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软刻蚀技术是基于传统光刻蚀技术提出的一系列技术,包括微模塑、转移微模塑和毛细微模塑等,其共同特点是利用弹性模作为微结构转移元件,复制其他方法制备的原始模板的微结构,再用此弹性模进行微结构的成形。因其成本低廉、操作过程简单,为陶瓷微器件的制备提供了一种先进的净成形加工技术。其工艺步骤主要包括:弹性模的制备、浆料或陶瓷预聚体的制备、注模、干燥(交联固化)、脱模和烧结。本文按照制备工艺综述了软刻蚀技术成形陶瓷微器件的研究进展,着重讨论了影响微成形的关键因素,并对将来的研究方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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报道了反应离子刻蚀转移图形过程中对Amonil光刻胶的刻蚀参数优化的结果.利用软膜紫外光固化纳米压印技术,首先制备了线宽/间距均为200 nm的纳米光栅结构.然后采用反应离子刻蚀的方法去除残留的Amonil光刻胶.研究了不同的气体组成、射频功率、压强和气体流量对刻蚀形貌、表面粗糙度以及刻蚀速度的影响.在优化的工艺条件下,获得了理想的具有垂直侧壁形貌和较小表面粗糙度的纳米光栅阵列.结果表明,选择优化的刻蚀工艺参数,既能有效地改善图形转移的性能,同时也能提高所制备结构的光学应用特性. 相似文献
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Perovskite Solar Cells: Moth‐Eye TiO2 Layer for Improving Light Harvesting Efficiency in Perovskite Solar Cells (Small 18/2016)
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Seong Min Kang Segeun Jang Jong‐Kwon Lee Jungjin Yoon Dong‐Eun Yoo Jin‐Wook Lee Mansoo Choi Nam‐Gyu Park 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,12(18):2530-2530
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《影响评估与项目评价》2013,31(2):109-116
Traditional expert (or technocratic) approaches to Technology Assessment have been fundamentally challenged by two observations. The first is that social impacts are not side effects of technology; they are core dimensions of new technology and technological development, and are a function of the coproduction of technology and society. As such, they can only be understood in social, not technical terms. Secondly, technological developments are driven by particular visions for society that are normative. Because these visions (and the latent premises that underpin them) are implicit and not negotiated by society, they are, in effect, undemocratic. Participatory methods have been utilized by Technology Assessment to improve the evaluation of the social and ethical dimensions of technology, and to democratize decision making about science and technology. However, we argue that public participation on its own does not necessarily lead to deeper understandings of social effects, nor necessarily to democratic input into decision making. We therefore make a case for a new form of Technology Assessment which we call TASC — Technology Assessment in Social Context. It takes a constructive, social systems approach to assess technology in social context and seeks to shape technology and social contexts through information, interaction and dialogue. 相似文献
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Dynamically Tuning Particle Interactions and Assemblies at Soft Interfaces: Reversible Order–Disorder Transitions in 2D Particle Monolayers
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Particles trapped at fluid interfaces experience long‐range interactions that determine their assembly behavior. Because particle interactions at fluid interfaces tend to be unusually strong, once particles organize themselves into a 2D assembly, it is challenging to induce changes in their microstructure. In this report, a new approach is presented to induce reversible order–disorder transitions (ODTs) in the 2D monolayer of colloidal particles trapped at a soft gel–fluid interface. Particles at the soft interface, consisting of a nonpolar superphase and a weakly gelled subphase, initially form a monolayer with a highly ordered structure. The structure of this monolayer can be dynamically varied by the addition or removal of the oil phase. Upon removing the oil via evaporation, the initially ordered particle monolayer undergoes ODT, driven by capillary attractions. The ordered monolayer can be recovered through disorder‐to‐order transition by simply adding oil atop the particle‐laden soft interface. The possibility to dynamically tune the interparticle interactions using soft interfaces can potentially enable control of the transport and mechanical properties of particle‐laden interfaces and provide model systems to study particle‐laden soft interfaces that are relevant to biological tissues or organs. 相似文献
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Lothar Weinhardt Dirk Hauschild Clemens Heske 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2019,31(26)
Thin‐film solar cells have great potential to overtake the currently dominant silicon‐based solar cell technologies in a strongly growing market. Such thin‐film devices consist of a multilayer structure, for which charge‐carrier transport across interfaces plays a crucial role in minimizing the associated recombination losses and achieving high solar conversion efficiencies. Further development can strongly profit from a high‐level characterization that gives a local, electronic, and chemical picture of the interface properties, which allows for an insight‐driven optimization. Herein, the authors' recent progress of applying a “toolbox” of high‐level laboratory‐ and synchrotron‐based electron and soft X‐ray spectroscopies to characterize the chemical and electronic properties of such applied interfaces is provided. With this toolbox in hand, the activities are paired with those of experts in thin‐film solar cell preparation at the cutting edge of current developments to obtain a deeper understanding of the recent improvements in the field, e.g., by studying the influence of so‐called “post‐deposition treatments”, as well as characterizing the properties of interfaces with alternative buffer layer materials that give superior efficiencies on large, module‐sized areas. 相似文献
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Viviana Mouri?o Juan Pablo Cattalini Aldo R. Boccaccini 《Journal of the Royal Society Interface》2012,9(68):401-419
This article provides an overview on the application of metallic ions in the fields of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering, focusing on their therapeutic applications and the need to design strategies for controlling the release of loaded ions from biomaterial scaffolds. A detailed summary of relevant metallic ions with potential use in tissue engineering approaches is presented. Remaining challenges in the field and directions for future research efforts with focus on the key variables needed to be taken into account when considering the controlled release of metallic ions in tissue engineering therapeutics are also highlighted. 相似文献