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1.
Yuji Shimada Norihito Sakai Akio Sugihara Hiroyuki Fujita Yo Honda Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1998,75(11):1539-1544
γ-Linolenic acid (GLA) is a physiologically valuable fatty acid, and is desired as a medicine, but a useful method available
for industrial purification has not been established. Thus, large-scale purification was attempted by a combination of enzymatic
reactions and distillation. An oil containing 45% GLA (GLA45 oil) produced by selective hydrolysis of borage oil was used
as a starting material. GLA45 oil was hydrolyzed at 35°C in a mixture containing 33% water and 250 U/g-reaction mixture of
Pseudomonas sp. lipase; 91.5% hydrolysis was attained after 24 h. Film distillation of the dehydrated reaction mixture separated free
fatty acids (FFA; acid value 199) with a recovery of 94.5%. The FFA were selectively esterified at 30°C for 16 h with two
molar equivalents of lauryl alcohol and 50 U/g of Rhizopus delemar lipase in a mixture containing 20% water. The esterification extent was 52%, and the GLA content in the FFA fraction was
raised to 89.5%. FFA and lauryl esters were not separated by film distillation, but the FFA-rich fraction contaminated with
18% lauryl esters was recovered by simple distillation. To further increase the GLA content, the FFA-rich fraction was selectively
esterified again under similar conditions. As a result, the GLA content in the FFA fraction was raised to 97.3% at 15.2% esterification.
After simple distillation of the reaction mixture, lauryl esters contaminating the FFA-rich fraction were completely eliminated
by urea adduct fractionation. When 10 kg of GLA45 oil was used as a starting material, 2.07 kg of FFA with 98.6% GLA was obtained
with a recovery of 49.4% of the initial content. 相似文献
2.
Yuji Shimada Akio Sugihara Masahiro Shibahiraki Hiroyuki Fujita Hirofumi Nakano Toshihiro Nagao Tadamasa Terai Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1997,74(11):1465-1470
γ-Linolenic acid (GLA) was purified from borage oil by a two-step enzymatic method. The first step involved hydrolysis of
borage oil (GLA content, 22.2 wt%) with lipase, Pseudomonas sp. enzyme (LIPOSAM). A mixture of 3 g borage oil, 2 g water, and 5000 units (U) LIPOSAM was incubated at 35°C with stirring
at 500 rpm. The reaction was 91.5% complete after 24 h. The resulting free fatty acids (FFA) were extracted from the reaction
mixture with n-hexane (GLA content, 22.5 wt%; recovery of GLA, 92.7%). The second step involved selective esterification of borage-FFA with
lauryl alcohol by using Rhizopus delemar lipase. A mixture containing 4 g borage-FFA/lauryl alcohol (1:2, mol/mol), 1 g water, and 1000 U lipase was incubated at
30°C for 20 h with stirring at 500 rpm. Under these conditions, 74.4% of borage-FFA was esterified, and the GLA content in
the FFA fraction was enriched from 22.5 to 70.2 wt% with a recovery of 75.1% of the initial content. To further elevate the
GLA content, unesterified fatty acids were extracted, and esterified again in the same manner. By this repeated esterification,
GLA was purified to 93.7 wt% with a recovery of 67.5% of its initial content. 相似文献
3.
Yuji Shimada Masaharu Suenaga Akio Sugihara Seiichi Nakai Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1999,76(2):189-193
Production of a structured lipid containing γ-linolenic acid (GLA) achieved by the continuous acidolysis of borage oil with
caprylic acid (CA) using 1,3-specific Rhizopus delemar lipase as a catalyst. The lipase immobilized on a ceramic carrier was activated by feeding the borage oil/CA (1:2, w/w) mixture
saturated with water into a column packed with the enzyme. However, the generation of partial glycerides (20%) in the reaction
mixture showed that hydrolysis occurred concomitantly with acidolysis. The concomitant hydrolysis was completely repressed
by feeding the oil/CA substrate mixture without adding additional water. When the substrate mixture was fed at 30°C and a
flow rate of 4.5 mL/h into a column packed with 8 g of the carrier with immobilized lipase, the content of CA incorporated
in glycerides was 50 to 55 mol%. The acidolysis activity scarcely changed even though the substrate mixture was continuously
fed for 60 d; then it gradually decreased. The CA content in glycerides was decreased to 73% of the initial value after 100
d, but returned to the initial level when the flow rate was reduced to 3.1 mL/h. Molecular distillation was employed to separate
the transesterified oil from the reaction mixture. No glycerides were detected in the distillate, and the transesterified
oil was recovered as the residue (acid value, 2.6). Regiospecific analysis of the transesterified oil showed that only fatty
acids at the 1- and 3-positions of borage oil were exchanged for CA. It was additionally found by high-performance liquid
chromatography analysis that all the triglycerides contained one or two CA, and that the triglyceride with two GLA and one
CA was also present, because the lipase acted on GLA very weakly. 相似文献
4.
