ABS颜色稳定性的老化试验

未稳定和经稳定ABS的人工加速老化试验，自然大气暴露试验和透过窗玻璃暴露试验，通过颜色和变黄指数变化评价ABS的颜色稳定性。人工加速老化与自然大气暴露有较好的相关性，加速倍率约为7。添加稳定体系能有效地抑制ABS的变黄，并观察到ABS在老化过程中的变白与变黄现象。     

ABS/PVC合金耐候性能的研究

通过一年的自然大气曝露试验和1000小时氙灯人工加速老化试验,对经稳定的ABS、ABS/PVC合金、耐候ASA老化前后的颜色变化和悬臂梁缺口冲击强度保持率进行比较,可以得出结论:ABS/PVC合金的耐候性能与经稳定ABS相比有大幅度提高;在一定时间内,颜色稳定性和悬臂梁缺口冲击强度保持率与ASA相近。     

广州合成材料研究院老化研究所

自然老化暴露试验场广州合成材料研究院／化学工业合成材料老化质量监督检验中心大气暴露试验场地处广州市白云区，本地区气候特点为南亚热带湿润乡村气候，湿热程度亚于热带，年平均太阳辐射总量4000MJ／m2；年平均温度大约23℃；年降水量从1338mm到2678mm。我院的大气暴露试验场主要研究高分子材料及其制品的老化特征与机理和防老化研究，具体研究方向如下：1．高分子材料大气暴露试验和人工加速试验后宏观特征的研究；2．高分子材料大气暴露试验和人工加速试验结果相关性的研究；3．高分子材料大气暴露试验作用机理与规律研究；4．高分…     

不同自然暴露方法对ABS老化性能的影响

采用直接大气暴露、玻璃板下暴露和百页窗下暴露3种自然暴露方法，研究了ABS塑料外观、力学性能和熔体质量流动速率在海南自然暴露过程中的变化，考察了光、热、氧对ABS老化性能的影响。结果表明：自然环境下，氧是引起ABS老化的主要因素，光和热加速了氧对ABS的作用；冲击强度对ABS的老化相当敏感，3种自然暴露方法下暴露3个月后ABS的冲击强度保持率均下降至20％左右。     

ABS材料人工加速老化与户外自然老化的相关性

通过红外光谱、色差和力学性能等研究了丙烯腈–丁二烯–苯乙烯塑料(ABS)在人工加速老化试验(UVA,UVB和氙灯)及户外自然老化试验过程中老化行为的相关性。红外分析结果表明,不同ABS材料在人工加速老化和自然老化过程中遵循相同的光氧老化动力学,但不同光源对ABS材料的加速老化作用有明显差别;色差分析结果表明,人工加速老化试验对色差变化的加速倍率由大到小顺序为:UVBUVA氙灯。通过分析ABS材料的色差及力学性能在人工加速老化与户外自然老化过程中变化的相关性,拟合了人工加速老化与户外自然老化的时间换算方程。     

AAS树脂

和ABS树脂相比,AAS树脂具有相当好的耐自然和人工加速老化的性能。0.9毫米厚的AAS板,在人工老化(氙灯照射)600小时后,断裂强度降低31％(在有抗氧剂存在下降低14％);在相同情况下,ABS板的强度降低76％。AAS板经大气老化6个月后,断裂强度降低37％(在有抗氧剂存在下降低23％),而ABS降低70％。3.2毫米厚的AAS试样经大气老化6个月后,冲击强度降低13％(在有抗氧剂存在下强度无变化),而ABS的冲击强度降低45％。     

ABS树脂加工及应用过程老化性能的表征方法

讨论了ABS树脂在加工、应用过程中几种老化性能的测试方法,分别针对热氧老化、热老化、光老化的特点,设计不同方法表征ABS树脂的老化性能。结果表明,ABS树脂的老化主要与温度、氧气和光照有关,采用80℃空气加速老化方法能够快速表征ABS树脂常温使用条件下的稳定性能;反复挤出测试树脂颜色变化能够评价ABS树脂加工稳定性能;对比注塑过程中物料高温长时间停留的色差,能够表征ABS树脂注塑加工过程稳定性能;紫外光老化对ABS树脂的光老化性能评价快速有效。     

