一种新型宽带双圆极化天线的研究与设计

本文提出了一种新型的sinuous天线单元与其馈电网络结合起来实现宽带及双圆极化的设计方案。文章分别对sinuous天线单元及馈电网络的基本原理及设计方法进行了介绍。并对天线单元和馈电网络进行了仿真分析和优化设计。结果表明,所设计的天线和馈电网络在工作频带2.0~2.3GHz内具有良好的电性能。     

Design, optimization, and validation of a planar nine-element Quasi-Yagi antenna array for X-band applications [Antenna designer's Notebook]

A planar antenna array, based on nine identical quasi-Yagi elements, is presented in this paper. Contrary to conventional designs, the feeding network is composed of three-way power dividers, which are carefully designed in order to provide synchronized output signals over a wide frequency range. The use of spline-shaped microstrip lines suppresses coupling effects by parallel lines. Thus, signal distortions within the feeding network are minimized. Compared to conventional designs with eight elements, the additional antenna element will enhance the gain of the array, which is between 10.5 dBi and 13 dBi in the X band. The input return loss of the antenna array is below -15 dB over most parts of the relevant spectrum, with a total bandwidth of 45%. The planar antenna array is well suited as a radiating element in linear phased arrays for multifunction radars, including SAR and MTI. Additionally, the suitability of this antenna for phased-array applications is studied by an experimental setup consisting of five antenna plates.     

Circularly polarized dielectric-loaded planar antenna excited bythe parallel feeding waveguide network

A new receiving planar array antenna for DBS (direct broadcasting satellite) is proposed. The element antenna is a short waveguide aperture mounted in the ground plane, loaded with a dielectric and polarizers, and excited through its side wall by another feeding rectangular waveguide. The gain of the element antenna loaded with a dielectric is so high that the grating lobes can be reduced sufficiently even if the element spacing in the array is wider than the wavelength in free space. Therefore we can reduce the number of the array elements, and parallel feeding by the low loss waveguide network can be feasible to provide a planar array antenna. This paper describes the experimental results of several kinds of the circularly polarized dielectric-loaded element antennas and the planar antennas fed by the waveguide network. In the 12 GHz band the planar antenna with 64-element radiators has a maximum gain of 31.9 dBi with an aperture efficiency of 94.7%, the 1 dB-down frequency bandwidth of the gain is about 800 MHz (6.7% for a center frequency of 11.85 GHz), and the frequency bandwidth of the axial ratio is less than 1 dB of 850 MHz (7.2%)     

Integrated four-beam dual-band antenna array fed by broadband Butler matrix

A four-beam dual-band antenna array fed by a single 4times4 Butler matrix is presented, for the first time. A broadband Butler matrix designed in a stripline technique has been used as a basic element of a feeding network. To separate signals frequency diplexers have been designed. All designed elements of the feeding network have been integrated together with two antenna rows operating in two separate frequency bands     

具有谐波抑制功能的多极化微带天线阵设计

本文提出了一种基于切换馈电网络的极化可重构微带天线阵。阵列单元采用正方形辐射贴片,利用微带线缝隙耦合进行馈电,通过在馈电结构中心加载短路柱,可获得宽带性能的同时,有效抑制偶次谐波。综合采用串联组阵和并联组阵技术,优化设计了一款2×2的天线阵列,将阵列端口分别与微带分支线耦合器及微带混合环相连,最终实现了水平和垂直线极化,左旋和右旋圆极化四种模式的切换。实验结果表明,所提出的天线在ISM频段2.4~2.5 GHz频率范围内获得了良好的匹配和多极化特性。该天线阵设计简单、易于操作,可潜在应用于无线通信系统中天线极化分集的场合。     

一种宽带低剖面高增益低副瓣定向平板天线北大核心CSCD

研究设计了一款低剖面、宽带、高增益、低副瓣的定向平板天线。为了实现低剖面,采用了宽带微带天线单元、馈电网络等设计,定向天线整体采用印制板;为了实现低副瓣,采用阵列天线与馈电网络的一体化设计,用多层印制板加工技术实现天线单元间不等幅度的馈电精度,尽可能减少人工装配步骤,以降低装配误差。文中对设计的低副瓣定向天线进行了加工测试。测试结果表明,所研制天线的阻抗带宽为26.1%。在阻抗带宽范围内,可以实现最大增益大于23.6 dBi、E面和H面的副瓣电平分别小于-27.4 dB和-28.3 dB、前后比小于-42.2 dB。     

4-element planar array antenna for UWB application

A novel low-cost 4-element planar array antenna directly fed by a coaxial cable for Ultra-WideBand(UWB) application is presented. The proposed antenna consists of 2×2 bowtie elements and a simple 1:4 power divider feeding network. Compared to the basic bowtie element, the impedance bandwidth of the array antenna has a significant improvement that the low cut-off frequency is extended from 6 GHz of the bowtie element to 2 GHz. The measured results show that the proposed antenna has a large bandwidth of 2 GHz to 11 GHz for Voltage Standing Wave Ratio(VSWR)2, and exhibits a bidirectional radiation pattern and a modest gain across the operating band and a peak gain of about 9 dBi at 11 GHz.     