Selective hydrolysis of borage (Borago officinalis L.) oil was catalyzed by two lipase preparations of Nigella sativa L. seeds at 40°C in a mixture of borage oil, water, and hexane. Ammonium sulfate-precipitated lipase (Nigella PL) and lipase partially purified by DEAE-ion exchange chromatography (Nigella CPL) exhibited a negative specificity toward γ-linolenic acid (GLA). Best results were obtained in the experiments conducted
with 330 U/g oil of Nigella PL and 200 U/g oil of nigella CPL. When 330 U/g oil of Nigella PL was used, after 8 h the GLA level rose from 21.9% in the starting oil to 29.6 and 41.8% in TAG and DAG fractions of the product
mixtures, respectively (1.5-fold enrichment of GLA in the total unhydrolyzed acylglycerol fraction). At 200 U/g oil enzyme
concentration of Nigella CPL, after 77 h maximum GLA enrichment was observed in the DAG fraction. The GLA content of the DAG increased to 34.6%, corresponding
to almost 1.6-fold enrichment. The relative inability of Nigella sativa lipase(s) to hydrolyze γ-linolenoyl moieties of TAG can be used for the enrichment of this acid in the unhydrolyzed acylglycerol
fractions of GLA-containing oils. 相似文献
5.
Akiko Kawashima Yuji Shimada Toshihiro Nagao Akihiro Ohara Tsugio Matsuhisa Akio Sugihara Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2002,79(9):871-877
γ-Linolenic acid (GLA) has the physiological functions of modulating immune and inflammatory responses. We produced structured
TAG rich in 1,3-dicapryloyl-2-γ-linolenoyl glycerol (CGC) from GLA-rich oil (GLA45 oil; GLA content, 45.4 wt%), which was
prepared by hydrolysis of borage oil with Candida rugosa lipase having weak activity on GLA. A mixture of GLA45 oil/caprylic acid (CA) (1∶2, w/w) was continuously fed into a fixed-bed
bioreactor (18×180 mm) packed with 15 g immobilized Rhizopus oryzae lipase at 30°C, and a flow rate of 4 g/h. The acidolysis proceeded efficiently, and a significant decrease of lipase activity
was not observed in full-time operation for 1 mon. GLA45 oil contained 10.2 mol% MAG and 27.2 mol% DAG. However, the reaction
converted the partial acylglycerols to structured TAG and tricaprylin and produced 44.5 mol% CGC based on the content of total
acylglycerols. Not only FFA in the reaction mixture but also part of the tricaprylin and partial acylglycerols were removed
by molecular distillation. The distillation resulted in an increase of the CGC content in the purified product to 52.6 mol%.
The results showed that CGC-rich structured TAG can efficiently be produced by a two-step process comprising selective hydrolysis
of borage oil using C. rugosa lipase (first step) and acidolysis of the resulting GLA-rich oil with CA using immobilized R. oryzae lipase (second step). 相似文献
6.