ABS耐候性研究

通过自然气候老化和氙灯人工气候老化试验,比较了3种配方ABS的耐候性能.试验结果表明:添加了光稳定剂Tinuvin 770和Tinuvin 327的ABS耐候性较好,光稳定剂Tinuvin 770和Tinuvin 327并用有协同作用.并讨论了ABS自然气候老化和氙灯人工气候老化的相关性.     

聚氨酯涂层老化研究进展

聚氨酯涂层具有柔韧性、力学性能良好等优点,已被广泛应用于基础设施防护领域。简单介绍了以聚氨酯涂层为代表的有机涂层自然暴露老化和人工加速老化两种老化方法,综述了聚氨酯涂层在自然暴露和人工加速环境下的老化行为、老化机理及聚氨酯涂层使用寿命预测研究进展。     

外刊文摘

塑料耐候性试验的研究1972,28,NO.5,18—28日本塑料标准试验方法研究会耐候性试验分会的研究者详细报导了大规模人工老化和大气老化的综合试验结果。试验样品为 ABS、PS(HI)、PP、POM、PC 和 PETP,人工加速试验组织了阳光型、紫外型和氙灯等四种不同光源的九种类型试验机共22台,进行全面的综合对比试验。并同时在美国的阿利     

聚丙烯高强丝防老化母粒的研制和应用

：将加入了防老化母粒的聚丙烯高强丝进行人工加速老化试验和户外大气暴露试验,讨论了防老化母粒在高强丝上的应用。结果表明：添加２％的防老化母粒,经１年的户外大气暴露试验,聚丙烯高强丝的断裂强度保持率高达８０．２％,断裂伸长保持率达７９．０％;而未加防老化母粒的聚丙烯高强丝,户外暴露５个月,断裂强度保持率降至４６．７％,断裂伸长保持率降至３６．４％。同时还对添加防老化母粒与使用耐候级聚丙烯专用料的耐候性、不同母粒添加量的耐候性做了对比。     

PVC涂层膜材料老化研究进展

介绍了PVC涂层膜材料的光氧老化机理;系统地介绍了人工加速老化试验和自然老化试验方法及参照的国内外标准,并对材料老化后的测试方法做了介绍;最后分析了PVC膜材料在人工加速老化试验和自然老化试验下的相关性的研究现状及存在的问题。     

Color changes due to thermal ageing and artificial weathering of pigmented and textured ABS

Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymers (ABS) are known to be sensitive towards ageing which can lead to color changes, primary interest in this study. The color changes were expressed in terms of the CIELAB color system. ABS plaques were subjected to heat ageing and artificial weathering. Uncolored ABS and dark gray colored specimens were employed. The pigmented ABS plaques were also imposed with different surface textures. In general, the uncolored material suffered from the most severe discoloration and the artificial weathering produced the strongest effect. For both types of specimens, a clear yellowing took place. Both the pigment system and the surface texture affected the color development during the ageing test. The latter can be of significant importance in certain applications when components with different surface textures are placed adjacent to each other. The surface micro‐hardness increased with increasing ageing time and its change followed that of the discoloration. Chemical changes of the surface layers were characterized by FTIR and were in accordance with results reported in the literature; i.e., an increase of the bands associated with carbonyl groups with increasing ageing time and a decrease of the bands associated with the polybutadiene phase clearly indicated chemical degradation due to ageing treatments. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Correlation between natural exposure and artificial ageing test for typical marine coating systems

