三类钢板剪力墙结构试验研究

防屈曲钢板剪力墙已被试验证明是优秀的抗侧耗能构件,但墙板嵌入受弯框架时,二者之间的相互作用尚需进一步研究。为此进行了两层单跨钢框架内嵌防屈曲钢板剪力墙的试验研究,作为比较同时进行了两层单跨钢框架内嵌非加劲钢板剪力墙与两层单跨钢框架内嵌组合钢板剪力墙结构的试验研究。在试验的基础上,对试件进行有限元分析,比较了三类钢板剪力墙之间的性能差异。研究表明,防屈曲钢板剪力墙能够消除无加劲钢板剪力墙在水平荷载下产生的巨大屈曲噪声,具有较大的初始刚度与承载力,拥有良好的延性与滞回耗能性能,而且由于其屈服先于屈曲发生,对周边框架产生的附加弯矩很小;组合钢板剪力墙的性能与防屈曲钢板剪力墙相似,但由于后期外包的混凝土发生脱离,内嵌钢板剪力墙会产生拉力带,不仅对框架产生不利影响,而且自身承载力、刚度与耗能能力均有不同程度的退化。图32表1参12     

两边连接钢板剪力墙-装配式钢管混凝土框架结构#br# 抗震性能研究

圆形或方形钢管混凝土柱与钢梁通过单边高强螺栓和端板组成框架,薄钢板剪力墙与钢梁采用两边连接方式,形成钢板剪力墙-装配式钢管混凝土框架结构。为获悉两边连接钢板剪力墙-装配式钢管混凝土框架的抗震性能和破坏机理,对2榀2层单跨钢板剪力墙-装配式钢管混凝土框架试件进行水平低周反复荷载试验,研究柱截面类型、墙梁连接方式和半刚性节点类型对该体系破坏形式和抗震性能的影响。在试验过程中观察结构的破坏特征和发展,分析滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化规律、延性、耗能能力以及主要构件的应变规律。研究结果表明,两边连接钢板剪力墙-装配式钢管混凝土框架结构具有良好的滞回性能和耗能能力,其弹性刚度比纯装配式钢管混凝土框架结构提高了163.8%~249.4%,水平极限承载力提高了41.0%~97.1%。采用OpenSees程序建立钢板剪力墙-装配式钢管混凝土框架的非线性分析模型,通过试验结果验证计算模型的准确性,为该结构体系的理论分析提供基础。文章研究结果将有助于钢板剪力墙-装配式钢管混凝土框架结构的应用和推广。     

Shear‐displacement diagram of steel plate shear walls with precompression from adjacent frame columns

An analytical model of the unstiffened steel plate shear wall (SPSW) considering precompression from the adjacent frame columns is proposed and experimentally verified. First, the distribution and transferring of the gravity loads between boundary columns and the infill steel plate was proposed. Second, the shear‐displacement diagram of the SPSW under compression–shear interaction was obtained, and to further consider the global bending deformation, the shear‐displacement diagram of the SPSW under compression–shear–bending interaction was obtained. Third, the load‐carrying capacities and deformations at the state of elastic buckling of the infill steel plate, the yield of Zones I and III, the yield of Zone II, and the yield of the boundary frame were presented. Finally, cyclic loading test on four scaled one story single bay unstiffened SPSWs under different axial forces at the top of the columns was carried out to verify the proposed analytical model. Shear‐displacement relationship, shear capacity, and envelope curves of the specimens were compared with the predicted values. Results indicate that the proposed analytical model can reasonably predict the decrease of the shear load capacity and stiffness of the SPSWs due to the existence of the axial load at the boundary columns.     

Stress state of steel plate shear walls under compression–shear combination load

This paper investigates the stress state of the infill steel plate for the unstiffened steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) under compression–shear combination load. First, the infill steel plate is divided into three zones, the stress state of each zone under compression is derived, and the accuracy of the analytical model is verified by a series of numerical examples. Second, considering the combination effects of the gravity load and shear force from the adjacent boundary columns, the stress state of each zone is proposed and discussed. Then the shear capacity of the infill steel plate for the unstiffened SPSWs with gravity load acting on the top of the boundary columns is proposed. Finally, the shear capacity of 21 numerical SPSW specimens with various axial stresses of the boundary columns and different steel infill plate thicknesses is predicted.     