Purification of docosahexaenoic acid from tuna oil by a two-step enzymatic method: Hydrolysis and selective esterification 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Yuji Shimada Kazuaki Maruyama Akio Sugihara Shigeru Moriyama Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1997,74(11):1441-1446
Purification of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was attempted by a two-step enzymatic method that consisted of hydrolysis of tuna
oil and selective esterification of the resulting free fatty acids (FFA). When more than 60% of tuna oil was hydrolyzed with
Pseudomonas sp. lipase (Lipase-AK), the DHA content in the FFA fraction coincided with its content in the original tuna oil. This lipase
showed stronger activity on the DHA ester than on the eicosapentaenoic acid ester and was suitable for preparation of FFA
rich in DHA. When a mixture of 2.5 g tuna oil, 2.5 g water, and 500 units (U) of Lipase-AK per 1 g of the reaction mixture
was stirred at 40°C for 48 h, 83% of DHA in tuna oil was recovered in the FFA fraction at 79% hydrolysis. These fatty acids
were named tuna-FFA-Ps. Selective esterification was then conducted at 30°C for 20 h by stirring a mixture of 4.0 g of tuna-FFA-Ps/lauryl alcohol (1:2, mol/mol), 1.0 g water, and 1,000 U of Rhizopus delemar lipase. As a result, the DHA content in the unesterified FFA fraction could be raised from 24 to 72 wt% in an 83% yield.
To elevate the DHA content further, the FFA were extracted from the reaction mixture with n-hexane and esterified again under the same conditions. The DHA content was raised to 91 wt% in 88% yield by the repeated
esterification. Because selective esterification of fatty acids with lauryl alcohol proceeded most efficiently in a mixture
that contained 20% water, simultaneous reactions during the esterification were analyzed qualitatively. The fatty acid lauryl
esters (L-FA) generated by the esterification were not hydrolyzed. In addition, L-FA were acidolyzed with linoleic acid, but
not with DHA. These results suggest that lauryl DHA was generated only by esterification. 相似文献
7.
M. S. K. Syed Rahmatullah V. K. S. Shukla K. D. Mukherjee 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1994,71(6):569-573
Lipase-catalyzed selective partial hydrolysis of evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.) seed oil and borage (Borago officinalis L.) seed oil led to an increase in the level of γ-linolenic acid (GLA; 18∶3n−6) in the unhydrolyzed acylglycerols. Thus,
in evening primrose oil, the GLA level could be raised from 9.4% in the starting material to 46.5% in the unhydrolyzed acylglycerols
by means of a lipase fromCandida cylindracea. Selective hydrolysis of borage oil with Pancreatin led to an increase in the GLA content from 20.4% in the oil to 33.5%
in the unhydrolyzed acylglycerols. Partial hydrolysis of borage oil with lipase fromC. cylindracea raised the GLA content of the acylglycerols to 47.8%. 相似文献
8.
Yuji Shimada Akio Sugihara Yumi Minamigawa Kenichi Higashiyama Kengo Akimoto Shigeaki Fujikawa Sadao Komemushi Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1998,75(12):1213-1217
An attempt was made to enrich arachidonic acid (AA) from Mortierella single-cell oil, which had an AA content of 25%. The first step involved the hydrolysis of the oil with Pseudomonas sp. lipase. A mixture of 2.5 g oil, 2.5 g water, and 4000 units (U) Pseudomonas lipase was incubated at 40°C for 40 h with stirring at 500 rpm. The hydrolysis was 90% complete after 40 h, and the resulting
free fatty acids (FFA) were extracted with n-hexane (AA content, 25%; recovery of AA, 91%). The second step involved the selective esterification of the fatty acids with
lauryl alcohol and Candida rugosa lipase. A mixture of 3.5 g fatty acids/lauryl alcohol (1:1, mol/mol), 1.5 g water, and 1000 U Candida lipase was incubated at 30°C for 16 h with stirring at 500 rpm. Under these conditions, 55% of the fatty acids were esterified,
and the AA content in the FFA fraction was raised to 51% with a 92% yield. The long-chain saturated fatty acids in the FFA
fraction were eliminated as urea adducts. This procedure raised the AA content to 63%. To further elevate the AA content,
the fatty acids were esterified again in the same manner with Candida lipase. The repeated esterification raised the AA content to 75% with a recovery of 71% of its initial content. 相似文献
9.
