共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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《化学世界》2016,(10)
以异丙醇为分散剂,碱纤维与3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵反应,醚化接枝制得季铵型阳离子纤维素(QACC)。用红外光谱、X射线衍射对材料的结构进行了表征:红外光谱中1 637cm-1处存在明显的季铵基的弯曲振动。经过改性的QACC结晶度下降。探究了QACC对直接染料的吸附性能:在pH值为5.6~6.2、318K时,QACC对直接绿1、直接冻黄G、直接嫩黄5GB和直接橙S的吸附容量分别为403、433、918和526 mg/g;表观活化能分别为67.2、73.7、59.7和72.8kJ/mol;QACC对直接染料的吸附过程均符合Lagergren二级动力学方程,吸附速率随温度升高而加快;吸附等温模型均符合Langmuir等温式,都为单分子层吸附,吸附主要为化学吸附。QACC经8次解吸再生,吸附容量百分率可达92%,说明QACC有较好的再生性能,可循环利用。 相似文献
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制备了羧甲基甲壳素-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物,研究了其对印染废水的吸附脱色能力.结果显示羧甲基甲壳素-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物对印染废水具有良好的吸附脱色性能.脱色实验最佳工:艺条件为,接枝率为67.5%的羧甲基甲壳素-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物,在投放量为0.6g· L-1,温度为20℃,脱色时间为15min的条件下,脱色率可达到96.... 相似文献
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低压季铵化聚砜反渗透膜的性能研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文研究了季铵化聚砜反渗透膜的耐酸碱、耐氧化、耐氯等方面的性能;研究了操作条件,如操作压力、进料液温度、NaCl 浓度、浓缩水回流量、操作时间对膜反渗透性能的影响;并分别以CaCl_2,NaCl、MgSO_4、Na_2SO_4等盐溶液为进料液,研究了季铵化聚砜膜的离子选择性。实验表明该膜具有良好的化学稳定性及长期操作稳定性,是一种有发展前途的膜。 相似文献
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蛋壳膜吸附脱色处理水溶性染料 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以蛋壳膜作吸附剂,对曙红等4种不同结构的水溶性染料分子的单水溶液进行吸附脱色研究。探讨了蛋壳膜用量、溶液pH值、吸附时间及温度对吸附脱色的影响。结果表明:蛋壳膜对水溶性染料的吸附宜在酸性条件下进行,在最佳条件下,蛋壳膜对曙红、铬黑T的脱色率达95%以上,对亚甲基蓝和甲基紫吸附效果不理想,说明蛋壳膜本身对含甲基类染料吸附能力较低。此研究利用了废弃的蛋壳膜,解决染色废液的处理问题,对于蛋壳膜的开发利用以及染料废水的脱色处理寻找到了新的途径。 相似文献
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采用HDTMA(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)对花生壳进行改性,探讨季铵化花生壳的最佳制备条件,并对其进行表征。结果表明,季铵化花生壳最佳制备条件为:HDTMA用量1.5%,改性时间2.0 h,反应温度为30℃。花生壳实现了季铵盐阳离子改性,内部具有发达的孔系,比表面积为10.924 8 m2/g,平均孔半径为26.0532 nm,对水中橙黄II的吸附效率显著提高,高达99%。 相似文献
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应用DSC、TG观察了蔗渣微晶纤维素-聚丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物的热行为。随着接枝量不同,其热分解曲线和在相同重量损失条件下的分解温度不一样。比较蔗渣微晶纤维素、均聚物及其接枝共聚物的DSC和TG曲线,发现它们的热分解反应是一个吸热过程,接枝共聚物的热稳定性比蔗渣微晶纤维素和聚丙烯酰胺的都高。 相似文献
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蜜糖在化妆品中应用广泛,但其粘附性并不令人满意.对蜜糖进行了季铵化合成,希望在保留糖类亲水性的同时具备阳离子表面活性剂的某些性质. 相似文献
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A. P. Mikhailovskaya M. S. Serenko 《Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering》2016,50(4):513-517
The results of studying the effect of quaternary ammonium salts in colorimetric coloration characteristics and thermodynamic parameters of the process of dyeing polypropylene fiber with disperse dyes are presented. 相似文献
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季铵盐型抗菌纤维素纤维的辐射接枝聚合 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
固相表面接触抗菌材料应用于水的表面接触消毒是一项新的水处理技术,提高材料表面抗菌基团含量将有利于抗菌性能的提高。本研究采用直接辐射接枝和预辐射接枝两种方法,在纤维素纤维表面引入具有抗菌功能的季铵盐聚合物,详细探讨了两种辐射接枝聚合技术以及温度、时间、单体浓度、辐射剂量等具体辐射接枝聚合工艺参数对接枝聚合反应的影响。利用红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对接枝纤维素纤维进行了表征。结果表明,采用预辐射接枝技术可制得接枝率55%以上的高接枝率抗菌纤维素纤维。 相似文献
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Role of quaternary ammonium salts in improving the fastness properties of anionic dyes on cellulose fibres 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The object of this study was to review the developments taking place during 1990–2005 regarding the use of quaternary ammonium salts as dye fixing agents for improving the fastness properties of anionic dyes on cellulose fibres. As far as fastness properties are concerned, this review is restricted only to fastness to light, washing and water treatments. 相似文献
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Quaternary ammonium borodiglycolates and borodioxalates were prepared by the reaction of quaternary ammonium tetrahydroxyborates with glycolic acid and oxalic acid, respectively. These compounds are used as the electrolyte salts of aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Their molar conductivities, limiting molar conductivities and oxidation potentials in γ-butyrolactone were higher than those of borodisalicylates and borodicatecholates due to the lack of aromatic rings. Their film-forming ability of anodic aluminum oxide in γ-butyrolactone electrolytes containing a small amount of water was poor, because both anodic dissolution and oxidation occurred simultaneously. 相似文献
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季铵盐型双子表面活性剂的合成和性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以烷基二甲基叔胺R(CH32N(R为C12H25、C14H29和C16H33)、盐酸、环氧氯丙烷为原料合成了系列季铵盐型双子表面活性剂GnCl2(n=12,14,16),样品经核磁共振及元素分析证实其结构.研究了其水溶液的表面活性、泡沫性能和杀菌性能.结果表明,所合成的双子阳离子表面活性剂具有较高的表面活性,烷基链越长,临界胶束浓度越小;不同链长的GnCl2体系中,G12Cl2溶液的起泡和稳泡效能最高,起泡和稳泡效率最低;通过纸片扩散法测定其杀菌性能表明,双季铵盐型表面活性剂具有优良的杀菌能力. 相似文献
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Three novel spiropyran (SP) dyes containing quaternary ammonium salt or cinnamoyl moiety were synthesized and their photosensitive properties as photoinitiator were characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy. The intramolecular electron transfer of SP dyes containing quaternary ammonium salt was much faster and can initiate the photopolymerization under UV irradiation though the photochromic properties than those of SPs containing cinnamoyl group. A photoinitiation system containing SPs and the hexaarylbisimidazoles was studies, and the initiation properties were tested by monitoring the conversion rate of double‐bond at 810 and 1640 cm?1 with ‐time infrared spectroscopy. It was found that the system containing our SP derivatives exhibited much higher initiating efficiency than ever reported SP dyes in the photopolymerization of 2‐phenoxyethylacrylate/N‐vinylcarbazole. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012 相似文献