45钢表面激光熔覆WC／Co金属陶瓷

研究了45钢表面WC／Co金属陶瓷激光熔覆层的组织、界面特征及其形成机制,分析了激光熔覆层中涂层元素和硬度的分布特征。结果表明,激光熔覆使WC／Co等离子喷涂层的片层状组织特征消除,形成了连续致密的熔覆层;由于涂层中不同部位的成分。温度分布及冷速不同使初生相呈树枝状、多边形块状、花瓣状、条状及颗粒状等几种形态;实现了涂层与基体间的冶金结合,结合带宽度约3-5μp;涂层硬度达1794HV0.1。     

等离子熔覆WC复合厚涂层特性研究

将Ni基合金和Ni包WC粉末混合均匀后事先涂覆在低碳钢基体上，通过非压缩弧等离子熔覆设备在低碳钢上制备Ni包WC复合厚涂层。涂层分为三种重量百分比Ni包WC粉末，分别为5％，10％，15％。应用X衍射（XRD）、光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电镜（SEM）、能谱仪（EDS）和显微硬度分析对涂层成分、微观结构和显微硬度进行分析。结果显示涂层和基体之间形成冶金结合，XRD显示主要的相是γ-Ni周溶体，以及Fe2B、Fe3B相和M23C6、M7C3相。发现等离子熔覆区的显微硬度随着Ni包WC粉末含量的增加而提高。     

金属-陶瓷复合涂层的组织与磨损性能研究

利用等离子喷涂方法制备出Ni60+Ni/WC金属陶瓷复合涂层,分析了复合涂层的微观组织,采用自行设计并制造的多用磨损试验机,研究了金属陶瓷复合涂层的磨损性能。研究发现加入适量的Ni/WC,可以提高涂层的耐磨性,复合涂层磨损失效形式为微观切削、犁沟塑性变形、微观断裂(剥落)磨损和疲劳磨损机理。     

激光熔覆制备金属陶瓷选择性吸收涂层的研究

针对金属陶瓷选择性吸收涂层的制备技术进行创新性探索,利用SYSWELD软件进行温度场的模拟分析,并首次将激光熔覆法和表面涂覆法相结合,在不锈钢基体上制备了Ni/Mo-TiC金属陶瓷单层涂层。结果表明,模拟计算的熔宽、熔深和实测值相吻合,熔覆过程的稀释率约为13.0%,说明涂层的冶金结合良好。此外,涂层在600℃退火1h后,其吸收率为80.7%(热处理前为79.8%),热发射率为6.0%(热处理前为5.5%),而且光学吸收性能无明显变化,物相组成较稳定,说明该涂层的高温稳定性好。     

等离子喷涂Ni包WC陶瓷涂层激光重熔研究

利用X射线衍射、金相显微镜及显微硬度计研究了等离子喷涂Ni包WC陶瓷涂层激光重熔后的组织结构和硬度变化特征。结果表明:利用激光重熔Ni包WC陶瓷涂层,能够有效提高涂层的致密度,减少孔隙率,XRD显示WC相在激光重熔后分解为W2C相,而显微硬度稍有提高。     

TiC添加量对等离子熔覆Ni60–WC复合涂层性能的影响

在45钢上通过等离子熔覆制备了WC?TiC?Ni涂层,对其物相、显微硬度和滑动摩擦磨损行为进行了分析.结果表明:熔覆层与基体材料之间为冶金结合,熔覆层表面无裂纹和气孔.TiWC2的形成使得熔覆层的显微硬度和耐磨性得到提高.当TiC的添加量为20％(质量分数)时,涂层的平均显微硬度高达1072.5 HV,较WC/Ni熔覆层高了128 HV,此时涂层的耐磨性最好.     

激光熔覆原位合成TiC-TiB2/Ni基金属陶瓷涂层的组织和摩擦磨损性能

采用激光熔覆技术,以NiCrBSiC预合金粉末为原料,在TC4合金表面制备出以原位合成的TiC和TiB2颗粒为增强相的Ni基金属陶瓷涂层。测试了涂层的显微硬度。利用销-盘式摩擦磨损试验机,以YG8B硬质合金为对磨偶件(盘),评价了涂层的干滑动摩擦磨损性能。结果表明:涂层的硬度Hv为900～1100,摩擦系数为0.2～0.3,质量磨损率比TC4合金降低约1个数量级。     

