炼钢保护渣应用探讨

本文分析了常规板坯连铸结晶器、薄板坯连铸结晶器、方坯连铸结晶器和高拉速连铸结晶器的连铸特点及对结晶器保护渣性能的要求。     

连铸结晶器振动过程连铸坯应力分布有限元分析

对连铸结晶器振动过程进行了有限元模拟,获得了结晶器振动过程连铸坯表层应力分布,分析了结晶器锥度、结晶器与连铸坯间摩擦系数、拉速和连铸坯厚度对连铸坯表层应力分布的影响。振动过程结晶器末端附近区域连铸坯表层出现应力集中。随结晶器锥度减小和连铸坯宽度增加,连铸坯表层最大应力增加;拉速和连铸坯与结晶器间摩擦对连铸坯表层最大应力影响很小。研究结果对分析和认识连铸坯表面振痕的产生原因和结晶器磨损具有指导作用。     

方坯高速连铸结晶器的研究

介绍了当今连铸的发展趋势，针对实现方坯高速连铸的关键部件——结晶器，将传统结晶器的行为以及几种新型结晶器的技术特点进行了分析，概括了高速连铸结晶器的设计思想。     

高效板坯连铸结晶器集成技术

阐述并分析了高效连铸结晶器的关键技术,重点介绍了高效板坯连铸结晶器集成技术研究开发的主要内容,指出开发和应用高效板坯连铸结晶器集成技术对提高我国板坯连铸的整体水平具有重要意义。     

攀钢低合金钢板坯角横裂缺陷的控制技术

分析了结晶器液面波动、结晶器锥度、结晶器冷却制度、连铸保护渣、二冷制度等连铸工艺对低合金钢板坯角部横裂纹缺陷的影响,在此基础上,提出了改善板坯角部横裂纹的有效措施,即稳定结晶器液面、优化结晶器锥度、弱化结晶器冷却和连铸二次冷却,改进连铸保护渣等.研究结果经实施应用,明显减轻了板坯角部横裂纹缺陷,消除了因低合金高强度钢连铸坯角部横裂纹缺陷引起的热轧板卷边裂缺陷.     

连铸结晶器钢水液面控制系统探析

连铸结晶器钢水液面控制系统对于保证连铸机的稳定安全运行、优化生产操作步骤、提高铸坯质量、避免出现溢钢或漏钢问题具有重要意义。分析了连铸结晶器的钢水液面控制系统的作用与原理,阐述了连铸结晶器钢水液面控制系统设计原则,有利于加深对连铸结晶器钢水液面控制系统的理解。     

薄板坯连铸的技术关键—结晶器

薄板坯连铸的结晶器比常规板坯连铸的结晶器因其化渣面积较小而难化渣、熔池紊流易卷渣等导致了一些与结晶器有关的质量问题。本文从结晶器的形状及其熔池水力学两方面来讨论适用薄板坯连铸之结晶器以生产更高质量的产品。     

连铸结晶器瞬态摩擦阻力的实验研究

应用连铸结晶器凝固结构模拟装置,研究了结晶器瞬态摩擦阻力随结晶器振的变化规律。结晶显示：在结晶器上部,连铸坯与结晶器之间以粘性摩擦为主,摩擦阻力的主烨规律与结晶器振动的速度波形一致。     

小方坯连铸结晶器密封的改造

连铸结晶器的密封可靠与否，直接关系到连铸生产的正常和安全。为此黄钢对小方坯连铸结晶器的密封结构进行了改造，并选择了更为经济的硅橡胶密封圈，更好的保证了结晶器的密封要求。     

高速连铸结晶器卷渣缺陷的特征、演变及控制

高效、节能、低成本的高速连铸、连铸连轧工艺得到了快速的推广应用,但面临结晶器卷渣频率增加及轧材表面卷渣类缺陷率上升的发展瓶颈.分析了连铸结晶器卷渣的形成机制及主要影响因素,简述了卷渣类缺陷在铸坯、热轧、冷轧材的表现形式及演变规律,回顾了连铸结晶器卷渣的控制措施.针对现有措施难以适应高速连铸发展的不足,提出了结晶器内钢水...     

Mould Powder Development for Continuous Casting of Steel

Mould powders significantly determine the stability of the continuous casting process of steel at all casting speeds. The main functions of mould powders are to provide strand lubrication and to control the mould heat transfer in the horizontal direction between the steel shell and the copper mould. The composition, properties and operational performance of mould powders were investigated in detail with a focus on high-speed thin slab casting and conventional slab casting. Various advanced characterisation methods were applied, completed with experiments at laboratory scale and full-scale plant trials. It was found that melting of mould powder at the meniscus and crystallisation of the slag film are key processes during continuous casting. Both powder melting and slag crystallisation are primarily based on the composition of the mould powder and the mould slag. Additionally, the operational parameters during continuous casting will affect these processes as well. Results of the work are used for a further and more fundamental understanding of the mould powder functions and to guide mould powder design for various steel grades.     

