无掩模硅图形衬底上3C-SiC的异质外延生长

采用低压化学气相沉积方法在无掩模的硅图形衬底上异质外延生长3C-SiC.硅图形衬底采用光刻和ICP刻蚀得到.图形由平行长条状沟槽和台面组成,其中沟槽宽度为1～10μm不同间隔,沟槽之间距离为1～10μm不同间隔.对于在不同的沟槽和台面尺寸区域3C-SiC的生长进行了详细研究.采用扫描电镜分别观察了不同区域的生长形貌,分析了图形衬底结构上SiC的生长行为.其中合并生长形成的空气隙结构可以释放由Si和SiC晶格失配引起的应力,从而可以用来解决SiC生长中的晶片翘曲问题,进行厚膜生长.XRD结果表明此无掩模硅图形衬底上得到3C-SiC(111)取向生长.     

硅基3C-SiC的热氧化机理

采用低压化学气相沉积(LPCVD)方法在Si(100)衬底上外延生长3C-SiC.利用干氧氧化方法对生长的SiC层进行了热氧化,氧化温度为1050℃.采用X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS),结合Ar 溅射技术,在不同的溅射时间下,对氧化生长的SiO2层及SiO2/SiC界面层的化学键和组成成分进行了深度谱分析,在此基础上提出了热氧化模型,探讨了3C-SiC的热氧化机理.     

硅基3C-SiC的热氧化机理

采用低压化学气相沉积(LPCVD)方法在Si(100)衬底上外延生长3C-SiC.利用干氧氧化方法对生长的SiC层进行了热氧化,氧化温度为1050℃.采用X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS),结合Ar+溅射技术,在不同的溅射时间下,对氧化生长的SiO2层及SiO2/SiC界面层的化学键和组成成分进行了深度谱分析,在此基础上提出了热氧化模型,探讨了3C-SiC的热氧化机理.     

毫米波磷化铟体效应二极管

南京固体器件研究所采用In/PCI_3/H_2系统气相外延生长的n~+-n-n~+InP材料,采用适用于InP的Au-Ge-Ni合金欧姆接触、化学腐蚀减薄衬底和光照刻蚀台面等工艺,制作了台式镀金热沉结构的毫米波段连续波体效应振荡二极管(见照片)。该器件有源区的掺杂浓度为7.35×10~(15)cm~(-3),厚度为2.85μm;台面直径约70μm,台面高度为15μm;管壳系无边缘同轴封装。用V波段同轴波导腔测试微波性能,得到的初     

无掩模Si圆柱纳米图形衬底上GaAs的异变外延生长

采用金属有机化学气相沉积方法在无掩模的直径为400nm的圆柱Si(100)图形衬底上外延生长了GaAs薄膜。图形衬底采用纳米压印技术及反应离子刻蚀技术制作而成。运用两步法生长工艺在此图形衬底上制备了厚度为1.8μm的GaAs外延层。GaAs的晶体质量通过腐蚀坑密度和透射电镜表征。图形衬底上的GaAs外延层表面腐蚀坑密度约1×107 cm-2,比平面衬底上降低了两个数量级。透射电镜观测显示大部分产生于GaAs/Si异质界面的穿透位错被阻挡在圆柱顶部附近。     

硅熔体中3C-SiC的生长及6H-SiC晶型的抑制

论述了从硅熔体中生长3C-SiC晶体过程中6H-SiC晶型控制的一般原理.采用将硅置于高纯石墨坩埚中使其在高温条件下熔化,坩埚内壁石墨自然熔解于硅熔体中形成碳饱和的硅熔体,在石墨表面形成厚约0.2mm的SiC薄层.X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、Raman散射等分析表明所制备样品为3C-SiC多晶体.实验结果进一步证明从硅熔体中生长3C-SiC晶体过程中,通过适当调整工艺参数可以抑制6H-SiC晶型的形成.     

3C-SiC悬臂结构干法刻蚀研究

基于感应离子耦合等离子体(ICP)刻蚀技术,采用SF6和O2作为刻蚀气体,以金属铝和SiO2作为刻蚀掩膜,系统地研究了3C-SiC悬臂结构的加工方法以及掩膜材料对刻蚀悬臂结构的影响。首先采用SF6和O2作为刻蚀气体刻蚀出SiC结构,其次采用SF6气体各向同性刻蚀Si衬底,释放已刻好的SiC悬臂梁结构。铝作为掩膜时,刻蚀最小结构尺寸为6μm,SiC表面几乎无损伤;SiO2作为掩膜时,刻蚀最小结构尺寸为4μm,但SiC表面损伤较大。上述研究结果为3C-SiC MEMS器件的制备提供了工艺基础。     

