粳稻谷中镉和无机砷分布探讨

通过对糙米和大米中镉和无机砷含量的分析,发现镉在粳稻谷中分布较均匀,其含量在糙米和大米中基本一致;而无机砷在粳稻谷中主要分布在表皮,糙米通过精加工碾磨成大米后,其无机砷含量约降低了2倍。为去除粮食中重金属残留,实现粮食资源的合理化应用提供依据。     

稻谷中无机砷含量的测定及分布规律探讨

本文利用LC-AFS法分别测定稻谷、糙米及其大米中无机砷的含量,研究了无机砷在稻谷不同部位的分布规律。结果表明：当AsⅢ和AsⅤ在0～100 ng/mL的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数均大于0.999 2,检出限分别为0.00 5 mg/kg和0.009 mg/kg,精密度RSD≤4.2%,加标回收率为77.6%～101.2%;对40份稻谷、糙米和大米样品的检测结果表明,稻谷及其制品中无机砷含量的高低均按照稻谷>糙米>大米进行分布。     

冻干松茸粉中总砷及无机砷的含量测定

目的测定冻干松茸粉中总砷及无机砷的含量。方法采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)、原子荧光光谱法(atomic fluorescence spectrometry,AFS)、液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry,LC-ICP/MS)3种方法分别测定松茸中总砷及无机砷含量。结果ICP-MS、AFS测定冻干松茸粉中总砷含量分别为71.7、0.556 mg/kg,LC-ICP/MS测定冻干松茸粉中无机砷含量为0.0114 mg/kg。结论冻干松茸粉中砷主要以有机态存在,且不同检测方法以及前处理方式都会对实验结果产生影响。     

稻米中总砷及无机砷含量的测定与分析

采用氢化物原子荧光光度法测定13份稻米样品中的总砷和无机砷含量,结果表明：所测稻米样品中均检出总砷与无机砷,总砷含量范围为0.06~0.20 mg/kg,无机砷含量范围为0.039~0.150 mg/kg,无机砷占总砷的含量为50.0%~93.1%,无机砷含量在国家限量卫生标准以内;未冲洗大米样品中总砷含量仅为糙米的72.7%~90.0%,无机砷含量为糙米的62.7%~87.7%;多次冲洗的大米样品中总砷含量仅为未冲洗大米的75.0%~91.7%,无机砷含量为83.0%~93.6%。提高加工精度和用水淘洗均能在一定程度上降低总砷与无机砷的含量,减轻人们食用后对身体的危害。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法和液相色谱-原子荧光联用法分析广西籼稻谷中砷含量的分布

目的 研究广西籼稻谷中砷含量的分布.方法 选取广西区内100份籼稻谷作为实验材料,将籼稻谷脱壳分别制成糙米和精度一级的大米,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)和液相色谱-原子荧光联用法(liquid chromatogra...     

云南地区茶叶中总砷及无机砷含量调查分析

目的 为云南茶叶的开发利用提供数据支持.方法 利用国家标准方法对云南省110份茶叶样品的总砷和无机砷含量进行测试,并就产地、包装、流通环节等进行调查分析.结果 经对采集的110个茶叶样品进行总砷检测,最高0.152 mg/kg,均值0.0325 mg/kg,仅1件检出无机砷,检测值为0.0591 mg/kg,均符合国家...     

大米中总砷和不同形态无机砷含量的测定

分别采用电感耦合等离子体质谱测定大米中总砷含量和高效液相色谱与电感耦合等离子体质谱联用测定大米中不同形态无机砷的含量,并研究了2种方法测定总砷和无机砷的条件。结果表明:大米中砷的存在形式有As(Ⅲ)、As(Ⅴ)、二甲基砷及一种未知的砷化合物;测定样品中As(Ⅲ)、As(Ⅴ)含量分别为3.4μg/kg和17.4μg/kg,其加标回收率为90%-106%,相对标准偏差为3.52%。而样品中总砷含量为88.13μg/kg,其加标回收率在94%-103%,相对标准偏差为1.29%。     

稻谷中无机砷形态的测定及其分布规律

建立和优化了液相色谱-原子荧光法测定稻谷中无机砷形态的检测方法,在10 min内完成As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的有效分离。结果表明:当砷酸根和亚砷酸根浓度范围为0～90 ng/mL时,线性相关系数分别为0.999 8和0.999 4,检出限分别为0.005 mg/kg和0.007 mg/kg,精密度RSD≤7.2%,As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)加标回收率分别在92.8%～104.5%和81.0%～100.8%。砷浓度分布具有明显不均匀性,提高稻谷加工精度后,无机砷含量可减少66.6%。     

影响测定粮食中无机砷含量有关问题探讨

该文对影响粮食中无机砷含量测定结果的样品制备、试剂及玻璃仪器选择、仪器稳定性及校正曲线设置、结果准确度及允许差表述等问题进行探讨。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定稻谷中镉、铅和无机砷

选用3种型号X射线荧光光谱仪,测定稻谷样品中的镉、铅和总砷含量,并分别与GB/T5009.15—2003镉、GB/T 5009.12—2003铅和GB/T 5009.11—2003无机砷标准方法测定结果进行比较。67个稻谷样品镉测定结果比较表明,两者的相关系数分别为0.971 1、0.850 9和0.972 9,均呈极显著相关,回归方程分别为Y=0.849 5X+0.062 1、Y=0.619 7X+0.049 3和Y=0.872X+0.006 4;定性判定正确率为65.7%~91.0%,检测结果在0.16 mg/kg≤0≤0.24 mg/kg范围内,定性判定正确率在38.1%~81.0%,检测结果在0.16 mg/kg或0.24 mg/kg范围内,定性判定正确率在78.3%~95.7%;定量判定符合率在19.4%~44.8%,检测结果在≤0.2 mg/kg范围内,定量判定符合率在17.6%~37.3%,检测结果在0.2 mg/kg范围内,定量判定符合率在25.0%~68.8%。通过对33个稻谷样品测定铅的结果和对60个稻谷样品测定总砷与无机砷的结果比较,测定结果之间不存在相关性。     

