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1.
1,5-Bis(4-trimellitimido)naphthalene (II) was prepared by the condensation reaction of 1,5-naphthalenediamine and trimellitic anhydride. A series of aromatic poly(amide-imide)s
(IV
a–o) was synthesized by the direct polycondensation of the diimide-diacid (II) and various aromatic diamines (III
a–o). The reaction utilized triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents in the presence of calcium chloride in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). The inherent viscosities of the resulting poly(amide-imide)s were in the range of 0.55∼1.39 dL/g.
These polymers were generally soluble in polar solvents, such as N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), NMP, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Flexible and tough poly(amide-imide) films were obtained by casting from a DMAc solution and had
tensile strengths of 90∼145 MPa, elongations to break of 5∼13 %, and initial moduli of 2.29∼3.73 GPa. The glass transition
temperatures of some poly(amide-imide)s were recorded in the range of 206∼218 °C, and most of the polymers did not show discernible
glass transition on their DSC traces. The 10% weight loss temperatures were above 522 °C in nitrogen and above 474 °C in air
atmosphere. 相似文献
2.
An imide-containing dicarboxylic acid, 2,2-bis[4-(4-trimellitimidophenoxy)phenyl]-hexafluoropropane (I), was prepared by the condensation of 2,2-bis[4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]-hexafluoropropane and trimellitic anhydride. A series
of new hexafluoroisopropylidene-containing poly(amide-imide)s having inherent viscosities of 0.64–1.44 dL/g were prepared
by the direct polycondensation of diimide-diacid I with various long-chain aromatic diamines using triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in the presence of calcium chloride. Most of the resulting poly(amide-imide)s were noncrystalline and
showed good solubility in polar organic solvents. Almost all polymers afforded transparent, flexible, and tough films. The
10 % weight loss temperatures of these polymers were all above 499 °C, and the glass transition temperatures were in the range
of 203–277 °C. 相似文献
3.
Two bis(ether anhydride)s, 4,4′-[1,4-phenylenebis(isopropylidene-1,4-phenyleneoxy)]-diphthalic anhydride (IV
a) and 4,4′-[isopropylidenebis(1,4-phenylene)dioxy]diphthalic anhydride (IV
b), were prepared in three steps starting from the nucleophilic nitrodisplacement reaction of 4-nitrophthalonitrile with α,α
′-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-diisopropylbenzene (I
a) and 4,4′-isopropylidenediphenol (I
b) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) in the presence of potassium carbonate. The bis(ether anhydride)s IV
a and IV
b were polymerized with various aromatic diamines to obtain two series of poly(ether amic acid)s VI
a–g and VII
a–g with inherent viscosities in the range of 0.30∼0.74 and 0.29∼1.01 dL/g, respectively. The poly(ether amic acid)s were converted
to poly(ether imide)s VIII
a–g and IX
a–g by thermal cyclodehydration. Most of the poly(ether imide)s could afford flexible and tough films, and they showed high solubility
in polar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), N,N-dimethylacetamide, and m-cresol. The obtained poly(ether imide) films had tensile strengths of 45∼83 MPa, elongations-to-break of 6∼27%, and initial
modulus of 0.6∼1.7 GPa. The Tgs of poly(ether imide)s VIII
a–g and IX
a–g were in the range of 194∼210 and 204∼243 °C, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) showed that 10% weight loss temperatures
of all the polymers were above 500 °C in both air and nitrogen atomspheres. 相似文献
4.
Three biphenyl unit-containing diamines,4,4-bis(p-aminophenoxy)biphenyl (IIIa), 2,2-bis(p-aminophenoxy)biphenyl (IIIb), and 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4,4-bis(p-aminophenoxy)biphenyl (IIIc), were prepared by the chlorodisplacement ofp-chloronitrobenzene with 4,4-biphenol (Ia), 2,2-biphenol (Ib), and 3,3,5,5-tetramethyl-4,4-biphenol (Ic), respectively, giving the corresponding bis(nitrophenoxy) compounds IIa-c, followed by catalytic reduction with palladium (Pd) and hydrazine. Three series of polyimidesp-PI,o-PI, and Me-PI were prepared from diamines IIIa-c and aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides via a two-stage procedure that included ring-opening polyaddition to give poly(amic acid)s followed by thermal cyclodehydration to polyimides. The resultant three series of poly(amic acid)s had inherent viscosities of 1.09–2.83, 0.78–1.93, and 1.55–3.09 dL/g, respectively. Almost all the poly(amic acid)s could be solution-cast and thermally converted into transparent, flexible, and tough polyimide films. All the polyimides were characterized by solubility, tensile test, wide-angle X-ray scattering measurements, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Effects of the structures of aromatic diamines and dianhydrides on the properties of polyimides were investigated. 相似文献
5.