Si衬底上侧向外延生长GaN的研究

采用条形Al掩模在Si(111)衬底上进行了GaN薄膜侧向外延的研究.结果显示,当掩模条垂直于Si衬底[11-2]方向,也即GaN[10-10]方向时,GaN无法通过侧向生长合并得到表面平整的薄膜;当掩模条平行于Si衬底[11-2]方向,也即GaN[10-10]方向时,GaN侧向外延速度较快,有利于合并得到平整的薄膜.同时,研究表明,升高温度和降低生长气压都有利于侧向生长.通过优化生长工艺,在条形Al掩模Si(111)衬底上得到了连续完整的GaN薄膜.原子力显微镜测试显示,窗口区域生长的GaN薄膜位错密度约为1×109/cm2,而侧向生长的GaN薄膜位错密度降低到了5×107/cm2以下.     

可用于Ⅲ族氮化物生长的50mm 3C-SiC/Si(111)衬底的制备

利用新研制出的垂直式低压CVD(LPCVD)SiC生长系统,获得了高质量的50mm 3C-SiC/Si(111)衬底材料.系统研究了3C-SiC的n型和p型原位掺杂技术,获得了生长速率和表面形貌对反应气体中SiH4流量和C/Si原子比率的依赖关系.利用Hall测试技术、非接触式方块电阻测试方法和SIMS,分别研究了3C-SiC的电学特性、均匀性和故意调制掺杂的N浓度纵向分布.利用MBE方法,在原生长的50mm 3C-SiC/Si(111)衬底上进行了GaN的外延生长,并研究了GaN材料的表面、结构和光学特性.结果表明3C-SiC是一种适合于高质量无裂纹GaN外延生长的衬底或缓冲材料.     

SiC/GaN功率半导体领域面临测试新挑战

正目前功率半导体厂商开始由硅转向替代材料,更具体地说是碳化硅(SiC)和氮化镓(GaN)。业界采用在硅衬底和氮化铝缓冲层之上生长GaN的技术来降低成本。这使得设备厂商可以利用现有硅制程技术在衬底上生长PN结。GaN定价也从原先10-15倍于传统硅下降到更容易接受的水平。     

Optical properties of cubic SiC grown on Si substrate by chemical vapor deposition

A series of 3C-SiC films with varied film thickness up to 17 μm have been grown on Si(1 0 0) by chemical vapor deposition, and studied by photoluminescence, Raman scattering, Fourier transform infrared transmission and reflectance measurements. Typical key behaviors on these optical spectra are investigated. Thinner (<3 μm) films have their optical spectral features, mainly associated with defects. High quality of single crystalline cubic SiC materials can be obtained from thicker (>10 μm) films, evidenced by optical spectra. There exists a tensile stress in the 3C-SiC film grown on Si, affecting greatly the optical features. Its measurements have leaded to a formulas on two deformation potentials, a and b.     

Structural and Morphological Investigation of Pendeo-Epitaxy 3C-SiC on Si Substrates

Successful pendeo-epitaxy growth of cubic silicon carbide (3C-SiC) on off-axis Si(001) substrates was achieved. The structural and morphological characteristics of pendeo-epitaxy 3C-SiC were strongly affected by underlying stripes and seed layer thickness. Stripes perpendicular to the Si substrate off-axis provide about three times faster lateral growth rate compared with parallel oriented stripes. Root-mean-square (RMS) measurements using atomic force microscope (AFM) indicate that the surface morphology of Pendeo-epitaxy 3C-SiC films remarkably improves with increasing seed layer thickness: from 9.8 nm for 3 μm thickness to 0.5 nm for 10 μm thickness. These effects on pendeo-epitaxy 3C-SiC are discussed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and AFM investigation.     

横向固相外延生长及其影响因素的研究

对非超高真空条件下对在有ＳｉＯ２图形的硅单晶衬底上用离子束溅射沉积非晶硅薄膜，经过真空退火形成的横向固相外延生长及其影响因素进行了研究，得出了有利于Ｌ－ＳＰＥ生长的材料参数和工艺处理条件。     

Pendeo-epitaxial growth of gallium nitride on silicon substrates

Pendeo-epitaxy (PE)¹ from raised, [0001] oriented GaN stripes covered with silicon nitride masks has been employed for the growth of coalesced films of GaN(0001) with markedly reduced densities of line and planar defects on Si(111)-based substrates. Each substrate contained previously deposited 3C-SiC(111) and AlN(0001) transition layers and a GaN seed layer from which the stripes were etched. The 3C-SiC transition layer eliminated chemical reactions between the Si and the NH₃ and the Ga metal from the decomposition of triethylgallium. The 3C-SiC and the GaN seed layers, each 0.5 μm thick, were also used to minimize the cracking and warping of the GaN/SiC/silicon assembly caused primarily by the stresses generated on cooling due to the mismatches in the coefficients of thermal expansion. Tilting in the coalesced GaN epilayers of 0.2° was confined to areas of lateral overgrowth over the masks; no tilting was observed in the material suspended above the trenches. The strong, low-temperature PL band-edge peak at 3.456 eV with a FWHM of 17 meV was comparable to that observed in PE GaN films grown on AlN/6H-SiC(0001) substrates.     