Natural exposure test at Sanya and artificial ageing test were carried out for four kinds of typical marine coating system, respectively. The gloss, surface morphology, coating impedance, and infrared spectra of the coatings were measured with methods of SEM, EIS, and FT‐IR. The correlation between results from artificial ageing test and natural exposure test was discussed. The fluorocarbon paint showed longer ability to remain high gloss than polyurethane paint. The xenon lamp ageing test and natural exposure test led to similar changes in surface morphology of the coatings. For polyurethane paint under both tests, with extended testing time micropores and cracks occurred gradually on the surface, meantime the coating gloss decreased. The increase of the defect area corresponded well to the decrease of the coating gloss, suggesting that the degradation extent of the coating surface could be reflected by the gloss measurement. The rank correlation study showed that the results by 60 d, 150 d, 300 d, 360 d, and 450 d natural exposure, respectively, were very close to those by 228 h, 443 h, 841 h, 1958 h, and 4013 h artificial ageing test. Hence, the artificial xenon lamp ageing test may be used to simulate natural exposure test at Sanya. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43893.     

Accelerated and natural ageing of PVC foils

The photooxidation stability of PVC foils with various thicknesses (0,4; 0,2; 0,3 and 0,14 mm) intended for agricultural use is investigated during accelerated and natural ageing. The surface state variations are investigated by surface crazing, total colour variation and chemical composition of the surface layer (IR-spectra of MIR-IR-spectroscopy). The foil volume variations are investigated by means of differential IR-spectra, light transmission decrease and the specific elongation. An analogy in the PVC foils properties of 0,4 mm thickness both for accelerated and natural ageing is observed. It is established that during the 12 months induction period of time foils change negligibly their properties. The original properties of foils with thickness of 0,14 mm weathering for 15 months have changed less. For a period of 12 months the changes are considerable: the specific elongation decreased more than 50%, the plasticizers' concentration decreased by 8% and the light transmission — by 40% compared to the original values. The msuface roughness increased up to 5—7μm and the total colour rariation Δ E^*_ab achieved 25–40 relative units. During the artificial ageing in Xenotest-1200 it is found out that the foil thickness induces the photooxidation processes.     

悬浮法PEB-g-MAN/SAN共混物的热性能与耐老化性能研究

用悬浮接枝共聚法制备了乙烯-1-丁烯共聚物（PEB）与甲基丙烯酸甲酯和丙烯腈共聚物的接枝共聚物（PEB-g-MAN）,并用其增韧苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物（SAN）。用动态力学分析、热重分析、人工气候老化和热氧老化试验等方法研究了PEB-g-MAN/SAN共混物的热性能与耐老化性能。结果表明,PEB-g-MAN/SAN共混物的PEB组分和SAN组分的玻璃化转变温度（Tg）之差明显低于PEB弹性体与SAN树脂的Tg之差,表明PEB-g-MAN与SAN树脂具有良好的相容性;PEB-g-MAN/SAN共混物的热稳定性明显优于SAN树脂,耐气候老化黄变性能和热氧老化后缺口冲击强度保持率明显优于丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物（ABS）,而热氧老化后的拉伸、弯曲强度则稍逊于ABS。     

Comparison between natural and artificial weathering of e-coated galvanized steel panels

The natural weathering of electrophoretic coatings exposed to continental weather in Trento (Italy) for about one year was considered. The environmental factors (such as wet time, temperature, and r.h.) affecting the properties of the organic coatings were monitored and investigated to ensure a consistent comparison between the laboratory results and the real weathering of the materials. The properties of the coatings were evaluated also after different laboratory tests using mainly EIS. The effects of the accelerated ageing were compared to the results of the outdoor exposure to get some insight into the understanding of the correlation between indoor and outdoor exposure.     

稀土复合光敏剂在可焚烧可降解聚乙烯中的应用研究

采用人工加速老化实验箱、户外曝晒、自然环境土壤填埋等方法对含稀土复合光敏剂、碳酸钙和生物活性剂的不同配方的聚乙烯(PE)薄膜进行了老化降解实验,通过扫描电镜、热重红外联用仪、乌式薪度计等进行了分析表征。结果表明,稀土复合光敏剂可促进PE薄膜光诱导后避光继续氧化降解,可焚烧可降解PE薄膜具有光降解、生物降解、可焚烧等可环境消纳功能。