原位合成MoSi_2-SiC复合材料的高温强化

采用高温压缩实验研究了不同体积分数 ＳｉＣ含量对原位合成 ＭｏＳｉ２—ＳｉＣ复合材料在 １０００－１４００℃ 的屈服强度及流变应力的影响结果表明,与单－ ＭｏＳｉ２材料相比,复合材料的高温强度随 ＳｉＣ含量的增加而明显提高．高温屈服强度 σｙ和第二相 ＳｉＣ粒子间距λＳ服从σＹ＝σ０＋ｋλＳ－１／２关系式结合组织结构的研究结果对其相间障碍强化的高温强化机制进行了初步探讨．     

原位合成MoSi_2-SiC复合材料的室温增韧

原位合成 ＭＯＳｉ２－ＳｉＣ复合材料的断裂韧性明显高于单一ＭｏＳｉ２的断裂韧性.组织结构的ＴＥＭ与ＨＲＥＭ研究结果表明：原位合成 ＭｏＳｉ２／ＳｉＣ界面为直接的原子结合,无ＳｉＯ２非晶层存在结合对该复合材料的ＫＩｃ断口形貌及压痕裂纹连续扩展路径的观察分析表明,其室温增韧机制为 ＭｏＳｉ２－ＳｉＣ界面间较高的结合力、ＭｏＳｉ２基体晶粒细化及裂纹偏转和桥接．     

原位SiC颗粒增强MoSi2基复合材料的显微组织和力学性能

本文研究了原位SiC颗粒增强MoSi2基复合材料的组织结构和力学性能结果表明复合材料的组织为t-MoSi2基体上均匀分布β-SiC等轴颗粒,数量很少的球形小孔隙主要分布在SiC颗粒内,SiC颗粒尺寸为2-5μm.复合材料界面为直接的原子结合,无非晶层存在.复合材料的室温维氏硬度、断裂韧性、抗压强度及高温流变应力明显高于单一MoSi2,随着SiC体积分数的增加,维氏硬度、断裂韧性及高温流变应力提高,而抗压强度先增加后减少SiC体积分数从10%增加到45%,KIC从4.34提高到5.71 MPa     

颗粒增强铝基复合材料的组织与性能

用熔铸法制备了ＴｉＢ２和ＳｉＣ颗粒增强铝基复合材料,评价了ＴｉＢ２／Ａｌ和ＳｉＣ／Ａｌ复合材料的硬度,研究了增强剂的加入方式和体积分数对ＴｉＢ２／Ａｌ复合材料拉伸性能的影响;并用扫描电镜分析了复合材料的显微组织。结果表明,ＴｉＢ２颗粒对Ａｌ基体的增强效果比ＳｉＣ颗粒好,Ｔｉ,Ｂ化合物的增强效果优于ＴｉＢ２粉末,复合材料的力学性能随ＴｉＢ２体积分数增加而提高;用含Ｔｉ,Ｂ化合物的混合物增强的１．５％ＴｉＢ２／Ａｌ（体积分数）复合材料的热轧退火态性能为σｂ１６０．４ＭＰａ,δ１３．１％,铸态ＨＢ４５１ＭＰａ。ＳＥＭ观察结果表明,在铝基体中添加Ｔｉ、Ｂ化合物的混合物能在基体中原位生成ＴｉＢ２颗粒。     

WC/Co-B_4C复合材料的组织结构及力学性能

在Ｂ４Ｃ基体中掺入不同含量的 ＷＣ／Ｃｏ（其中 ＷＣ的质量分数为 ９４％;Ｃｏ为６％）;采用热压烧结法得到了高致密度的复合材料．当ＷＣ／Ｃｏ的体积分数达到４０％时,在１９００℃,３５ ｍｉｎ;３５ＭＰａ的条件下,复合材料的相对密度＞９８％,弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别为４５３ＭＰａ和 ８．７ ＭＰａ·ｍ１／２．利用ＸＲＤ; ＳＥＭ; ＴＥＭ分析了复合材料的物相组成及显微组织．研究了不同含量的 ＷＣ／Ｃｏ对复合材料力学性能的影响,并探讨了复合材料的增韧机制分析认为,复合材料致密度的提高是强度提高的主要原因;热膨胀系数失配产生的残余应力场是赋予材料高韧性的主要增韧机制,同时微裂纹的存在也是材料韧性提高的原因．     

