水溶性聚酯的溶解性能

研究了由对苯二甲酸二甲酯 (DMT)、间苯二甲酸 (IPA)和间苯二甲酸二甲酯 5 -磺酸钠 (SIPM)与乙二醇 (EG)和聚乙二醇 (PEG)等共缩聚合成的水溶性聚酯的溶解性能。研究结果表明 ,随分子链中间苯二甲酸乙二醇酯 5 -磺酸钠 (SIPE)链节含量的增加 ,聚合物的水溶性增强 ,对外加盐的容忍度提高 ;水溶性聚酯能溶于某些有机溶剂 ,但有时在同一溶剂中不同样品的溶解性表现出明显差异。     

水溶性聚酯的合成研究

研究了对苯二甲酸(PTA)、乙二醇(EG)、1,3-间苯二甲酸双羟乙酯-5-磺酸钠(SIPE)、聚乙二醇(PEG)、有机二元酸A和无机盐B通过酯化,缩聚制备水溶性聚酯的方法。研究了SIPE、PEG、有机二元酸A、无机盐B对共聚酯水解性能的影响。水解性能随SIPE、PEG、A、B质量分数的增加而增加,特别是SIPE和PEG。     

水溶性聚酯技术探讨

介绍了COPET的合成路线和制备方法,并对COPET的常规性能进行检测,利用红外光谱对它进行了结构分析。同时研究了SIPE,IPA和PEG的加入对COPET水解性能、热性能的影响。     

水溶性聚酯的结晶性能研究

研究了水溶性聚酯(W SPET)切片的结晶性能,并与常规聚酯(PET)切片相对比。结果表明W SPET切片与PET切片具有相同的非等温结晶行为,在非等温条件下的结晶机理以异相成核为主,在有限的三维体积中生成球晶,但W SPET切片的结晶速率明显慢于PET切片,结晶能力明显弱于PET切片。     

水溶性聚酯的技术发展及应用

阐述了水溶性聚酯的发展现状、生产技术、对其性能的基本要求、产品分类、国内生产和使用情况,建议国内化纤行业应大力开发高附加值的水溶性聚酯。     

己二酸环氧环己烷酯改性水溶性聚酯的制备及其膜性能研究

以对苯二甲酸(PTA)、乙二醇(EG)、间苯二甲酸-5-磺酸钠(SIPA)为主要原料,自制己二酸环氧环己烷酯(ACHD)为改性剂,制备了酸值为9～14 mg KOH/g、羟值为85～110 mg KOH/g、特性黏度为0.26～0.31 dL/g的己二酸环氧环己烷酯改性水溶性聚酯(MWPET),并进一步制备了厚度≤45...     

聚丙烯/水溶性聚酯二元共混物及其纤维的性能研究

研究了聚丙烯 / 水溶性聚酯二元共混物的流动性、结晶性,考察了共混纤维的亲水性。结果表明:聚丙烯 / 水溶性聚酯共混物的流动行为与聚丙烯相似,为典型的假塑性流动,在低剪切速率区,共混物有更好的流动性;共混物的结晶度在水溶性聚酯含量为 9% 时,有最小值;共混纤维的回潮率随水溶性聚酯含量增加而增大;保水率在水溶性聚酯含量为 9% 时有最大值。     

废聚酯瓶制取水溶性聚酯绝缘电泳漆的研究

采用废聚酯瓶为原材料,经一系列化学反应,制得漆包线用水溶性聚酯绝缘电泳漆树脂。考察了催化剂、多元醇和酸酐的种类及用量对水溶性聚酯绝缘电泳漆的影响。     

浸润剂、粘结剂专用水溶性聚酯增塑剂

阐述了水溶性聚酯增塑剂在玻纤浸润剂及粘结剂中的作用以及国内外发展概况。介绍了合成原料、工艺、测试及评价方法，具体讨论了聚乙二醇分子量的大小、醇酸摩尔比、温度对聚酯水溶性能和塑化效率的影响。     

水溶性聚酯纺制海岛纤维的结构与性能研究

通过熔融纺丝制得以水溶性聚酯为海组分的海岛纤维,并研究了海岛纤维的断裂强度、拉伸、取向、结晶等性能,还用扫描电镜观察不同海岛比例、不同纺丝温度海岛纤维的截面情况。     

碱溶性聚酯切片流变性的研究

采用毛细管流变仪研究了碱溶性聚酯的流变特性,讨论了切变速率、温度对流变性能的影响,并与普通聚酯的流变特性进行了对比。结果表明,碱溶性聚酯与普通聚酯相似,也表现出"切力变稀"特征,碱溶性聚酯的表观黏度更小,对剪切速率的依赖性更强。碱溶性聚酯的表观黏度对温度的敏感性大于普通PET。     

水溶性聚酯海岛纤维POY生产工艺探讨

分析了水溶性聚酯(COPET)的热性能,探讨海岛纤维POY纺丝工艺与加弹工艺。生产129 dtex/ 36 f POY的适宜工艺:COPET切片预结晶温度130℃,时间30 min,干燥温度120℃,干燥时间17h;海相组件压力大于等于9 MPa,得到POY的断裂伸长127%,断裂强度2.12 cN/dtex,条干不匀率1.3%。海岛纤维DTY的生产工艺与普通的相似,得到的82.9 dtex/36 f DTY断裂强度达3.41 cN/dtex,且开纤剥离效果良好。     

水溶性偶氮引发剂的合成与应用进展

总结了水溶性偶氮引发剂的分类、合成及应用现状.水溶液聚合和乳液聚合是自由基聚合机理重要的实施手段.它们使用环保水来做分散相,可采用水溶性的偶氮引发剂来进行聚合反应.研究表明,相比于油溶性的偶氮引发剂或常规的氧化还原引发体系,水溶性偶氮引发剂不论足在引发、聚合及产品特征方面都有明显的优势.最后对我国水溶性偶氮引发剂的发展...     

