressive behavior of concrete externally confined by composite jackets: Part B: modeling

This paper presents an analytical model adapted to all FRP-confined concretes, including confined HPC. The development of this model is based on an experimental compressive behavior study using various concrete cylinders externally confined by carbon and glass FRP jackets described in part A of this paper. Different parameters such as the confinement level and the jackets mechanical properties are taken in to account. Proposed relationships allow to assess the ultimate capacity and the stress–strain mechanical relation of the confined concrete as a function of each materials parameters. Experimental results presented in the part A of this paper and those obtained by other authors are compared with the analytical results predicted with the described model. The stress–strain responses of all FRP-confined concrete obtained by the proposed model are in accordance with experimental data. The ultimate behavior is well predicted, for all confinement levels and all concrete types.     

外包纤维加固混凝土短柱轴压力学性能

通过对不同约束比情况下的 2 7个圆形、正方形倒圆角及正方形改椭圆形截面的混凝土柱经纤维材料包裹后的轴压短柱试验 ,证实了圆形与椭圆形截面柱能较好地利用纤维材料的抗拉能力 ,可获得良好的加固效果、证实了纤维包裹混凝土轴压全过程曲线也分为三个阶段 ,这是约束混凝土的特点。最后文章还讨论了纤维包裹加固柱的破坏性质和抗力设计指标等取值问题。