An imide ring containing dicarboxylic acid, 1,4-bis(4-trimellitimidophenoxy)benzene (III), was prepared by the condensation of 1,4-bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzene and trimellitic anhydride. A series of new poly(amide-ether-imide)s were prepared by the direct polycondensation of diimide-diacid III with various aromatic diamines using triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents inN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) in the presence of calcium chloride. The highest inherent viscosity value of a poly(amide-ether-imide) obtained was 1.78 dL/g (inN,N-dimethylacetamide, DMAc, at 30 °C). Flexible films with excellent tensile properties were cast from DMAc solutions. Glass transition temperatures of these poly(amide-ether-imide)s were recorded in the range of 248–297 C. These polymers do not show obvious weight loss before 400°C; the decomposition temperatures at which 10% weight loss in nitrogen and in air were observed for these poly(amide-ether-imide)s in the range of 521–564°C and 501–539°C, respectively. The polymers derived fromp-phenylenediamine or the diamines containing 1,4-bisphenoxy units exhibited a higher degree of crystallinity and higher initial decomposition temperatures but poor solubility in organic solvents. 相似文献
6.
Summary Thermally stable and optically active poly(amide-imide)s (PAIs) have been synthesized and their properties such as optical activity, solubility, thermal stability were studied. Polymers
were synthesized by solution polymerization of 4,4’–(hexafluoroisopropylidene)-N,N’-bis-(phthaloyl-L-methionine) diacid chloride and various aromatic diamines by three different methods. The compounds obtained
were characterized by elemental C, H and N analysis, solubility, FTIR, 1H NMR and 19F NMR spectroscopy. Thermogravimetric curves were also recorded. All data agree with the proposed structures. 相似文献
7.
A new diimide–diacid monomer, N,N′‐bis(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐4,4′‐oxydiphthalimide (I), was prepared by azeotropic condensation of 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA) and p‐aminobenzoic acid (p‐ABA) at a 1:2 molar ratio in a polar solvent mixed with toluene. A series of poly(amide–imide)s (PAI, IIIa–m) was synthesized from the diimide–diacid I (or I′, diacid chloride of I) and various aromatic diamines by direct polycondensation (or low temperature polycondensation) using triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents. It was found that only IIIk–m having a meta‐structure at two terminals of the diamine could afford good quality, creasable films by solution‐casting; other PAIs III using diamine with para‐linkage at terminals were insoluble and crystalline; though IIIg–i contained the soluble group of the diamine moieties, their solvent‐cast films were brittle. In order to improve their to solubility and film quality, copoly(amide–imide)s (Co‐PAIs) based on I and mixtures of p‐ABA and aromatic diamines were synthesized. When on equimolar of p‐ABA (m = 1) was mixed, most of Co‐PAIs IV had improved solubility and high inherent viscosities in the range 0.9–1.5 dl g?1; however, their films were still brittle. With m = 3, series V was obtained, and all members exhibited high toughness. The solubility, film‐forming ability, crystallinity, and thermal properties of the resultant poly(amide–imide)s were investigated. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
8.
Summary
A series of new aromatic poly(amide-imide)s were synthesized by the triphenyl phosphite activated polycondensation of the
diimide-diacid, 2,5-bis(trimellitimido)toluene (I) with various aromatic diamines. The poly(amide-imide)s had inherent viscosities of 0.69–1.89 dL/g. Most of the resulting
polymers showed an amorphous nature and were readily soluble in a variety of organic solvents. Transparent, flexible, and
tough films of these polymers could be cast from DMAc or NMP solutions. Their cast films had tensile strengths ranging from
76 to 112 MPa, elongations at break from 8 to 31%, and initial moduli from 2.20 to 2.99 GPa. The glass transition temperatures
of these polymers were in the range of 253–328°C.
Received: 25 September 1998/Revised version: 2 December 1998/Accepted: 8 December 1998 相似文献
9.
Summary
A series of new aromatic poly(amide-imide)s were synthesized by the triphenyl phosphite activated polycondensation of the
diimide-diacid, 1,4-bis(trimellitimido)-2,5-dimethylbenzene (I), with various aromatic diamines. The poly(amide-imide)s had inherent viscosities of 1.13–2.22 dL/g. Most of the resulting
polymers showed an amorphous nature and were readily soluble in a variety of organic solvents. Transparent, flexible, and
tough films of these polymers could be cast from DMAc or NMP solutions. Their cast films had tensile strengths ranging from
64 to 116 MPa, elongations at break from 6 to 20%, and initial moduli from 2.18 to 3.90 GPa. The glass transition temperatures
of these polymers were in the range of 247–324°C.