一种电阻加载的超宽带TEM 喇叭天线

设计了一种基于电阻加载的超宽带TEM 喇叭天线。该天线由两片平滑渐变的金属曲面组成,通过在 馈电端引入微带渐变馈电结构便于同轴线馈电,同时在天线辐射片末端引入电阻加载技术消除天线口面与自由空 间失配引起的反射波能量,有效地改善低频特性,拓展带宽。在理论分析的基础上设计并制作了一副天线样机,实 验测试表明:在0. 1-5GHz 频率范围内,VSWR<2。该天线具有约50:1 的阻抗带宽,并且在0. 75-5GHz 频率范围内 具有良好传输特性。     

Broadband Patch Antenna With a Folded Plate Pair as a Differential Feeding Scheme

A broadband differential-fed patch antenna (DFPA) with good radiation pattern is proposed and studied. Unlike conventional DFPAs, the proposed antenna employs a folded plate pair as the differential feeding scheme. The devised feeding approach subtly acts as an impedance matching media for two radiation modes of the antenna, conducing to the wide impedance bandwidth. The conceived bandwidth enhancement technique demonstrates an impedance bandwidth (SWR les2) of up to 74% which outperforms conventional broadband patch antennas of more than 20%. Meanwhile, by using a differentially-driven signal along with the introduced feeding scheme, symmetric radiation patterns, low cross-polarization levels and stable radiation patterns are realized within the band. More importantly, the antenna has a stable gain at 8.5 dBi within a wide frequency range, demonstrating the high stability of the radiation characteristics for the two radiation modes. Analysis and parametric studies of the proposed feeding structure are provided.     

Transverse slot antenna array in the broad wall of a rectangular waveguide partially filled with a dielectric slab

A compact and wide-band transverse slot antenna array in the broad wall of a rectangular waveguide partially filled with an H-plane -dielectric slab is presented in this paper. By partially filling an H-plane dielectric slab in the waveguide, the inter-element spacing between slots is reduced to be about 0.8 free-space wavelengths to avoid grating lobes. In addition, the partially filled material provides extra flexibility to adjust the slot impedance as desired within a relatively wide frequency range. A new feeding network is designed for this antenna array, which can prevent the shift in the pointing angle of the array's main radiation beam with the change of frequency. Experimental data for a 2/spl times/4 antenna array operating at X-band show that stable radiation pattern over a wide frequency range can be obtained. The measured gain is 16.9 dB at 10 GHz and the fluctuation is less than 2 dB over a frequency band of 1.5 GHz. The slot array's 10-dB return loss bandwidth is 13% and the cross-polarization level is better than -25 dB.     

采用新型馈电结构的双频宽带导航天线设计

基于新馈电结构,设计了一款覆盖全球四大卫星导航系统的双频宽带贴片天线。采用了一种四分八馈电线路,以8个同轴馈电探针两两相连的方式将两路天线馈电信号合为一路,有效简化了馈电网络的复杂性,同时保证了天线辐射的增益、带宽和轴比性能。该双频辐射贴片单元采用正八边形层叠式结构设计,并在每个天线单元边缘对称添加两组矩形调谐单元,有效增加了天线辐射的波束带宽。该双频天线单元在高频1.482~1.617 GHz（波束带宽155 MHz）和低频1.191~1.252 GHz(波束带宽61 MHz）频段范围内,都能保证良好的辐射增益;高低频的3 dB轴比带宽为-130°~130°,具备良好的圆极化性能。经实物样机对比测试分析,实测结果与仿真结果基本吻合。     

Reduced sidelobe four-beam antenna array fed by modified Butler matrix

A novel four-beam antenna array fed by a modified 4/spl times/8 Butler matrix is proposed. Four 180/spl deg/ directional couplers in conjunction with a 4/spl times/4 Butler matrix are applied to provide a tapered excitation of a linear eight-element switched-beam antenna array. Sidelobes as low as -20 dB for all four beams have been both theoretically and experimentally achieved. A proposed technique of antenna element rotation simplifies the design of a feeding network.     