钢板剪力墙中墙-框架相互作用性能研究

在侧向荷载作用下,考虑填充板和框架杆件之间的相互作用,研究了钢板剪力墙双体系的非线性性能。对多组钢板剪力墙试件进行数值分析,研究填充板对框架性能的影响,评估其抵抗侧向力的有效度。结果表明:按规范设计的钢板剪力墙具有理想的屈服顺序,填充板首先进入塑性。这说明:填充板在加载初期非常有效,转角可达到1%,承担了大部分层间剪力。然而,一旦填充板中屈服区域继续发展,它们将逐渐失效;当屈服区域延伸至墙体,附加荷载将基本上由框架杆件承担。     

钢板剪力墙-框架相互作用性能

在侧向荷载作用下,考虑填充板和框架杆件之间的相互作用,研究了钢板剪力墙双体系的非线性性能。对多组钢板剪力墙试件进行数值分析,研究填充板对框架性能的影响,评估其抵抗侧向力的有效度。结果表明:按规范设计的钢板剪力墙具有理想的屈服顺序,填充板首先进入塑性。这说明:填充板在加载初期非常有效,转角可达到1%,承担了大部分层间剪力。然而,一旦填充板中屈服区域继续发展,它们将逐渐失效;当屈服区域延伸至墙体,附加荷载将基本上由框架杆件承担。     

钢板剪力墙结构中墙-框架交互作用的特性分析

研究了钢板剪力墙(SPSW)双系统在侧向荷载作用下,由内置墙板与框架构件之间相互作用而引起的非线性反应。对大量钢板剪力墙系统进行了数值分析,基于分析结果讨论了内置墙板对框架性能的影响,并对其抵抗侧向荷载的有效程度进行了预测。结果表明:依据设计规范设计的钢板剪力墙可以获得预期的屈曲顺序,且塑性变形主要由内置墙板产生。研究验证了内置墙板在加载的初期是非常有效的(塑性变形达到角位移的1%),并且可以吸收大部分层间剪力。然而,一旦内置墙板中出现了斜向屈服区,墙板便开始丧失其有效性;当屈服区发展到整面墙的时候,外加荷载便开始由框架构件承担。     

Beam‐attached steel plate shear walls

Connecting to their surrounding beams and columns, unstiffened steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) are widely used as an appropriate lateral resisting system for designing and retrofitting of structures against lateral loads. The base philosophy for the performance of such systems, post‐buckling tension field formation, needs strong enough boundary elements to form. However, in some cases, relatively low performance demand needs panels with impractical thickness. To overcome the construction limitations, the designer is forced to use thicker plates, and consequently to satisfy the post‐buckling tension field philosophy, heavier column sections must be used. A novel configuration of steel shear walls, beam‐attached SPSWs, in which the size of the column section is released to be as a function of the plate thickness and removes the wasteful need for heavy columns, is proposed in this paper. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Seismic behavior of code designed steel plate shear walls

The AISC Seismic Design Provisions now include capacity design requirements for steel plate shear walls, which consist of thin web plates that infill frames of steel beams, denoted horizontal boundary elements (HBEs), and columns, denoted vertical boundary elements (VBEs). The thin unstiffened web plates are expected to buckle in shear at low load levels and develop tension field action, providing ductility and energy dissipation through tension yielding of the web plate. HBEs are designed for stiffness and strength requirements and are expected to anchor the tension field formation in the web plates. VBEs are designed for yielding of web plates and plastic hinge formation at the ends of the HBEs.This paper assesses the behavior of code designed SPSWs. A series of walls are designed and their behavior is evaluated using nonlinear response history analysis for ground motions representing different hazard levels. It is found that designs meeting current code requirements satisfy maximum interstory drift requirements considering design level earthquakes and have maximum interstory drifts of less than 5% for maximum considered earthquakes. Web plate ductility demands are found to be significantly larger for low rise walls than for high rise walls where higher modes of vibrations impact the response. The percentage of story shear resisted by the web plate relative to the boundary frame is found to be between 60% and 80% and is relatively independent of panel aspect ratio, wall height, or hazard level, but is affected by transitions in plate thickness. Maximum demands in VBEs in design level shaking are found to be considerably less than those found from capacity design for SPSWs with 9 or more stories.     

Characteristics of the wall-frame interaction in steel plate shear walls

The nonlinear response of steel plate shear wall (SPSW) dual systems under lateral loading with regard to the interaction between the infill plates and frame members is studied. A number of SPSWs are numerically analyzed and the results are utilized to discuss (a) the influence of infill plates on the behavior of frames and (b) to evaluate their degree of effectiveness in resisting lateral loads. Results show that SPSWs designed according to design codes should have desirable sequences of yielding and that plastic deformations should primarily be provided by the infill plates. It is illustrated that the infill plates are very effective in the initial stages of loading (up to the drift angle of 1% ) and absorb substantial part of storey shear. However, once diagonal yield zones develop in the infill plates, they begin to lose their effectiveness; and when yield zones spread throughout the wall, additional applied loads are essentially carried by the frame members.     