水溶性高分子纸塑胶的研制

介绍了一种丙烯酸酯 -醋酸乙烯共聚乳液胶粘剂的制备方法 ,该胶粘剂适用于塑料瓶贴标及纸塑复合 ,具有干燥速度快 ,水溶性等特点 ,适用于机械化操作     

PLC控制系统在聚酯废水处理中的应用

介绍了应用于聚酯企业污水处理装置的、基于SIMATICS7 300的PLC控制系统。该系统对于聚酯及纺丝工艺过程排放的高浓度、含PTA残渣和油剂的废水处理过程具有较好的控制作用。重点分析和介绍了其中和反应pH值的前馈加反馈控制方法。     

Thermal degradation of water soluble polymers and their binary blends

The effect of five different metal oxides on the pyrolysis of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), polyacrylamide (PAM), and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was investigated using thermogravimetry. The presence of metal oxide did not influence the degradation of PEO while the order of metal oxide on the degradation rate of PAM and PVA was PbO > Co₃O₄ > CuO > ZnO > Al₂O₃. The miscibility and the decomposition of PEO–PAM and PVA–PAM blends were also investigated. The blends were found to be immiscible and the presence of one polymer did not influence the degradation of the other polymer in the polymer blend. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 233–240, 2006     

Rates of drainage-water evaporite salt dissolution in water

Solar evaporators are an important component of systems for managing salts in agricultural drainage water. In California, solar evaporators have been integrated into on-farm drainage management (IFDM) systems as the final stage concentration process following sequential use of drainage water on increasingly salt tolerant crops. In most cases, salts are accumulated in the evaporator basins over a number of years. During months of high precipitation, dry salts redissolve in collected rainwater. Rates of dissolution are important to the design and management of the evaporator to avoid excessive salt concentrations in water displaced from the basin during storm events. The rate at which a solid, dehydrated evaporite salt redissolves in water was simulated and also tested experimentally to validate model predictions. Both model and experimental results show that rain water collecting in an evaporator basin can become saturated within 60 min at 24°C and within 90 min at 10°C with a 0.01 m water depth over solid salt. The thickness of the diffusion layer above the solid surface was calculated in the range of 8.3 × 10^− 5 and 1.25 × 10^− 4 m. For a mostly sodium sulfate evaporite salt, pH increased up to 9 from 5.5 in 5 min, and then decreased slowly converging to about 8.7 due to likely absorption of CO₂ from the atmosphere.     

遇水膨胀聚氨酯弹性体的合成及性能

以亲水性聚醚多元醇、甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)、三异丙醇胺(TIPA)和3,3′-二氯-4,4′-二氨基-二苯基甲烷(MOCA)等为主要原料,采用预聚物法合成了双组分浇注型遇水膨胀聚氨酯弹性体。研究了多元醇种类及配比、扩链剂种类及配比、增塑剂、异氰酸酯含量等对遇水膨胀聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响。结果表明,采用TDI/MOCA/TMP体系制备的遇水膨胀弹性体具良好的综合性能。     

Modeling remineralization of desalinated water by limestone dissolution

Desalted waters or highly soft waters produced by desalination plants cannot be directly used as they are unpalatable, corrosive and unhealthy. Remineralization is necessary in order to overcome these problems. A commonly used operation in the remineralization process is to contact CO₂ acidified desalinated water with a bed of domestic limestone. Limestone dissolution provides two essential ingredients to the water—bicarbonate alkalinity and calcium content: CaCO₃ + CO₂ + H₂O = Ca²⁺ + 2HCO₃^–. Limestone dissolution is a slow rate-controlling step. Prediction of the limestone rate of dissolution as a function of the water composition is essential for reliable design and operation of the limestone contactor. A critical comparison of various kinetic expressions proposed in the literature carried out in this study reveals major differences in results evaluated from different dissolution models. An experimental study was conducted in order to identify the most reliable kinetic dissolution model. Two series of experiments were carried out—one involving remineralization of distilled water containing low initial CO₂ concentrations (0.5–2 mM) and the other, remineralization of soft water, having high initial CO₂ concentrations (1.5–15 mM). The CO₂ acidified water was contacted in a 2 m high vertical column (32 mm I.D.), packed with 2.85 mm calcite particles. The change in water composition along the column was monitored to provide both differential and integral dissolution data. Analysis of the data showed that none of the available models fitted the experimental results. The closest agreement was with the rather complex model of Plummer et al but this agreement was rather mediocre. In the high CO₂ content range, the model predicted dissolution rates higher by a factor of 2–4 in the high CO₂ range and by a factor of 10–20 in the low CO₂ range. Based on the experimental results, two models were developed for the design of limestone dissolution column contactors. When the final composition of the remineralized water has a CO₂ content above 2 mM, the limestone bed can be designed by a very simple integral expression. However, if the dissolution depletes the CO₂ concentration to low values, well below 2 mM, the bed design requires numerical integration of the more general dissolution rate expression derived in this work.