共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 11 毫秒
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李政 《消防技术与产品信息》2010,(4):13-14
结合消防监督管理工作实际,分析了高层商店建筑安全出口宽度与疏散距离的关系,对高层商住楼底部商业营业厅不同疏散楼梯间形式的设置标准和高层建筑地下商店安全疏散设计的注意事项进行了探讨。 相似文献
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随着我国经济水平的提升和社会的发展,高层建筑已经成为城市的重要构成,建筑物的高度不断提升,功能越发多样,这在一定程度上增加了建筑物的复杂程度.如果高层建筑出现火灾,很容易影响到人们的生命安全,造成不必要的财产损失,也增加了灭火救援的难度.为此,必须要采取措施提升灭火救援能力.文章简要分析了高层建筑火灾的特征,并提出了高层建筑疏散逃生与灭火救援对策,希望能够为高层建筑消防安全工作的开展提供支持. 相似文献
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结合板式高层住宅的定义和分类,就板式高层住宅如何设计疏散楼梯提出了见解,分别阐述了独立单元式和连续单元式两种板式高层住宅疏散楼梯的设计要点,以期使疏散楼梯的设计最大限度地满足技术规范要求。 相似文献
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The use of advanced computer models for the analysis of evacuation problems in buildings under fire conditions or terrorist attacks has become an increasingly important research area. Until recently, most safety considerations regarding the evacuation of a building are taken on the basis of some deterministic rules prescribed in fire codes. However, these rules and design principles may not be sufficient to explain the complex interaction between a vast numbers of variables affecting the evacuation process. Also, the characteristics of a fire can differ from building to building and occupants can demonstrate distinctly different behavioural patterns and physiological characteristics. As a result, potential weaknesses, particular to the investigated building, can go unnoticed which, in turn, may result in disastrous consequences during an emergency. The study concentrates on two issues: firstly, what methodology should be pursued to accurately model an evacuation problem and the derivation and extent of parameters needed to fully utilise the potentials of the advanced computer models, in this case, the buildingEXODUS; the second issue is an investigation of the evacuation behaviour in a high-rise office building in Istanbul. It is found that exit knowledge and the preferences of occupants can severely slow down the evacuation process. Fires closer to the ground floor increase the death toll significantly. Failure in the activation of the sprinkler system or the absence of the system altogether can have disastrous effects on the loss of life. 相似文献
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田玉敏 《消防技术与产品信息》2009,(9):45-49
在高层建筑火灾中,对特殊人群(行动不便或残疾人)来说,他们不能使用正常人的紧急疏散通道或不能达到正常人的疏散速度,这样的问题越来越引起了人们的关注。一般有两种方法来解决:一种是利用电梯来逃生的方法;还有一种方法是让他们在避难区等待救援。详细地论述了这两个方法的原理以及相互关系,并对电梯运行的典型模型进行了研究,另外还对电梯的防水、防烟、活塞效应以及避难区设计等方面的问题进行了讨论,目的在于为高层建筑的安全疏散设计提供理论和方法上的指导。 相似文献
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针对高层建筑消防安全疏散设计问题,首先介绍高层建筑火灾特点,然后分析高层建筑消防安全疏散设计过程中存在的问题,比如防范措施、消防设计、消防安全责任等,并针对性地提出具体的解决措施,从而确保人员能够安全疏散。 相似文献
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Ezel Kendik 《Fire Safety Journal》1983,5(3-4):223-232
This paper provides predictions of the time required for the total evacuation of high-rise office buildings via staircases. It refers to evacuation drills carried out in three high-rise administration buildings in October, 1976, by the Research Institute for Fire Protection at Karlsruhe (Forschungsstelle für Branschutz-technik an der Universität Karlsruhe). Total evacuation times pertinent to the projected area factor, which correspond to a certain flow density on the means of escape, are determined based on a mathematical method developed by Predtetschenski and Milinski. Equations and graphs are derived for the evacuation time in terms of the projected area factor and the number of persons per floor, as well as for the corresponding change of crowd movement on stairs. The values for the predicted evacuation times are compared with the values measured during the evacuation tests, and the limits of the projected area factor are estimated for buildings of similar geometric configurations. 相似文献
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随着建筑行业的有序发展,建筑类型逐渐多元化,高层建筑的数量也越来越多,与此同时,高层建筑的消防隐患和矛盾也日益突出,这也要求相关单位能够在总结经验和建立应急预案的基础之上,推出更为有效的防火和监督方法.文章主要研究高层建筑的消防隐患,总结高层建筑火灾发生的特点,提出了防火监督的方法. 相似文献
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根据高层建筑消防安全疏散设计的原则,从延长危险来临时间、缩短疏散开始与逃生时间、建筑火灾疏散诱导系统设计等方面论述了高层建筑消防安全疏散设计的优化方案,以科学合理地设计高层建筑消防安全疏散设施。 相似文献
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针对高层建筑消防设施现状进行了分析,阐述了设计、施工、材料三方面导致的高层建筑消防设施隐患,探讨了相应的解决对策,提出应从消防安全责任制度、落实、监管等环节入手强化管理,不断提升高层建筑消防水平。 相似文献
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Calculating evacuation times for tall buildings 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jake Pauls 《Fire Safety Journal》1987,12(3):213-236
This paper includes a summary of the history of investigations into calculating evacuation times. Included are the basic concepts along with selected calculation methods. Limitations of such efforts are reviewed to illustrate the limited applicability of some of the methods for actual conditions. 相似文献
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城镇化进程不断推进之下,高层建筑的数量越来越多,这也意味着人们所面对的高层建筑消防安全问题也随之增加.文章在简要分析了高层建筑火灾危险性的基础上,通过分析当前高层建筑消防安全存在的问题重点阐述了几点关于高层建筑防火监督的策略. 相似文献
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结合高层建筑施工工地火灾案例,分析了高层建筑施工工地普遍存在的火灾危险性,并结合工作实际浅谈了预防和减少高层建筑施工工地火灾事故,做好高层建筑施工工地消防安全管理工作的办法和措施,从而保证高层建筑施工现场的消防安全。 相似文献