侧边开洞 斜向槽钢加劲钢板剪力墙 结构抗震性能试验研究

为研究开洞形式及槽钢加劲肋对钢板剪力墙抗震性能的影响，对2个1/3缩尺的单跨双层侧边开洞-斜向槽钢加劲钢板剪力墙进行了低周往复荷载试验，得到了双侧开洞 交叉加劲钢板剪力墙和单侧开洞-多道斜向槽钢加劲钢板剪力墙的荷载-位移曲线、破坏特征、骨架曲线等，分析了两种钢板墙的承载能力、延性、退化特性以及耗能能力等性能。通过分析框架梁的受力情况，给出了考虑加劲肋作用的开洞处梁腹板最小厚度计算公式。试验结果表明，两种形式的槽钢加劲钢板剪力墙均有良好的抗震性能。双侧开洞 交叉加劲钢板剪力墙试件的滞回环饱满呈梭形；单侧开洞-多道斜向槽钢加劲钢板剪力墙试件在加载前期滞回曲线有“捏缩”现象，耗能梁段形成后“捏缩”现象消失。槽钢加劲肋能有效限制内填钢板的屈曲变形，加载过程中未发生扭转，避免加劲肋破坏导致加劲效果失效。双侧开洞 交叉加劲钢板剪力墙试件受槽钢加劲肋作用，中梁开洞处梁腹板承受剪力增大约30%。建议在开洞处梁腹板合理布置加劲肋，避免框架梁过早屈服影响整体结构性能的发挥。     

异型柱框-桁架结构的抗震性能研究

在试验与理论研究的基础上 ,对 2 4栋异型柱框 桁架结构与异型柱框架结构抗震性能进行了对比研究 ,讨论了不同框 桁架选型对异型柱框 桁架刚度及地震反应的影响 ,提出了可供工程设计参考的建议     

钢板剪力墙的发展与研究现状

介绍了一种新型的高层抗侧力结构体系———钢板剪力墙 ,总结了其在工程上的应用以及在大震中的良好表现。对不同形式的钢板剪力墙 ,即非加劲钢板墙、加劲钢板墙、开竖缝钢板墙、组合钢板墙及低屈服点钢板墙的构造特点及工作性能分别加以说明 ,并介绍它们在实际工程中的应用。概括了加劲和非加劲钢板墙在单向静力荷载和往复荷载下的受力特性及国外相关的设计理论和规范。     

钢板剪力墙抗震行为与设计

本研究主要目的在于针对未束制型钢板剪力墙的使用性与消能特性加以改良,并研发束制型钢板剪力墙试体,共规划四座试体,3cm厚之低降伏LYS钢板为墙体:一座完全不加束制构件,另两座试体分别在LYS钢板墙体之两面以矩型钢管束制之,第四座则以钢筋混凝土板(简称为CP板)束制LYS钢板墙,于地震工程研究中心进行试验,同时并研究钢板剪力墙的分析模型,包括精准的Strip Model供研究者应用,与较简易的等效斜撑模型供工程实务应用。试验结果显示,束制型钢板剪力墙,LYS钢板挫屈所产生之声响减小,且平面外侧向挫屈变形也随之减少,而消能效果也明显增加。束制与未束制钢板剪力墙之分析模型采用Strip Model,皆可以准确仿真出试验所得之迟滞循环。在单向侧推分析中,采用等效层斜撑模型仿真束制型钢板剪力墙的初始劲度以及强度与试验结果接近。     

钢筋混凝土分体柱框架抗震性能的模型试验研究

本文通过一榀1/3比例的两跨三层现浇钢筋混凝土分体柱框架模型的低周反复荷载试验,研究了分体柱框架模型的破坏机制、出铰顺序、滞回特性、耗能能力等抗震性能;研究了分体柱框架的裂缝发展、分体柱与其他构件的变形协调、内力重分配等工作过程;探讨了分体柱的过渡区、配箍率等主要参数对分体柱框架抗震性能的影响。验证了已有的分体柱及分体柱框架梁柱节点的设计方法和构造要求;研究了分体柱框架强柱弱梁、强剪弱弯以及强节点、强锚固的关系;给出了分体柱轴压比、剪跨比等概念参数的定义。从而得出结论,采用分体柱可以实现变短柱为长柱的设计思想,有效地改善钢筋混凝土短柱、特别是超短柱框架的延性和破坏形态,大幅度地提高钢筋混凝土短柱、特别是超短柱框架的抗震能力,最后给出了相关的设计建议。     