Si(100)衬底上高质量3C-SiC的改良外延生长

介绍了新近研制出的一种电阻加热式CVD/LPCVD SiC专用制备系统,并利用该系统以SiH4、C2H4和H2作为反应气体在直径为50mm的Si(100)衬底上获得了高质量的3C-SiC外延材料.用X射线衍射和Raman散射技术研究了3C-SiC外延膜的结晶质量,在80～300K的温度范围内利用Van der Pauw方法对1～3μm厚的外延膜的电学特性进行了测试,室温Hall迁移率最高达到470cm2/(V*s),载流子浓度为7.7×1017cm-3.     

Si(100)衬底上高质量3C-SiC的改良外延生长

介绍了新近研制出的一种电阻加热式CVD/LPCVD SiC专用制备系统,并利用该系统以SiH4、C2H4和H2作为反应气体在直径为50mm的Si(100)衬底上获得了高质量的3C-SiC外延材料.用X射线衍射和Raman散射技术研究了3C-SiC外延膜的结晶质量,在80～300K的温度范围内利用Van der Pauw方法对1～3μm厚的外延膜的电学特性进行了测试,室温Hall迁移率最高达到470cm2/(V*s),载流子浓度为7.7×1017cm-3.     

Selective CdTe Nanoheteroepitaxial Growth on Si(100) Substrates Using the Close-Spaced Sublimation Technique Without the Use of a Mask

The development of HgCdTe detectors requires high sensitivity, small pixel size, low defect density, long-term thermal-cycling reliability, and large-area substrates. CdTe bulk substrates were initially used for epitaxial growth of HgCdTe films. However, CdTe has a lattice mismatch with long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) and middle-wavelength infrared (MWIR) HgCdTe that results in detrimental dislocation densities above mid-10⁶ cm^?2. This work explores the use of CdTe/Si as a possible substrate for HgCdTe detectors. Although there is a 19% lattice mismatch between CdTe and Si, the nanoheteroepitaxy (NHE) technique makes it possible to grow CdTe on Si substrates with fewer defects at the CdTe/Si interface. In this work, Si(100) was patterned using photolithography and dry etching to create 500-nm to 1-μm pillars. CdTe was selectively deposited on the pillar surfaces using the close-spaced sublimation (CSS) technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the CdTe selective growth and grain morphology, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to analyze the structure and quality of the grains. CdTe selectivity was achieved for most of the substrate and source temperatures used in this study. The ability to selectively deposit CdTe on patterned Si(100) substrates without the use of a mask or seed layer has not been observed before using the CSS technique. The results from this study confirm that CSS has the potential to be an effective and low-cost technique for selective nanoheteroepitaxial growth of CdTe films on Si(100) substrates for infrared detector applications.     

Unusual defects in silicon carbide thin films grown by multiple or interrupted growth technique

This paper discusses the growth and characterization of 3C-SiC films on Si (1 0 0) and (1 1 1) substrates using hexamethyldisilane (HMDS) as the source material in a resistance-heated furnace as well as the formation and microstructure of various types of unusual defects. Apart from common triangular and square voids, some unusual shaped voids like hexagonal, truncated octahedron, etc. and some irregular features (like hockey stick or pipes) were observed regularly, which are related to voids. SiC whiskers and wires with a wide range of diameters (nm to μm) were formed inside cracked regions as well as within voids. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy were used to study these features.     

退火对Ni/3C-SiC欧姆接触的影响

采用溅射法在液相外延 3 C-Si C上制备 Ni电极 ,并利用圆形传输线法研究了退火温度对欧姆接触特性的影响 ,实验表明对于 Ni/n-Si C金半接触 ,经过 80 0～ 1 0 0 0°C高温退火 5分钟后 ,肖特基整流特性退化为欧姆接触 ,表现出良好的欧姆接触特性 ,且随退火温度的提高 ,接触电阻进一步下降 ,1 0 0 0°C退火后 ,可获得最低的接触电阻为 5 .0× 1 0 - 5Ω· cm2。