Received: 13 April 1999/Revised version: 28 May 1999/Accepted: 26 June 1999 相似文献
10.
Two diamine monomers, 4,4′-[sulfonylbis(1,4-phenyleneoxy)]dianiline (III
a
) and 4,4′-[sulfonylbis(2,6-dimethyl-l,4-phenyleneoxy)]dianiline (III
b
), were prepared by an aromatic nucleophilic substitution of 4,4′-sulfonyldiphenol (I
a
) and 4,4′-sulfonylbis(2,6-dimethylphenol) (I
b
) with p-chloronitrobenzene in the presence of potassium carbonate, followed by hydrazine catalytic reduction of the intermediate
dinitro compounds. The diamines III
a
and III
b
were used as monomers with various aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides (IV
a–f
) to synthesize polyimides. The polymerization was conducted in two steps via the formation of a poly(amic acid) precursor
followed by thermal cyclodehydration. The poly(amic acid)s had inherent viscosities above 0.87 and up to 2.56 dL/g. Most poly(amic
acid)s could be coated and thermodehydrated into flexible and transparent polyimide films. The polyimides derived from the
dianhydrides containing-O-and-SO2-or-C(CF3)2-bridging groups between the phthalic anhydride units were soluble in some organic solvents such as N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The glass transition temperatures (Tg) of the polyimides were in the range from 254 to 300 °C. The methyl-substituted polyimides exhibited slightly higher solubility
and higher Tg compared to the corresponding unsubstituted polyimides. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) showed that the polyimides containing
methyl substitutents started to lose weight around 450 °C and the unsubstituted ones started to lose weight around 550 °C. 相似文献
11.
Two diimide-diacid monomers 4,4′-bis[4″-(trimellitimido)phenyl isopropylidene-4″′-phenoxy]diphenyl sulfone and 4,4′-bis[4″-(trimellitimido)phenylisopropylidene-4″′-phenoxy]
were synthesized. The structures of the monomers were characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. A series of novel poly(amide-imide)s were prepared from this two diacids and aromatic diamines through
phosphorylation reaction. The PAIs were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, XRD, TGA, and DSC, solution viscosity, solubility test and electrical properties. Poly(amide-imide)s showed excellent
solubility due to the presence of flexible groups and isopropylidene unit in the polymer backbone. They also exhibited good
thermal stability and the temperatures at which 10% weight loss occurred in the range 385–465 °C. These PAIs found to have
a dielectric constant in the range 3.25–4.20 at 10 kHz and have excellent electrical insulation character and can be used
as insulation materials for electrical items operating at elevated temperatures. 相似文献
12.
A new type of tetraimide‐dicarboxylic acid (I) was synthesized starting from the ring‐opening addition of m‐aminobenzoic acid (m‐ABA), 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA) and 4,4′‐methylenedianiline (MDA) at a 2:2:1 molar ratio in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP), followed by cyclodehydration to the diacid I. A series of soluble and light‐coloured poly(amide–imide–imide)s (IIIa–j) was prepared by triphenyl phosphite‐activated polycondensation from the tetraimide‐diacid I with various aromatic diamines (IIa–j). All films cast from DMAc had cutoff wavelengths shorter than 400 nm (376–393 nm) and had b* values between 20.46 and 40.67; these polymers were much lighter in colour than those of the corresponding trimellitimide series. All polymers were readily soluble in a variety of organic solvents such as NMP, N,N‐dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, and even in the less polar m‐cresol and pyridine. Compared with those of corresponding ODPA–MDA polyimide, the solubilities of poly(amide–imide–imide)s IIIa–j were greatly improved. Polymers IIIa–j afforded tough, transparent, and flexible films, which had tensile strengths ranging from 82 to 105 MPa, elongations at break from 8 to 14%, and initial moduli from 2.0 to 2.2 GPa. The glass transition temperature of polymers were recorded at 255–288 °C. They had 10% weight loss at a temperature above 540 °C and left more than 60% residue even at 800 °C in nitrogen. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
13.
A series of novel aromatic diamines containing kinked m-chloro phenyl moiety was synthesized by the reaction of m-chloro benzaldehyde with 2,6-dimethyl aniline. The tetraimide diacid was synthesized by using the prepared diamine with benzophenone
tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (BPTDA) and p-amino benzoic acid. The polymers were prepared by treating the tetraimide diacid with different aromatic diamines. The structures
of the monomers and polymers were identified by 1H-NMR, FTIR,13C-NMR and elemental analysis. The polymers showed excellent thermal stability, solubility and mechanical properties. Their
structure–property relationship was studied by comparing these m-chloro polymers with polymers containing rigid Pyridine moiety. 相似文献
14.