考虑剪切变形影响的框架结构稳定性

巨型框架结构由于框架梁柱截面的剪切变形较大,在分析巨型结构整体稳定性时,应当同时考虑巨型梁柱的弯曲变形与剪切变形。本文研究了框架梁和框架柱截面的剪切变形对框架结构整体稳定性的影响。分别研究了简单对称框架柱顶作用有相同集中荷载时、简单对称框架柱顶作用有不等集中荷载时、以及不对称框架柱顶作用不等集中荷载时,框架结构的整体稳定性。分析了不对称框架柱剪切变形对框架稳定性的影响及框架发生整体有侧移失稳的内在规律。着重讨论了框架梁截面的剪切变形对框架整体稳定性的影响规律,根据这一规律提出了简化方法以考虑横梁剪切变形的影响。本文提出了计算框架临界荷载的近似计算方法,与有限元法的结果对比,具有很好的精度,近似算法均考虑了框架梁和框架柱截面的剪切变形及弯曲变形。     

任意厚度非加劲钢板剪力墙与防屈曲钢板剪力墙的通用拉杆模型

钢板剪力墙在墙板屈曲后仍具有一定的抗压能力,板厚越大,抗压能力越强,对结构整体性能的影响也越大,现有的简化模型尚不能很好地考虑该效应。为此,首先分析了计入压应力的钢板墙的受力状态,进而推导了考虑墙板抗压能力的钢板剪力墙的刚度、承载力和屈服位移的计算式,并据此提出了一种通用拉杆模型。该模型仅通过调整经典多拉杆模型中拉杆的截面积以及屈服强度便可有效考虑墙板抗压能力的影响,应用简便。分析表明,所提出的通用拉杆模型具有与壳单元模型相似的精度,广泛适用于各种几何条件下的非加劲钢板剪力墙以及防屈曲钢板剪力墙的弹塑性分析。此外,目前对钢板剪力墙薄厚程度的划分尚缺乏定量依据,文中根据墙板抗压作用大小的不同,将钢板剪力墙划分为薄、中厚、厚三类,并给出了统一的刚度、承载力和屈服位移计算式,可供工程设计参考。     

Numerical investigation on ultimate shear strength of steel plate shear walls

Ultimate shear strength of steel plate shear walls, SPSW, was conventionally computed as the sum of base shear supported by in-fill plate and boundary frame elements. The base shear supported by the in-fill plate was computed assuming that it was fully yielded after buckling whereas the base shear supported by the boundary frame elements was computed by plastic analysis assuming uniform yielding mechanism. In this paper the ultimate shear strength of SPSW was investigated by the finite element method. A detailed three-dimensional finite element model was established using ANSYS software at which the in-fill plate and the boundary frame elements were modeled using finite strain iso-parametric shell elements. The analysis included material and geometric non-linearities. Numerical results obtained from cyclic and pushover loading of SPSWs were verified by comparison to test results published in the literature. A comprehensive parametric analysis was conducted to assess the effect of geometric and material parameters of the wall on its ultimate shear strength. Discrepancies between numerical results and conventional theory were attributed to interaction of in-fill plate and boundary frame elements at ultimate load. When the flexural rigidity of boundary frame elements decreased, the in-fill plate did not achieve full yield strength. On the other hand, the base shear supported by boundary frame elements increased when thicker in-fill plates were utilized. Numerical results were used to update the theoretical expression of ultimate shear strength of SPSWs. The proposed expression was assessed by comparison to test results published in the literature.     

现浇连续刚构桥门洞结构检算与施工

结合具体工程实例,介绍了现浇连续刚构桥门洞结构检算过程,阐述了门架的搭设施工,指出门洞结构完成后应做预压试验以检查门洞结构的压缩量和稳定性,该文对推广现浇连续刚构桥门洞结构有一定的作用.     

某异型柱框架结构商住楼的加固设计

本文结合一实际工程,介绍了利用增加剪力墙对异型柱框架结构进行加固的设计过程。对比了采用扩大梁柱截面法和增加剪力墙改变结构体系法加固异型柱结构的优缺点,重点论述了增加剪力墙加固异型柱结构的分析计算过程,为同类型工程的设计提供了参考。