激光熔覆涂层的研究现状

综述了激光熔覆耐磨涂层和激光熔覆生物涂层的研究现状,归纳整理了激光熔覆涂层的分类及性能影响因素等相关内容,并为激光熔覆涂层的研究和发展指出了方向。     

含碳化钨的镍基和铁基合金激光熔覆层的组织结构与耐盐雾腐蚀性能

采用激光熔覆技术在4Cr5Mo SiV1(H13)钢表面制备了含WC的镍基和铁基合金防护层。借助扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪和盐雾腐蚀试验箱评价了熔覆层的微观形貌、元素成分、组织结构和耐蚀性。结果表明,H13粉末+20%WC复合熔覆层中WC与H13钢的合金元素发生了化学反应,形成新的碳化物分布于晶界,减少了含氯离子的腐蚀介质的渗透通道,阻止了腐蚀介质渗入熔覆层内,其耐盐雾腐蚀性能优于H13粉末熔覆层及Ni55粉末+20%WC复合熔覆层。     

等离子熔覆镍基涂层抗氧化性能的研究

采用预置式等离子熔覆方法在45钢表面制得Ni60以及Ni60+WC复合涂层,借助扫描电镜、能谱和X-射线衍射仪研究涂层的抗高温氧化性能。结果表明,在氧化膜形成的初期,氧化速率主要由氧的内扩散所控制,在氧化膜形成的后期则以Cr3+的扩散为主;涂层氧化膜的主要成分为SiO2和Cr2O3,其中Ni60+WC涂层表面的氧化膜中还有少量尖晶石结构相NiCr2O4。涂层的抗氧化性由涂层的成分和组织共同决定,WC颗粒的加入对涂层的抗氧化性有所提高。     

Microstructure and Wear Behavior of Plasma‐Sprayed Nanostructured WC–Co Coatings

Atmospheric plasma spraying of WC–Co particles with standard gas mixtures (Ar–H₂) typically results in largely decarburized coatings with relatively low wear resistance. To fabricate cermet coatings with enhanced tribological properties, nanostructured WC–Co coatings were plasma sprayed using two different process gas mixtures. Phase composition and microstructure were investigated by X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Microhardness increased by increasing the amount of retained WC grains in coating microstructure. Friction and wear properties, measured under dry sliding conditions, strongly depended on the degree of decarburization. They were comparable to those of conventional coatings produced using identical conditions.     

Tribological Characterization of WC–Co Plasma Sprayed Coatings

Atmospheric plasma spraying of WC coatings is typically characterized by increased decarburization, with a consequent reduction of their wear resistance. Indeed, high temperature and oxidizing atmosphere promote the appearance of brittle crystalline and amorphous phases. However, by using a high helium flow rate in a process gas mixture, plasma spraying may easily be optimized by increasing the velocity of sprayed particles and by reducing the degree of WC dissolution. To this purpose, a comparative study was performed at different spray conditions. Both WC–Co powder and coating phases were characterized by X-ray difraction. Their microstructure was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical, dry sliding friction, and wear tests were also performed. The wear resistance was highly related to both microstructural and mechanical properties. The experimental data confirmed that high-quality cermet coatings could be manufactured by using optimized Ar–He mixtures. Their enhanced hardness, toughness, and wear resistance resulted in coatings comparable to those sprayed by high velocity oxygen-fuel.     

Wet abrasive wear behavior of WC-based cermet coatings prepared by HVOF spraying

In this study, three kinds of WC-based cermet coatings including WC–CoCr coating, WC–Ni coating and WC–Cr₃C₂–Ni coating were prepared by the high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) spraying process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS) and Vickers hardness tester were used to analyze the microstructure and mechanical properties of these coatings. The WC–CoCr coating presented the highest average microhardness of 1205 HV_0.3, and then followed by the WC–Cr₃C₂–Ni coating (1188 HV_0.3) and the WC–Ni coating (1105 HV_0.3). The abrasive wear behavior of the WC-based coatings under the conditions of different applied loads and sediment concentrations were studied by a wet sand-rubber wheel tester. The results indicated that the abrasive wear loss rates of all the coatings increased with the increment of applied load or sediment concentration. In addition, the coatings with higher microhardness appeared to have higher abrasive wear resistance. The abrasive wear resistance of the WC-based coatings was 4–90 times higher than that of AISI 304 stainless steel under the same testing condition. The abrasive wear mechanism of the WC-based coatings was deduced to be the extrusion and removal of binder phases, as well as the fragmentation and peel-off of hard phases.     