A series of organosoluble aromatic poly(ether imide)s (PEIs) VIIa-k were synthesized from 4,4′-[(octahydro-4,7-methano-5H-inden-5-ylidene)bis(1,4-phenylene)dioxy] diphthalic dianhydride (IV) and various aromatic diamines. PEIs synthesized through two-stage polymerization had inherent viscosities of 0.51–0.64 dL/g. This series of polymers could also be synthesized from IV and diamines in a small amount of refluxing m-cresol in a one-step process and had inherent viscosities of 0.65–0.87 dL/g. For the low melting point diamines (Vj and Vk), polymers could be obtained by bulk polymerization and had inherent viscosities of 0.36 and 0.41 dL/g. Polymers showed good organosolubility and could be cast into transparent, flexible, and tough polyimide films with good tensile properties. These PEIs had glass transition temperatures among 203–281°C. Thermogravimetric analyses established that these polymers were fairly stable up to 430°C, and the 10% weight loss temperatures were recorded in the range of 473–503°C in nitrogen and 481–512°C in air atmosphere. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 73: 987–996, 1999 相似文献
15.
A novel siloxane-containing diamine, bis(p-aminophenoxy)methylphenylsilane (BAMPS), was synthesized from the condensation of dichloromethylphenylsilane with p-aminophenol in the presence of triethylamine. A series of BAMPS-based aromatic polyimides were prepared from BAMPS and various aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides by the usual two-step procedure including ring-opening polyaddition to poly(amic acid)s and subsequent cyclodehydration to polyimides. The inherent viscosities of poly(amic acid)s IIIa - IIIf ranged from 0.09 to 0.36 dL g−1 in N,N-dimethylacetamide at a concentration of 0.5 g dL−1 at 30°C. The inherent viscosities of polyimides were between 0.06 and 0.32 dL g−1 in various solvents at 30°C. Polyimides, especially IVc and IVf , were soluble in a wide range of organic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, concentrated H2SO4, N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide. The polyimides were characterized by elementary analysis, IR spectra, TGA, and DSC. They also had glass transition temperatures ranging from 128 to 181°C. The 10% mass loss temperature was recorded in the range of 404–443°C in nitrogen and of 315–339°C in oxygen. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
16.
Fabien Choffat Yves Buchmüller Christian Mensing Paul Smith Walter Caseri 《Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials》2009,19(2):166-175
Poly(di(ω-alkylphenyl)stannane)s, [Sn(C
n
H2n
Ph)2]
m
with n = 2–4, and a copolymer of di(3-propylphenyl)stannane and dibutylstannane of weight-average molar masses of 2–8 · 104 g/mol were synthesized by dehydropolymerization of stannanes of the composition H2SnR2 using Wilkinson’s catalyst [RhCl(PPh3)3]. At least two methylene groups were required as spacers between the phenyl group and the tin atom for polymerization to
occur. The polystannanes were characterized by, among other techniques, 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR spectroscopy, thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction. The polymers featured properties different from those of the
corresponding poly(dialkylstannane)s. Specifically, the [Sn(C
n
H2n
Ph)2]
m
family displayed glass transitions at remarkably low temperatures, down to ca. −50 °C, and a lower value for a copolymer
(−68 °C). Polymers [Sn(CnH2nPh)2]m with n = 2 and 3 and a copolymer at room temperature were of a gel-like concistence, which enabled facile orientation with shear
forces. Finally, the temperature-dependent electrical conductivity was determined for poly(di(3-propylphenyl)stannane), which
followed the law of typical semiconductors, with an activation energy for conduction of 0.12 eV. 相似文献
17.
Summary N,N′-(3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic)-3,3′,4,4′-diimido-di-L-methionine (3) was prepared from the reaction of 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic-3,3′,4,4′-dianhydride (1) with L-methionine (2) in a solution of (glacial acetic acid/pyridine) at refluxing temperature. The phosphorylation polycondensation of the diimide-diacid
monomer (3) with 1,3-phenylenediamine (4a), 1,4-phenylenediamine (4b), 2,6-diaminopyridine (4c), 3,5-diaminopyridine (4d), 4,4′-diaminobiphenyl (4e) and 4,4′-diaminodiphenylsulfone (4f) was carried out in N-methyl-2-pyrolidone (NMP). The resulting poly (amide-imide)s showed admirable moderate inherent viscosities (0.23–0.48 dl
g-1), good thermal stability and improved optical activity. All of the above compounds were fully characterized by IR spectroscopy,
elemental analysis and specific rotation. Some structural characterization and physical properties of these new poly (amide-imide)s
are presented. 相似文献
18.