一种新颖的宽带高增益车载全向天线

介绍了一种工作在225～800MHz的双锥柱形超宽带垂直极化全向天线结构。在两天线单元之间加同轴电缆扼流圈替代传统的0．25A0扼流杯,并在天线底部加同轴电缆扼流圈和用Г匹配方式给两天线单元馈电的方法,完成了一种具有4个倍频程的超宽带垂直极化全向天线。该天线具有良好的匹配性能和辐射特性,有效的克服了一般超宽带全向天线垂直面辐射方向图主波瓣容易偏离水平面的不足。     

复权重天线馈电网络的发展现状

近年来,在新兴的通信技术与军事技术的驱动下,多模天线单元与非常规天线阵成为天线技术中的研究热点。这类天线包括各种新型的用到复权重馈电网络的多模天线单元、相位中心连续可移动虚拟天线阵、阵元方向图分集天线阵等等,它们都有重要的应用前景。然而复权重馈电网络的现行解决方案是在馈电网络各支路中级联移相器和可变增益放大器,通过复杂的有源电路甚至有源系统实现。已有方案存在结构复杂、成本高、功耗大等缺点。因此,研究结构简单、低成本、低功耗的无源复权重馈电网络,尤其是可电调无源复权重馈电网络,具有重要的科学意义与广泛的应用价值。文章在这方面提出了若干新的设想。     

Compact triple band antenna for WLAN/ WiMAX applications

A low profile printed antenna with triple band operation is presented for simultaneous use in wireless local area network (WLAN) and worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) applications. The antenna consists of a rectangular radiating element fed asymmetrically by a 50 Omega microstrip line and a shaped trapezoidal ground plane. Rectangular horizontal strips are attached to the radiation element to form different current paths which make the antenna resonate in WLAN and WiMAX frequency bands. The antenna operates in dipole configuration outlining overall dimensions of 38 times 30 times 0.8 mm³.     

Aperture coupled to stripline antenna element for integrated antenna arrays

A new stripline-fed aperture coupled antenna element is proposed. An additional slot in a ground plane allows achievement of efficient electromagnetic coupling with the radiating element and good return loss of the antenna fed by a stripline. The described radiating elements can be easily integrated with a feeding network designed in the most commonly used stripline technique when a large antenna array is to be developed.     

一种宽带缝隙耦合微带天线阵列的设计北大核心CSCD

微带阵列天线具有增益高、剖面低、体积小、重量轻、成本低、易共形等优势,为了克服其频带窄、交叉极化强的问题,文中采用偏置缝隙耦合馈电、上层贴片、并馈网络等措施设计了宽带多层微带阵列天线。在等效电路分析基础上,结合仿真验证,分析了关键参数对天线单元阻抗匹配的影响,得出了单元最佳结构尺寸。采用了灵活的等功分并馈网络实现了8×8布局、45°极化的微带阵列天线。仿真和实测结果表明:电压驻波比VSWR<2的阻抗带宽达到48.8%,半功率波束宽度HPBW>9.2°时增益大于18 dB,交叉极化电平低于-22 dB,同时具备较深的零深、较低的副瓣电平。     

Dual-band dual polarised printed antenna element

A novel printed antenna element capable of providing dual polarised operation over two widely separated frequency bands is described. The element consists of a perforated proximity-fed microstrip patch antenna operating at the lower frequency, layered over a subarray of aperture coupled microstrip elements operating at the upper frequency. Results for a specific example operating at L and X bands (a frequency ratio of 8:1) are presented. The impedance bandwidth for both bands is >6%, with isolation within bands >20 dB and isolation between bands >40 dB. The element and feed network also has the advantage of being compact enough to be used in arrays, providing dual polarised dual-band operation from a single low-profile aperture     

一种低方向性的球形共形全向天线阵列设计

传统的球形共形天线阵列馈电网络复杂,每个天线单元需要单独馈电和控制相位,导致天线阵列效 率较低。文中提出了一种采用口径耦合馈电的单馈球面共形全向天线阵。为球形天线阵列设计了一个1 分30 的馈 电网络且直接集成在了阵列内部。这样可以通过一个端口给所有的天线单元馈电,从而降低了馈电的复杂度,提高 了天线效率。阵列的方向图在x-y 平面上是全向的。x-y 平面的增益变化小于1 dB,x-z 平面的半功率波瓣宽度约为 120°,实现了比传统全向更大的空间覆盖范围。天线的方向图最大增益为1 dBi。     

一种空气同轴馈电的X波段低副瓣阵列天线

设计了一种应用于雷达系统中的低成本低副瓣阵列天线, 该天线阵包含256个辐射单元, 由四个64单元的子阵组成, 采用波导合成网络进行功率合成.天线单元采用空气同轴馈电的角锥喇叭, 空气同轴馈线内外导体呈方型结构, 其终端为短路馈电方式, 实现了内导体的自支撑设计和较低的传输损耗, 并依据综合幅度分布采用若干数量的不等功分器进行低副瓣设计.测试结果表明, 小于2的驻波带宽为0.5 GHz, 相对带宽为7.5%.另外, 中心频率的增益为30 dB, 增益大于29.5 dB的带宽为0.2 GHz, E面和H面的旁瓣电平为28.5 dB和29 dB.