计算机检索、机器翻译

0308597利用图像纹理特征的图像检索[刊]/黄学军//红外与激光工程.—2002,31(6).—495～498(E) 随着多媒体技术的发展,大容量图像库得到了广泛的应用,基于内容的图像检索(CBIR)技术则是进行管理和检索的有效手段。介绍了利用图像的纹理特征进行图像检索的方法、具体算法和 CBIR 系统的实现,给出了试验结果。参4     

利用图像纹理特征的图像检索

随着多媒体技术的发展，大容量图像库得到了广泛的应用，基于内容的图像检索（CBIR）技术则是进行管理和检索的有效手段。介绍了利用图像的纹理特征进行图像检索的方法、具体算法和CBIR系统的实现，给出了试验结果。     

基于多特征组合的彩色遥感图像分类研究

为了解决利用单一特征对彩色遥感图像进行分类效果不理想、普适性不强等问题,提出了一种基于颜色和纹理特征组合的支持向量机彩色遥感图像分类方法。该方法尝试将彩色遥感图像的颜色信息和纹理信息相结合作为支持向量机算法分类的特征向量,据此对遥感影像进行分类,并进行了实验验证。结果表明,颜色和纹理特征组合的支持向量机分类方法能够取得较高的分类精度,其分类效果优于传统的单一颜色或纹理特征分类,是一种有效的彩色遥感图像分类方法。     

基于小波包和分形相结合的纹理分类

纹理是图像内容的重要特征之一,纹理图像分类中最重要的步骤是纹理特征的提取。纹理图像利用空间-频率域分析法时,纹理特征主要集中在中、高频段,纹理图像边缘包含着丰富的纹理特征信息。利用小波包和分形相结合的方法提取纹理特征值进行纹理图像分类,实验结果表明此算法是合理有效的,纹理分类的正确识别率较高。     

基于局部特征的图像实时分类方法

图像分类技术一直以来是图像处理的一个难题,特别是基于内容的网络图像实时搜索和过滤是图像快速分类的基础,利用图像的颜色特征和纹理特征在局部区域进行图像分类,并对敏感区域利用支持向量机SVM分类器来实现多特征的分类,可以快速实时的实现图像分类。     

基于统计几何的纹理特征提取及分类算法

纹理识别是计算机视觉领域一个重要的课题,本文研究了统计几何特征(SGF)纹理分析方法并与向量机结合构建分类系统。对支持向量机(SVM)的多分类方法的实现,构建了粗分类和细分类相结合的多分类器,实现了纹理图像的准确划分,为有效纹理特征的表示奠定了基础。本文对统计几何特征提取方法进行了研究,利用图像函数图来进行纹理描述,使用一个可变的阈值把一幅灰度纹理图像切割成一系列二进制图像,由二进制图像的连通域、几何拓扑属性推导纹理描述特征。实验结果表明,统计几何特征具有非常强的纹理描述能力,同时能够克服图像的旋转。     

Image feature extraction and classification based on statistical geometrical features

纹理识别是计算机视觉领域一个重要的课题,本文研究了统计几何特征（SGF）纹理分析方法并与向量机结合构建分类系统。对支持向量机（SVM）的多分类方法的实现,构建了粗分类和细分类相结合的多分类器,实现了纹理图像的准确划分,为有效纹理特征的表示奠定了基础。本文对统计几何特征提取方法进行了研究,利用图像函数图来进行纹理描述,使用一个可变的阈值把～幅灰度纹理图像切割成一系列二进制图像,由二进制图像的连通域、几何拓扑属性推导纹理描述特征。实验结果表明,统计几何特征具有非常强的纹理描述能力,同时能够克服图像的旋转。     

结合Gabor滤波器和ICA技术的纹理分类方法

提取有效的特征用于纹理描述和分类一直是纹理分析的难点.本文提出一种结合Gabor滤波器和ICA技术的纹理特征提取方法,即纹理图像首先经过Gabor滤波器组滤波,然后由滤波图像直接构建高维特征矢量;再将这些高维特征矢量通过主成分分析PCA进行降维,最后采用ICA技术分析和提取降维后的特征矢量中的独立成分用于纹理分类.通过与经典Gabor滤波器和ICA方法的对比实验,验证和评价了本文方法的性能.     

