单、双进口旋风分离器颗粒相流场的数值模拟

采用CFD软件中的商业软件fluent6.1.22分别对直切单/双进口旋风分离器进行数值模拟。采用拉格朗日模型对固相颗粒的轨迹进行了模拟,表明颗粒进口位置对颗粒的轨迹有较大影响。对直切单/双进口旋风分离器的分级粒径分离效率作了对比,实验数据表明,直切双进口旋风分离器分离效率比直切单进口旋风分离器分离效率高5%￣15%。     

旋风分离器的气相流场的性能分析及数值模拟

采用CFD的专业软件FLUENT对旋风分离器的分离效率进行仿真计算。通过对旋风分离器内气相流场的模拟,观察其速度云图得出,在旋风分离器中心区域有一明显的气芯柱,且切向速度和轴向速度都具有较好的轴对称性;通过改变控制参数研究旋风分离器的分离效率,得出的结论是:当增大入口气体流量、提高颗粒相浓度将有利于提高旋风分离器的分离性能,粒径较大的颗粒分离效果较好。     

旋风分离器的安全性能分析及数值模拟

通过对旋风分离器内气相流场的模拟,观察其速度云图得出,在旋风分离器中心区域有一明显的气芯柱,且切向速度和轴向速度都具有较好的轴对称性。通过改变控制参数研究旋风分离器的分离效率,得出的结论是:当增大入口气体流量、提高颗粒相浓度将有利于提高旋风分离器的安全分离性能,粒径较大的颗粒分离效果较好。     

方形旋风分离器数值模拟研究

针对圆形旋风分离器空间利用率不高,安装后密封性能低等问题,提出一种柱锥式方形旋风分离器,并通过数值模拟对其流动特性、分离性能的影响机理进行研究。采用雷诺应力模型(RSM)和随机轨道模型(DPM),重点分析了该结构方形旋风分离器不同流量下流场压力分布和速度分布,及颗粒入射位置对颗粒运动轨迹的影响。结果表明:该结构旋风分离器流场特征与圆形旋风分离器近似,存在对分离性能有较大影响的二次流。在分离效果损失不大的情况下,在空间利用和安装排布上有明显优势。     

工作条件对轴流旋风分离器分离效率影响的数值研究

燃气轮机对进气质量的要求很高,低质量的空气进入燃气轮机不仅不能保证其正常的工作条件,还极易给燃气轮机带来不可恢复的损害,因此研制高效的燃气轮机进气滤清器成为一项十分重要的任务。为了研究轴流式旋风分离器在不同工作条件下的分离性能,通过数值模拟的方法,对多管式轴流旋风分离器的其中一个分离管进行研究,分析进气角度和集尘管进口扫气压力对不同直径颗粒的分离性能的影响,并探索灰尘颗粒在分离器中运动过程的物理机理。研究结果表明,适当的预旋角度会提高小直径颗粒的分离效率,而较大直径颗粒的分离效率反而有所降低;降低集尘管进口扫气压力会提高小直径颗粒的分离效率,对大直径颗粒的分离效果几乎没有影响。计算结果可为轴流旋风分离器的设计和工程应用提供理论指导。     

进口条件对旋风分离器性能影响研究

文中利用计算流体力学、连续相选用雷诺应力模型、离散相选用分散颗粒群轨迹模型,对不同进口速度（8 m/s、16 m/s、24 m/s和32 m/s）和进口角度（0°、2.5°、5°和10°）下旋风分离器内不同粒径（0～10μm）颗粒的气固两相流动特性和分离效率进行数值计算分析。研究发现,同一进口风速下,当粒径小于临界粒径时,分离效率相对较低且粒径大小对分离效率影响较小;当粒径大于临界粒径时,分离效率迅速增高至100%。对于小颗粒粒径,随着进口速度的增大,旋风分离器分离性能先增强后减弱。适当增加进口角度不仅能够提升小粒径颗粒的分离效率,还能减小旋风分离器的分离粒径。进口角度和进口速度对旋风分离器的分离性能影响较大。     