Yuji Shimada Akio Sugihara Yumi Minamigawa Kenichi Higashiyama Kengo Akimoto Shigeaki Fujikawa Sadao Komemushi Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1998,75(9):1213-1217
An attempt was made to enrich arachidonic acid (AA) from Mortierella single-cell oil, which had an AA content of 25%. The first step involved the hydrolysis of the oil with Pseudomonas sp. lipase. A mixture of 2.5 g oil, 2.5 g water, and 4000 units (U) Pseudomonas lipase was incubated at 40°C for 40 h with stirring at 500 rpm. The hydrolysis was 90% complete after 40 h, and the resulting
free fatty acids (FFA) were extracted with n-hexane (AA content, 25%; recovery of AA, 91%). The second step involved the selective esterification of the fatty acids with
lauryl alcohol and Candida rugosa lipase. A mixture of 3.5 g fatty acids/lauryl alcohol (1:1, mol/mol), 1.5 g water, and 1000 U Candida lipase was incubated at 30°C for 16 h with stirring at 500 rpm. Under these conditions, 55% of the fatty acids were esterified,
and the AA content in the FFA fraction was raised to 51% with a 92% yield. The long-chain saturated fatty acids in the FFA
fraction were eliminated as urea adducts. This procedure raised the AA content to 63%. To further elevate the AA content,
the fatty acids were esterified again in the same manner with Candida lipase. The repeated esterification raised the AA content to 75% with a recovery of 71% of its initial content. 相似文献
10.
Fang-Cheng Huang Yi-Hsu Ju Jen-Chung Chiang 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1999,76(7):833-837
γ-Linolenic acid (GLA), a precursor of arachidonic acid, possesses physiological functions of modulating immune and inflammatory
response. Highly purified GLA is desired both as a medicine and as an ingredient of cosmetics. In this work, urea fractionation
and lipase-catalyzed reactions were employed for the enrichment of GLA in borage oil. GLA content in free fatty acids from
saponified borage oil can be increased from 23.6 to 94% by the method of urea fractionation. Partial hydrolysis of borage
oil catalyzed by immobilized Candida rugosa lipase raises GLA content in the unhydrolyzed acylglycerols from 23.6 to 52.1%. The IM-60 catalyzed acidolysis reaction between
the GLA-rich free fatty acid and the unhydrolyzed acylglycerols increases the GLA content in the acylglycerols from 52.1 to
75%. The acylglycerols in the reaction product contains ca. 90% triacylglycerol. The effects of temperature, water content, substrate weight ratio, and organic solvents on the GLA content
in the acylglycerols were examined. 相似文献
11.
The γ-linolenic acid (Z,Z,Z-6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid, GLA) present in borage oil free fatty acids was concentrated in esterification reactions that
were catalyzed by several preparations of the acyl-specific lipase ofGeotrichum candidum. In this manner, a 95% recovery of the GLA originally present in borage oil (25% GLA) was obtained as a highly enriched fatty
acid fraction with a GLA content of >70%. Other fatty acids concentrated in this fraction were the monounsaturated fatty acids
with chainlengths of C-20 and longer that were present in the oil. An immobilized preparation ofG. candidum on silica gel also was used for the enrichment of GLA in borage oil. In this instance, a 75% recovery of GLA was obtained,
and the supported lipase was reusable (three cycles) with minimal loss in activity.
Presented in part at the 84th Annual Meeting of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, Anaheim, California, May 1993. 相似文献
12.
Fang-Cheng Huang Yi-Hsu Ju Cheng-Wei Huang 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1997,74(8):977-981
Three lipase-catalyzed reactions were utilized to enrich γ-linolenic acid in borage oil: (i) selective hydrolysis in isooctane
by Candida rugosa lipase immobilized on microporous polypropylene, (ii) selective esterification of free fatty acid from saponified borage
oil and n-butanol by Lipozyme IM-20, and (iii) acidolysis of the products of the previous two reactions, that is, unhydrolyzed acylglycerols
and unesterified free fatty acid. In the selective hydrolysis, γ-linolenic acid content could be raised from 23.6 mol% in
borage oil to 51.7% in the unhydrolyzed acylglycerols. On the other hand, γ-linolenic acid content in free fatty acid could
be increased to 87% after selective esterification. Products with 65% γ-linolenic acid in their acylglycerols were obtained
by means of the acidolysis reaction. 相似文献
13.