基于多分辨率Trace变换的纹理图像分类

针对Trace变换提取的图像特征缺乏对纹理边缘信息描述和计算代价高的问题,利用小波变换对图像轮廓的表征优势,提出了多分辨率Trace变换并应用于纹理图像分类.首先,将小波变换引入到Trace变换中,对纹理图像进行非下采样小波变换,得到不同频率的低频特征子图及高频边缘子图;其次,在各级子图上进行一组泛函的Trace变换,获取纹理图像的融合特征,在获得图像边缘信息的同时避免了Trace变换不同泛函组合计算代价过高的问题;最后,把融合特征送入支持向量机对图像进行分类.实验结果表明,对图像采用多分辨率Trace变换提取的融合特征具有更好的纹理描述能力,相对于传统Trace变换及MCM等对比方法具有更高的鉴别性能,且在时间效率上相对于传统Trace变换有大幅提升.     

激光雷达中基于组合纹理的低空风切变识别算法

针对不同的风切变在激光雷达图像上所呈现的不同纹理特性,提出了一种组合局部纹理特征和全局纹理特征的识别方法。先分别从激光雷达风切变图像中提取LBP特征和灰度-梯度共生矩阵特征,LBP特征反应图像的局部纹理,代表风场局部风速的变化,灰度-梯度共生矩阵特征反应图像的全局纹理,代表风场全局的风速变化,再通过典型相关分析对两种特征进行融合,最后采用最近邻分类器对三种风切变进行匹配识别。实验结果表明,该算法对三种低空风切变的平均识别率达到99.02%,与三种单一的纹理特征分类识别相比,分别提高了18.86%,5.88%和7.01%。     

一种新的图像检索方法

常规基于内容图像检索的方法是提取图像的颜色、纹理等物理特征,运用相似性度量准则从图像库中查询相似的图像。为了提高图像检索的正确率,这里提出改进的方法。具体方法是:提取图像的物理特征,并将特征作为支持向量机(SVM)的输入向量,对图像进行分类,然后利用分类结果,对检索图像进行相似性匹配,从同类图像中找出相似的图像。实验结果显示,该方法的检索结果优于常规方法。     

A new way for multidimensional medical data management: volume of interest (VOI)-based retrieval of medical images with visual and functional features.

The advances in digital medical imaging and storage in integrated databases are resulting in growing demands for efficient image retrieval and management. Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) refers to the retrieval of images from a database, using the visual features derived from the information in the image, and has become an attractive approach to managing large medical image archives. In conventional CBIR systems for medical images, images are often segmented into regions which are used to derive two-dimensional visual features for region-based queries. Although such approach has the advantage of including only relevant regions in the formulation of a query, medical images that are inherently multidimensional can potentially benefit from the multidimensional feature extraction which could open up new opportunities in visual feature extraction and retrieval. In this study, we present a volume of interest (VOI) based content-based retrieval of four-dimensional (three spatial and one temporal) dynamic PET images. By segmenting the images into VOIs consisting of functionally similar voxels (e.g., a tumor structure), multidimensional visual and functional features were extracted and used as region-based query features. A prototype VOI-based functional image retrieval system (VOI-FIRS) has been designed to demonstrate the proposed multidimensional feature extraction and retrieval. Experimental results show that the proposed system allows for the retrieval of related images that constitute similar visual and functional VOI features, and can find potential applications in medical data management, such as to aid in education, diagnosis, and statistical analysis.     

Similarity-based online feature selection in content-based image retrieval.

Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) has been more and more important in the last decade, and the gap between high-level semantic concepts and low-level visual features hinders further performance improvement. The problem of online feature selection is critical to really bridge this gap. In this paper, we investigate online feature selection in the relevance feedback learning process to improve the retrieval performance of the region-based image retrieval system. Our contributions are mainly in three areas. 1) A novel feature selection criterion is proposed, which is based on the psychological similarity between the positive and negative training sets. 2) An effective online feature selection algorithm is implemented in a boosting manner to select the most representative features for the current query concept and combine classifiers constructed over the selected features to retrieve images. 3) To apply the proposed feature selection method in region-based image retrieval systems, we propose a novel region-based representation to describe images in a uniform feature space with real-valued fuzzy features. Our system is suitable for online relevance feedback learning in CBIR by meeting the three requirements: learning with small size training set, the intrinsic asymmetry property of training samples, and the fast response requirement. Extensive experiments, including comparisons with many state-of-the-arts, show the effectiveness of our algorithm in improving the retrieval performance and saving the processing time.     