Fluorinated diimide-dicarboxylic acid (DIDA, Code: IV), 1,4-bis(4-trimellitimido-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy) benzene, synthesized by reacting 1,4-bis(4-amino-2-trifluoromethyl phenoxy)benzene (I) with trimellitic anhydride in polar solvents (PSv), was found to crystallize easily in amide-type solvents, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), or 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI) media, to form a series of stable crystalline solvates (III(NMP), III(DMAc), IIIDMF), III(DMI)) containing a certain quantity of crystalline solvent. The solvates III(PSv) were characterized and proven by DSC, TGA, and X-ray analysis. The decomposition point temperature (Td) was different with the type of polar solvents in III(PSv). Elemental analysis and NMR showed that most of the III(PSv) were formed from IV and polar solvents in the ratio of 1:2, and the solvation processes were found to be reversible. Furthermore, a series of soluble fluorinated poly(amide-imide)s (VIa-h) were synthesized from reacting either the NMP-solvates III(NMP) or dry/non-solvates IV with an equivalent amount of diamines by direct polycondensation using triphenyl phosphate and pyridine as condensing agents. Thermal and mechanical properties of the fluorinated VIa-h were measured, and compared with counterparts of non-fluorinated PAI's (Code: VI′s). In comparison, the fluorinated VIa-h poly(amide-imide)s exhibited better solubility, tensile, and thermal properties than the non-fluorinated VI′s. 相似文献
19.
A diamime monomer with ether-ketone group, 4,4'-Bis(4-aminophenoxy)benzophenone (II) was prepared through the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene with 4,4'-Dihydroxybenzophenone in the presence of potassium carbonate in N,N-dimethylformamide, followed by catalytic reduction with hydrazine and Pd/C. Polyimides (PI) V
a–f
(H), V
a–f
(C) and copolyimides (co-PI) V
b–d/m(e–f) were synthesized from II and six kinds of commercial aromatic dianhydrides (III
a–f
)via thermal or chemical imidization method. Poly(amic acid) (IV
a–f
)had inherent viscosities range from 0.81 to 0.98 dL/g. PI of thermal imidization method was showed poor solubility even sulfuric acid. But PI of chemical imidization method V
e,f
(C) and (co-PI(C)) could be dissolved. The reason is that the ketone group of poly(amic acid) segments linked with the terminal amino group of polymer chains during thermal imidization. PI films V
a–f
(H) had tensile strengths of 101–118 MPa, elongations to break of 11–32%, and initial moduli of 2.1–2.8 GPa. The glass transition temperatures of V series were in the range of 252–278°C, and the temperatures of 10% weight loss (T
10) were above 529°C and their residues more than 50% at 800°C in nitrogen. V series also measured the color, dielectric constants and moisture absorptions. Their films had cutoff wavelengths between 378–421 nm, b
* values ranging from 16.4 to 77.1, dielectric constants of 3.47–3.85 (1 MHz), and moisture absorptions in the range of 0.31–0.46 wt%. 相似文献
20.
A series of polyimides IIIa-h characterized by colorlessness, high transparency, high solubility, and good mechanical property, was synthesized from the aromatic dianhydride, 2,5-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)-t-butylbenzene dianhydride (I), and various aromatic diamines (IIa-h) with pendent trifluoromethyl group via polyaddition, chemical imidization, and direct cast films. The III series showed more colorless than the polyimides (V and VI series) of 2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6FDA) contained, the VI series was synthesized from the II with 6FDA. These films III had cut-off wavelengths between 371 and 376 nm, as well as b* value (a yellowness index) ranging from 3.0 to 4.7. In fact, it is so far the most colorless aromatic polyimide in our systematical researches. The III series had inherent viscosity ranging from 0.72 to 1.33 dL/g and showed excellent solubility in a variety of organic solvents. They were soluble in a concentration of 5-10% in the amide polar solvent, ether solvent, and chlorinated solvent. These films showed strength tensile of 97-123 MPa, dielectric constants of 2.78-3.28 (1 MHz), and moisture absorptions of 0.11-0.36 wt%. The glass transition temperature of the III series was recorded at 214-259 °C, the 10% weight loss temperature was over 468 °C, and the residue was more than 47% at 800 °C in nitrogen. 相似文献