Purification of arachidonic acid (AA) from Mortierella alpina single-cell oil was attempted. The process comprised three steps: (i) preparation of FFA by nonselective hydrolysis of the
oil with Alcaligenes sp. lipase; (ii) elimination of long-chain saturated FA from the resulting FFA by urea adduct fractionation; and (iii) enrichment
of AA through lipase-catalyzed selective esterification with lauryl alcohol (LauOH). In the third step, screening of industrially
available lipases indicated that Burkholderia cepacia lipase (Lipase-PS, Amano Enzyme Inc., Aichi, Japan) acted on AA more weakly than on other FA and was the most effective for
enrichment of AA in the FFA fraction. When the FFA obtained by urea adduct fractionation were esterified with 2 molar equivalents
of LauOH at 30°C for 16 h in a mixture with 20% water and 20 units (U)/g-mixture of Lipase-PS, the esterification reached
39% and the content of AA in the FFA fraction was raised from 61 to 86 wt%. To further increase the content of AA, unesterified
FFA were allowed to react again under the same conditions as those in the first selective esterification except for the use
of 50 U/g Lipase-PS. A series of procedures raised the content of AA to 97 wt% with a 49% recovery based on the initial content
in the single-cell oil. These results indicated that the three-step process for selective esterification with Lipase-PS was
effective for purifying AA from the single-cell oil. 相似文献
14.
Isolation of tocopherol and sterol concentrate from sunflower oil deodorizer distillate 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
The isolation of tocopherols and sterols together as a concentrate from sunflower oil deodorizer distillate was investigated.
The sunflower oil deodorizer distillate was composed of 24.9% unsaponifiable matter with 4.8% tocopherols and 9.7% sterols,
28.8% free fatty acid (FFA) and 46.3% neutral glycerides. The isolation technology included process steps such as biohydrolysis,
bioesterification and fractional distillation. The neutral glycerides of the deodorizer distillates were hydrolyzed byCandida cylindracea lipase. The total fatty acids (initial FFA plus FFA from neutral glycerides) were converted into butyl esters withMucor miehei lipase. The esterified product was then fractionally distilled in a Claisen-vigreux flask. The first fraction, which was
collected at 180–230°C at 1.00 mm of Hg for 45 min, contained mainly butyl esters, hydrocarbons, oxidized products and some
amount of free fatty acids. The fraction collected at 230–260°C at 1.00 mm Hg for 15 min was rich in tocopherols (about 30%)
and sterols (about 36%). The overall recovery of tocopherols and sterols after hydrolysis, esterification and distillation
were around 70% and 42%, respectively, of the original content in sunflower oil deodorizer distillate. 相似文献
15.
M. S. K. Syed Rahmatullah V. K. S. Shukla K. D. Mukherjee 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1994,71(6):563-567
γ-Linolenic acid (GLA, all-cis 6,9,12-octadecatrienoic acid) has been enriched from fatty acids of borage (Borago officinalis L.) seed oil to 93% from the initial concentration of 20% by lipase-catalyzed selective esterification of the fatty acids
withn-butanol in the presence ofn-hexane as solvent. The immobilized fungal lipase preparation, Lipozyme, used as biocatalyst, preferentially esterified palmitic,
stearic, oleic and linoleic acids and discriminated against GLA, which was thus concentrated in the unesterified fatty acids
fraction. In the absence of hexane, concentrate containing about 70% GLA was obtained. When the reaction conditions, optimized
for borage oil fatty acids, were applied to fatty acids of evening primrose (Oenothera biennis L.) oil, concentrates containing 75% GLA were obtained. From both oils, GLA concentrates were prepared efficiently in short
reaction times (1–3 h) at 30–60°C. The process can be applied for the production of GLA concentrates for dietetic purposes. 相似文献
16.
The triacylglycerol stereospecific structure was determined for the major plant oils containing ψ-linolenic acid (GLA): evening
primrose oil (EPO), black currant oil (BCO), borage oil (BO), andMucor javanicus fungal oil (MJO). It was found that GLA, although not α-linolenic acid, resisted pancreatic lipase hydrolysis. Therefore,
the 2-position analysis was determined using phospholipase C-generated 1,2-diacylglycerol and phospholipase A2-generated lysophosphatidylcholine. GLA was found to be concentrated in the 3-position of EPO and BCO, the 2-position of BO,
and the 2- and 3-positions of MJO. In BCO, octadecatetraenoic acid (n−3), also a †-6 fatty acid, was distributed similarly
to GLA, but α-linolenic acid was found predominantly in the 1-position. Linoleic acid was nearly evenly distributed in all
positions of EPO and BCO but was concentrated in the 1-position of BO and the 2-position of MJO. Both palmitic and stearic
acids were found predominantly in the 1-position of all of the oils. The results demonstrate similarities and differences
in the positional distribution of fatty acids in GLA-containing oils. 相似文献
17.