基才高维局部特征和LSH索引的图像检索技术

基于内容的图像检索（CBIR）技术使从海量图像资源中快速高效地提取有价值的信息得以实现,采用局部特征来表示图像并在此基础上进行图像相似性检索是当前的热门研究课题。文中将图像高维局部不变特征提取算法和LSH索引算法应用到基于内容的图像检索系统中,实验结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

基于内容的视频镜头的分类

论文在研究了视频关键帧选取和特征提取技术的基础上,提出了一种基于内容的视频镜头分类方法,并将其应用于动漫/真人的视频镜头的分类,以检验所提方法的性能。实验首先提取了视频的语义特征,接着使用互信息对特征的有效性进行分析,最后使用支持向量机作为分类器,对特征分析的结果进行验证。     

基于彩色空间3D广义共发矩阵的视觉信息检索

本文针对基于内容的图象检索（CBIR）提出一组基于HSV空间的3D广义共发矩阵的新颖的图象纹理特征，通过在CBIR检索系统iPhoto中（25，000张图象）上测试，利用本文特征地传统灰度共发矩阵。     

A new SVM-based relevance feedback image retrieval using probabilistic feature and weighted kernel function

Relevance feedback (RF) is an effective approach to bridge the gap between low-level visual features and high-level semantic meanings in content-based image retrieval (CBIR). The support vector machine (SVM) based RF mechanisms have been used in different fields of image retrieval, but they often treat all positive and negative feedback samples equally, which will inevitably degrade the effectiveness of SVM-based RF approaches for CBIR. In fact, positive and negative feedback samples, different positive feedback samples, and different negative feedback samples all always have distinct properties. Moreover, each feedback interaction process is usually tedious and time-consuming because of complex visual features, so if too many times of iteration of feedback are asked, users may be impatient to interact with the CBIR system. To overcome the above limitations, we propose a new SVM-based RF approach using probabilistic feature and weighted kernel function in this paper. Firstly, the probabilistic features of each image are extracted by using principal components analysis (PCA) and the adapted Gaussian mixture models (AGMM) based dimension reduction, and the similarity is computed by employing Kullback–Leibler divergence. Secondly, the positive feedback samples and negative feedback samples are marked, and all feedback samples’ weight values are computed by utilizing the samples-based Relief feature weighting. Finally, the SVM kernel function is modified dynamically according to the feedback samples’ weight values. Extensive simulations on large databases show that the proposed algorithm is significantly more effective than the state-of-the-art approaches.     

Semantic content-based image retrieval: A comprehensive study

The complexity of multimedia contents is significantly increasing in the current digital world. This yields an exigent demand for developing highly effective retrieval systems to satisfy human needs. Recently, extensive research efforts have been presented and conducted in the field of content-based image retrieval (CBIR). The majority of these efforts have been concentrated on reducing the semantic gap that exists between low-level image features represented by digital machines and the profusion of high-level human perception used to perceive images. Based on the growing research in the recent years, this paper provides a comprehensive review on the state-of-the-art in the field of CBIR. Additionally, this study presents a detailed overview of the CBIR framework and improvements achieved; including image preprocessing, feature extraction and indexing, system learning, benchmarking datasets, similarity matching, relevance feedback, performance evaluation, and visualization. Finally, promising research trends, challenges, and our insights are provided to inspire further research efforts.     

基于差异性和重要性的问句特征组合

在问答系统问句分类研究中,对问句特征进行组合有助于构造高效的问句分类器.针对当前问句分类中的特征组合问题,提出一种基于差异性和重要性的特征组合 (Diversity and Importance based Feature Combination,DIFC)方法.通过计算待组合特征与当前特征组合的错分差异度和正分差异度,以及待组合特征本身的重要度,从候选特征集中动态获取优化的特征组合.在哈工大中文问句集上对词袋绑定特征进行组合的实验结果表明,与其他特征组合方法相比,DIFC方法灵活高效,准确率更高.