Ni-纳米WC复合镀层结构与性能研究

通过恒流电沉积制备Ni镀层和Ni-纳米WC复合镀层,利用扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪,并通过浸泡腐蚀实验和高温氧化实验,研究纳米WC颗粒对Ni镀层的微观形貌、物相结构、耐蚀性能和抗高温氧化性能的影响。结果表明,纳米WC颗粒使Ni镀层表面平整性明显改善,组织结构趋于完整且致密,镀层的耐蚀性能和抗高温氧化性能得到了提高;与Ni镀层相比,Ni-纳米WC复合镀层表面平整、结构致密,同等条件下的腐蚀速率和氧化增量均较低,表现出良好的耐蚀性能和抗高温氧化性能。     

Effect of powder size on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti(C,N) based cermets

Abstract

Effect of the particle size of TiC and TiN on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti(C,N) based cermets has been evaluated. Ti(C,N)–WC–Co cermets made from four groups of mixed raw powders of different sizes were manufactured by vacuum sintering. The microstructure and composition were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDX). The result shows that the four samples have the typical microstructures of 'black core/grey rim'. The mechanical properties of the cermet manufactured from submicron TiC and nano TiN are the best among the four samples.     

Structure and properties of PVD TiAlN and TiAlN/CrAlN coated Ti(C,N)-based cermets

Ti(C, N)-based cermets were coated with TiAlN and TiAlN/CrAlN films by physical vapor deposition. The cross-sectional morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the adhesive strength was evaluated by the scratch test. Cutting tests on the coated cermets were conducted on the different cutting conditions. The cutting performance and wear mechanism were analyzed with SEM and EDS. It is found that TiAlN coating has a better adhesion to the cermet substrate. The coated cermet inserts show better wear resistance than the uncoated ones. By contrast, the TiAlN coating suffers a slight abrasive flank wear. However, the TiAlN/CrAlN coating show more severe adhesive flank wear because of the Cr interdiffusion between the inserts and the workpiece. In addition, TiAlN coating is weak in resisting against oxidation wear, while the TiAlN/CrAlN coating has an excellent resistance to oxidation.     

Pre-treatment for diamond coatings on free-shape WC–Co tools

A new multiple chemical pre-treatment including microwave oxidation, reaction in alkaline solution and cleaning by ultrasonic treatment in acid solution has been performed for free shape cemented WC–Co tools in order to increase the diamond nucleation and to enhance the coating adhesion. High quality diamond films were deposited on such pre-treated substrates by a hot filament chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method using a mixture of acetone and hydrogen gases. After pre-treatment, the surface of the WC–Co substrate becomes slightly rough, but its composition or structure shows no changes identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicates a distribution of uniform micro-roughness WC grains on substrate surface. The results show that the multiple chemical pre-treatment effectively increases the diamond nucleation as well as greatly enhancing the coating adhesion. Especially, it is suitable for free-shape substrates, which may open the way to the use of diamond coatings for coated tool applications.     

化学镀(Ni-P)-WC纳米微粒复合镀层的研究

采用化学镀的方法制备(Ni-P)-WC纳米微粒复合镀层,研究了镀液中WC纳米微粒的添加量对镀层中微粒含量的影响,通过扫描电镜观察了(Ni-P)-WC纳米微粒复合镀层的表面形貌。研究发现,纳米微粒镀层的硬度随着镀层中WC纳米微粒含量的增加而提高。通过测量(Ni-P)-WC纳米微粒复合镀层在NaCl溶液中的开路电位曲线和电化学阻抗谱,发现其耐蚀性能要优于合金镀层。     

锌-镍/纳米氧化铝复合电沉积及镀层结构性能研究

以冷轧钢板为基材,研究了Zn-Ni/纳米Al2O3复合镀层的电沉积工艺,分析了复合镀层的成分和晶体结构.通过中性盐雾试验,考察了复合镀层的耐蚀性.采用X射线衍射和扫描电镜,分别表征了复合镀层腐蚀产物的微观结构以及镀层的表面形貌.结果表明:Zn-Ni/纳米Al2O3复合镀层的结晶比Zn镀层及Zn-Ni合金镀层更细致,晶粒排布更均匀、整齐.当Zn-Ni/纳米Al2O3复合镀层中Ni和Al2O3的质量分数分别为13%左右和0.40%～0.60%时,其耐蚀性最好.Al2O3颗粒的掺入可降低镀层的孔隙率,使镀层平整、致密,从而提高了镀层的耐蚀性.     

热浸镀锌层高锰酸盐转化膜工艺

为了进一步提高热浸镀锌层的耐蚀性能,利用化学转化处理方法在热浸镀锌层表面制备了高锰酸盐转化膜.研究了工艺条件对转化膜耐中性盐雾腐蚀性能的影响,确定了最佳工艺为:KMnO<,4>质量浓度20 g/L,处理温度40℃,pH 2.5～3.0,处理时间60 min.采用扫描电镜、能谱、X射线光电子能谱、X射线衍射等技术对转化膜...