高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定大米中无机砷

摘要：目的 建立高效液相串联电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定大米中无机砷的分析方法。方法 样品经0.15mol/L硝酸溶液提取,以100 mmol/L (NH4)2CO3为流动相,使用AS7 阴离子交换柱(250 mm×4.0 mm, 10 μm)分离,进入质谱进行检测。结果 As（Ⅲ）和As（Ⅴ）在浓度0~100ng/mL范围内线性相关性良好,精密度RSD均小于5%,检出限为0.234ng/mL~0.904ng/mL,加标回收率在89.7%~108.0%之间,能力验证和质控样结果较好。结论 此方法适用于大米中无机砷的快速检测。     

原子荧光光谱法测定糙米粉中总砷及无机砷的含量

目的 建立原子荧光光谱法测定糙米粉中总砷及无机砷含量的分析方法。方法 糙米粉经烘干称取后, 用硝酸高氯酸硫酸混合湿法消解快速进行总砷前处理, 用1%硝酸水浴热提取进行无机砷前处理, 分别利用原子荧光光谱法及液相色谱-原子荧光光谱法进行总砷和无机砷的测定。结果 总砷在6.0~20.0 μg/L浓度范围内, 无机砷在10.0~100.0 μg/L浓度范围内均具有良好的线性关系(r＞0.999), 大米粉质控样测定值总砷0.26 mg/kg及无机砷0.17 mg/kg, 均在参考值允许范围内, 回收率范围为92.3%~127.1%, 均具有较高的回收率。结论 优化湿法消解处理能较高效地得到准确的测定结果, 糙米粉中无机砷经热提取及流动相环节的优化后, 也可得满意检测结果。     

Total and inorganic arsenic in foods of the first Hong Kong total diet study

Arsenic (As) is a metalloid that occurs in different inorganic and organic forms, which are found in the environment from both natural occurrence and anthropogenic activity. The inorganic forms of As (iAs) are more toxic as compared with the organic As, but so far most of the occurrence data in food collected in the framework of official food control are still reported as total As without differentiating the various As species. In this paper, total As and iAs contents of 600 total diet study (TDS) samples, subdivided into 15 different food groups, were quantified by high-resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HR-ICP/MS) and hydride generation (HG) ICP/MS respectively. The method detection limits for both total As and iAs were 3 μg As kg^?1. As the samples were prepared for TDS, food items were purchased directly from the market or prepared as for normal consumption, i.e. table ready, in the manner most representative of and consistent with cultural habits in Hong Kong as far as practicable. The highest total As and iAs content were found in ‘fish, seafood and their products’ and ‘vegetables and their products’ respectively. Besides, this paper also presents the ratios of iAs and total As content in different ready-to-eat food items. The highest ratio of iAs to total As was found in ‘vegetables and their products’. It is likely that iAs in vegetables maintained its status even after cooking.     

固相萃取-氢化物产生-原子荧光光谱法检测 大米中总砷的含量

目的建立基于UIO66材料分散固相萃取体系的提取大米中总砷,并采用氢化物产生-原子荧光光谱法检测其含量。方法以7 mL 0.06 mol/L HNO_3+3%H_2O_2为消解液,在最大微波功率800 W下, 180℃微波消解20min,提取大米中的总砷,通过金属有机骨架材料UIO66实现大米提取液中总砷的分离净化,最后采用氢化物产生-原子荧光光谱法进行总砷含量测定。结果在10～80μg/kg浓度范围内,总砷的标准曲线方程线性良好(相关性系数r~2=0.9997),最低检出限(limitofdetection,LOD)为0.024μg/kg,样品加标回收率在93.4%～107.8%之间,相对标准偏差2%。7种大米样品中的总砷含量在150～250μg/kg之间,其中糙米中总砷含量最高(244.53±4μg/kg),东北地区产大米与南方地区产大米的总砷含量存在显著性差异(P0.05)。结论基于UIO66分散固相萃取体系的大米中总砷分离分析方法具有高灵敏度、低成本、易操作的特点,可有效实现大米中总砷的净化和定量分析。     

Effect of cooking method and rice type on arsenic concentration in cooked rice and the estimation of arsenic dietary intake in a rural village in West Bengal,India

Arsenic (As) contamination of rice plants can result in high total As concentrations (t-As) in cooked rice, especially if As-contaminated water is used for cooking. This study examines two variables: (1) the cooking method (water volume and inclusion of a washing step); and (2) the rice type (atab and boiled). Cooking water and raw atab and boiled rice contained 40 μg As l^?1 and 185 and 315 μg As kg^?1, respectively. In general, all cooking methods increased t-As from the levels in raw rice; however, raw boiled rice decreased its t-As by 12.7% when cooked by the traditional method, but increased by 15.9% or 23.5% when cooked by the intermediate or contemporary methods, respectively. Based on the best possible scenario (the traditional cooking method leading to the lowest level of contamination, and the atab rice type with the lowest As content), t-As daily intake was estimated to be 328 μg, which was twice the tolerable daily intake of 150 μg.