用中碳低合金双相耐磨钢铸造采煤机截齿

设计熔炼了ＺＧ４５Ｓｉ２Ｍｎ２ＭｏＶＲＥ双相耐磨钢。试验结果表明，该钢具有良好的２淬透性。通过热处理可得到马氏体＋下贝氏体复合组织；与原材料３５ＣｒＭｎＳｉ相比，具有较高的抗拉强度（１８８５－１９０５ＭＰａ）、硬度（５２－５４ＨＲＣ）、韧性（αｋ７２－１０６Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２）；并具有较好的耐磨性（相对耐磨性Δε＝１．２８）。     

SiCW／Y—TZP／Al2O3复合陶瓷的显微结构及其力学性能

研究了ＳｉＣＷ／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３系复合陶瓷的显微结构及其力学性能，通过透射电镜拉伸试样中的裂纹扩展形态与组织变化，分析了晶须与ＺｒＯ２相变增韧机制。结果表明，陶瓷体内各相结合致密，分布较为均匀，其室温强度和断裂韧度分别为１１００ＭＰａ和１１．９ＭＰａ．ｍ＾１／２，晶须拔出，裂纹偏转及ＺｒＯ２ｔ－ｍ相变是该复合材料的主要增韧机制。ＳｉＣ晶须和Ｙ－ＴＺＰ的共同作用，对复合材料强度和断裂韧性的提高     

RB－SiC／MoSi_2复合材料的界面特征

采用（Ｓｉ＋Ｍｏ）合金浸渗反应烧结ＳｉＣ，以难熔ＭｏＳｉ_２作为第二相取代ＲＢ－ＳｉＣ中的游离Ｓｉ，从而获得ＲＢ－ＳｉＣ／ＭｏＳｉ_２复合材料．实验结果表明，ＭｏＳｉ_２均匀、连续地分布于ＳｉＣ颗粒界面处，形成连续网络．界面是由ｔ－ＭｏＳｉ_２和β－ＳｉＣ两相交错重叠所构成．界面层处未观察到反应层和非晶态物质，过渡层厚约５ｎｍ．     

提高Ti（C,N）—Ni／Co—W（Mo）金属陶瓷切削工具耐磨性的？…

研制了涂覆金属陶瓷切削刀用的新方法。涂覆工艺使金属陶瓷表面硬度增加１．５ＨＲＡ以上（平均ＨＲＡ达９２．５）或４９００－７８４０ＭＰａ（ＨＶ０．０３＝２４５００－２７４４０ＭＰａ）。该新的超硬涂层增强材料已经面世,其硬度接近陶瓷车削工具（ＳｉＣ,Ａｌ２Ｏ３,Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋ＴｉＣ）。该新版号硬质合金具有较高的抗磨蚀性能,在２３０ｍ／ｍｉｎ标准切速下切削Ｃ４５钢,其寿命比非涂层发片增加大约１５０％。     

热压过程中MoSi2与B4C的反应研究

本文研究了在热压过程中ＭｏＳｉ２与Ｂ４Ｃ的反应,结果表明,在１６００℃时,ＭｏＳｉ２与Ｂ４Ｃ发生反应,当Ｂ４Ｃ添加量为５％（质量分数）时,室温下存在四种相,Ｍｏ２Ｂ５,ＭｏＳｉ２,ＳｉＣ,Ｓｉ,其反应生成物可以通过Ｍｏ－Ｓｉ－Ｂ相图来推断。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.