Yuji Shimada Kazuaki Maruyama Suguru Okazaki Masaki Nakamura Akio Sugihara Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1994,71(9):951-954
Three lipases, isolated previously in our laboratory, each with different fatty acid and positional specificities, and a known
lipase fromCandida cylindracea were screened for concentrating docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA) acids in glycerides.Geotrichum candidum lipase was found to be suitable for their concentration in glycerides. Tuna oil was treated at 30°C with this lipase for
16 h, and 33.5% hydrolysis resulted in the production of glycerides containing 48.7% of DHA and EPA. The hydrolysis was not
increased despite adding further lipase, so the glycerides were extracted, and the reaction was repeated. The second hydrolysis
produced glycerides containing 57.5% of DHA and EPA in a 54.5% yield, with recovery of 81.5% of initial DHA and EPA. Of the
total glycerides, 85.5% were triglycerides. These results showed thatG. candidum lipase was effective in producing glycerides that contained a high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in good yield. 相似文献
18.
Hui Su Yoon Yu Jin Lee Byung Hee Kim Yangha Kim In-Hwan Kim 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2023,100(3):215-224
γ-Linolenic acid (GLA) rich triacylglycerol (TAG) was successfully synthesized from glyceride, instead of glycerol, and fatty acid (FA) via Lipozyme TL IM-catalyzed esterification as a novel strategy. In the first step, GLA was enriched into glyceride fraction from borage oil by Candida rugosa lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis. The glyceride was separated from the reaction mixture by molecular distillation. GLA was enriched from 20.64% in borage oil to 45.94% in the glyceride fraction under optimum conditions. In the second step, the Lipozyme TL IM-catalyzed synthesis of TAG was carried out with the glyceride, and the FA obtained by saponification of a portion of the glyceride. The optimum conditions were the temperature of 50°C, the enzyme loading of 10%, and the vacuum level of 20 mmHg, respectively. The maximum TAG content of approximately 92% was achieved after 12 h under the optimum conditions. 相似文献
19.
Yuji Shimada Kazuaki Maruyama Masaki Nakamura Suguru Nakayama Akio Sughihara Yoshio Tominaga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1995,72(12):1577-1581
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), can be concentrated
in glycerides by hydrolyzing tuna oil withGeotrichum candidum lipase, the main components in the resulting oil being triglycerides. The reaction mechanism of this selective hydrolysis
was investigated. Although the lipase acted well on the esters of oleic, linoleic, and α-linolenic acids, it did not affect
the esters of γ-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, EPA, and DHA as much. The action of PUFA-glycerides was mono-> di- > triglycerides.
Furthermore, the condensation of PUFA-partial glycerides and PUFA occurred even in the presence of a large amount of water,
and the partial glycerides converted to the triglycerides by transacylation. These results suggested that the PUFA-rich triglycerides
were accumulated in the glyceride fraction by the following mechanism: The PUFA-partial glycerides generated by the hydrolysis
were converted to PUFA-triglycerides by condensation and transacylation reactions. As the PUFA-triglycerides formed were the
poor substrates of lipase, they were accumulated in the reaction mixture. 相似文献
20.
A modified low-temperature solvent crystallization process was employed for the enrichment of polyunsaturated fatty acids
(PUFA) in borage and linseed oil fatty acids. The effects of solvent, operation temperature, and solvent to free fatty acid
(FFA) ratio on the concentration of PUFA were investigated. The best results were achieved when a mixture of 30% acetonitrile
and 70% acetone was used as the solvent. With an operation temperature of −80°C and a solvent to FFA ratio of 30 mL/g, γ-linolenic
acid (GLA) in FFA of saponified borage oil can be raised from 23.4 to 88.9% with a yield of 62.0%. At a yield of 24.9%, α-linolenic
acid in linseed oil can be increased from 55.0 to 85.7%. The results of this work are comparable to the best results available
in the literature. 相似文献