板坯连铸机结晶器设计要点分析

从理论和实践的结合上就板坯连铸机结晶器的主要参数及相关设备结构的设计作了阐述,为板坯连铸机结晶器的设计、研究提供了依据。     

Optimization of Oscillation Model for Slab Continuous Casting Mould Based on Mould Friction Measurements in Plant Trial

Lubrication and friction between the mould and strand are strongly influenced by mould oscillation, and play an important role in slab quality and operating safety during continuous casting processes. Investigation of mould oscillation is therefore essential for getting a better online control of the mould processes. A feasible approach for the development and optimization of mould oscillation was put forward, which combined online measurement of mould friction, design of negative oscillating parameters and evaluation for powder consumption. Three different control models including sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal oscillation for mould oscillations were developed to investigate and evaluate the effects of oscillation on mould friction and powder lubrication. For the purpose of investigating mould friction between mould and strand, online measurement was carried out on a slab continuous caster equipped with a hydraulic oscillator. Also the comparison of the mould friction in sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal mould oscillation was made for subsequent analysis. The industrial experiment result shows that the combination of inverse control model and non-sinusoidal oscillation mode will contribute to the proper powder consumption, leading to a suitable effect of friction force on strand surface, especially for high speed continuous casting. The proposed method provides reliable basis for guiding and optimizing mould oscillation among control models, sinusoidal oscillation and non-sinusoidal oscillation.     

连铸结晶器检测控制技术的新发展

详尽介绍了到目前为止所开发及使用的各种传感器及其功能与应用范围，如：连铸机结晶器铜板温度的测量、检测结晶器中钢水液位所用仪表、结晶器振荡的监测，结晶器和板坯之间摩擦力的检测。测量结晶器铜板壁和铸坯之间缝隙中的渣膜厚度和结晶器内钢水池上熔融保护渣层深度的技术……等等。阐述了这些检测控制技术对连铸技术发展所起的重要作用。在建新连铸机或改造老连铸机时，必须采用各种行之有效的检测和控制方法，并不断开发新方     

攀钢板坯连铸机结晶器流场优化的水模拟研究

在攀钢条件下对连铸板坯结晶器流场进行了水模拟实验，研究了拉速，结晶器宽度，水口结构等参数与结晶器流场，液面波动，流股行为及夹杂物上浮状况之间的关系。实验结果对板坯结晶器工艺参数优化和连铸生产有参考价值。     

薄板坯连铸结晶器铜板温度及热流密度分布

薄板坯连铸结晶器的传热过程直接影响到铜板的寿命,有必要研究薄板坯连铸结晶器的传热特征。为了研究薄板坯结晶器的热流密度,通过开发的结晶器温度监测软件检测了珠钢结晶器铜板的温度。根据在线实测的铜板温度以及薄板坯连铸机冷却参数,建立了薄板坯结晶器铜板传热模型,计算并验证了结晶器热流密度的分布函数,同时通过二次回归得出了结晶器热流密度与结晶器高度的关系式。结果表明,在宽度方向上铜板温度和热流密度的分布具有相似的规律性,距离弯月面越近,热流密度和温度的波动越大。弯月面处热流密度值大于4．2MW／m^2,是造成结晶器铜板被侵蚀的主要原因。     

连铸与模铸高铁车轴钢的高周疲劳破坏行为

连铸车轴钢能否达到模铸车轴钢的性能水平是其能否应用的一个关键。对此,采用旋转弯曲疲劳试验及疲劳裂纹扩展速率试验对比研究了连铸与模铸工艺生产的高铁车轴钢的高周疲劳破坏行为。结果表明,工业试制的连铸车轴钢的强度和疲劳极限均低于模铸车轴钢,且前者的疲劳裂纹扩展速率略高于后者。疲劳断口分析表明,疲劳断裂大部分起源于试样表面基体。微观组织分析表明,尽管两者的微观组织均为高温回火马氏体,但连铸车轴钢中原奥氏体晶粒尺寸及碳化物均略大于模铸车轴钢。金相评级法及夹杂物极值统计法的结果均表明,连铸车轴钢中的夹杂物尺寸明显大于模铸车轴钢。因此,为了以连铸工艺取代模铸工艺,还需要进一步优化连铸车轴钢的成分、冶金生产和热处理等工艺,以获得优良的冶金质量和组织性能。     

高速连铸用结晶器保护渣

概述了高速铸的特点及其对结晶器保护渣的要求,给出了高速连铸用结晶器保护渣的理化性能及所应具有原成分;总结顾高拉速结晶器用保护渣的研究现状。     

铁合金连续铸造结晶器振动参数的选择

分析了结晶器振动参数对连续铸造的影响。在此基础上，讨论了锰系铁合金连续铸造结晶器振动基本参数的选择。     

Modelling of steel shrinkage and optimisation of mould taper for high speed continuous casting

Abstract

In high speed continuous casting, optimisation of mould taper is key for intensifying heat transfer and for improving the quality of the cast products. Mathematical modelling has been carried out by combining heat transfer, steel shrinkage and parabolic continuous taper model in order to optimise the mould taper profile. These models have been assembled to a set of software, the inputs of which include the steel grade, casting speed, casting temperature, length and the cross-section of mould tube, while the outputs consist of surface temperature of the strand, thickness of solidified shell, thermal linear expansion coefficient, steel shrinkage, distortion of the mould tube wall, the actual air gap, total taper and the continuous taper profile. Optimum mould taper has a parabolic profile which is tapered inwards that changes continuously along the length of the strand in order to achieve reduction in air gap while avoiding distortion of the mould tube.