电动汽车空调涡旋压缩机油气分离性能的研究

为探寻电动汽车空调涡旋压缩机中油气分离规律,利用FLUENT软件对不同进口方式和不同进口速度下的油气分离器进行了数值模拟,先用RNGκ-ε模型计算连续相的压缩气体,得到分离器内旋转流场的流线、压力及速度分布规律,再用DPM模型加入离散相的液态油滴进行计算,得到了油气分离效率。对比分析两相流场的模拟结果,得到入口方向和进口速度对分离效率的影响规律,为油气分离器的优化设计提供了理论依据。     

基于CFD-PBM积分矩量法旋风分离器中颗粒聚团的数值模拟

为了得到颗粒聚团对旋风分离器分离性能的影响,在不同入口颗粒浓度与入口气速下研究其对分离效率的影响。采用雷诺应力模型(RSM)计算湍流流场,通过群体平衡模型(PBM)耦合CFD对颗粒相进行数值计算。研究结果表明:时间为2 s时,旋风分离器内的聚团作用已经趋于稳定,颗粒粒径在1.5μm到3μm范围的颗粒在旋风分离器内基本无法被捕集,而粒径大于5μm的颗粒其分离效率接近于100%;随着入口颗粒浓度的增加,总体分离效率增加,而增加入口气体速度,对分离效率的影响并不是很大。     

旋风分离器在不同工况下分离效率的仿真分析

针对旋风分离器的适用性问题,研究了不同工况条件下各工作参数对分离效率的影响.选择了环境参数为固体颗粒粒径和密度,分离器工作参数为进口速度,基于FLUENT运用RNG k-ε模型模拟旋风分离器内气相紊流,采用了离散相模型（DPM）模拟固相流场颗粒轨迹.由于粒径、密度和进口速度分别变化具有多种组合,为此引入了正交试验法以图减少仿真的次数.讨论了在不同颗粒粒径和颗粒物密度条件下旋风分离器的进气口速度与分离效率之间的关系.研究结果表明,在不同工作环境下旋风分离器工作参数对分离效率有着重要的影响.     

一种内置旋流叶片的新型旋风分离器

提出一种新型旋风分离器,与传统旋风分离器相比,在分离器内外涡旋交界面处设置一组沿气流旋转方向由内向外的旋流叶片,以阻挡含尘气流中的颗粒进入内涡旋区。基于CFD,采用雷诺应力模型与离散相的随机轨道模型,对分离器进行气固两相流动数值模拟,比较分析添加旋流叶片前后的分离器性能。对常规及添加旋流叶片的旋风分离器的压降、分离效率与入口气流速度的关系进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,与传统分离器相比,添加旋流叶片的旋风分离器在入口流速较小时,总效率提升明显;在入口流速较大时,添加旋流叶片后的分离器压降略有增大,分割粒径减小显著。添加旋流叶片使分离器的分离效率得到提升,对小粒径颗粒的分离效率提升作用尤为明显。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.     

Fractional order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking

This paper investigates a fractional terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking in the presence of inertia uncertainties and extern...     

奥氏体不锈钢表面双辉等离子渗锆的动力学

利用双辉等离子渗金属技术在0Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢表面制备了一层均匀、致密、呈良好冶金结合的渗锆合金层,并对1 060℃下的渗锆动力学进行了研究。结果表明:随着距锆合金层表面距离的增加,锆元素的含量呈梯度递减,扩散系数逐渐减小,而扩散激活能逐步增大;在1 060℃采用双辉等离子技术渗锆时,渗锆合金层表层的空位密度为2.945×(1012~1013)cm-2,与相同温度下采用常规渗金属工艺相比,提高了1~2个数量级。     

气化炉三维扫描测量与数据处理

以德士古气化炉耐火砖的内壁蚀损检测设备为基础,对采集到的点云数据做了进一步处理.通过对数据的筛选和剔除,实现了数据点的平滑降噪细化和精简.然后利用点云对整、网格划分和分色显示等方法,最终完成了内壁腐蚀情况的三维建模.重点讨论了点云数据的预处理及后处理的方法,并根据内壁耐火砖的腐蚀阈值,提出了一种气化炉内壁腐蚀区域的识别与分割方法.对耐火砖的腐蚀分析、气化炉的生产与维修提供了可靠依据,并在工程应用中获得了一致认可.