GPS接收机LFM干扰抑制仿真

根据全球定位系统(GPS)接收机接收信号、噪声和线性调频(LFM)干扰在时频平面上的不同分布特点,采用Wigner-Hough变换进行干扰的检测和参数估计,并构造出干扰子空间,然后利用子空间投影方法进行干扰抑制。给出了干扰参数估计和子空间投影抗干扰的具体步骤,推导出系统输出信号与干扰噪声比(SINR)的解析表达式,并仿真分析该方法抑制LFM干扰的性能。试验证明该方法能有效抑制LFM干扰,且结构简单,具有较高的可行性和实用性。     

1-Wire温度传感器在火灾报警系统中应用

1-Wire总线技术具有节省I/O资源、结构简单、成本低廉,便于总线扩展和方便维护等特点。文章中介绍了1-Wire总线技术数字温度传感器的基本特性与功能块图,数字温度传感器ROM命令和功能命令。阐述了1-Wire总线技术数字温度传感器供电方式。利用1-Wire总线技术使用多个数字温度传感器,实时时钟电路,键盘显示电路,串行存储器电路,RS485通信电路以及看门狗电路等,组成了火灾报警系统硬件系统。绘制了温度采集与处理流程图。采用多个传感器测量不同房间内的温度,可以设置不同房间的报警上限值,可以实现多个房间对应温度的显示和报警。1-Wire总线技术数字温度传感器已经成功地应用于火灾报警系统中。     

基于FPGA的传感数据加速处理*

随着传感器网络技术的快速发展,实时处理海量的高速的传感数据为现有数据处理技术提出许多挑战。利用非对称性多核系统加速特殊操作是当前计算机体系结构发展的一种趋势,是解决物联网应用实时响应的有效途径。本文提出一种基于FPGA加速处理传感数据中位数计算的方法,包括计算模型、符合FPGA设计限制的实现过程,把FPGA连接到系统的其他部分的适当的融合策略,实验表明与通用CPU相比,本文提出的基于FPGAs的加速数据处理策略在功耗和并行传感数据流评价方面具有明显的优势,可以广泛地应用于物联网中前端轻量级数据预处理节点的设计与实现。     

Efficient multimedia coprocessor with enhanced SIMD engines for exploiting ILP and DLP

Multimedia applications have become increasingly important in daily computing. These applications are composed of heterogeneous regions of code mixed with data-level parallelism (DLP) and instruction-level parallelism (ILP). A standard solution for a multimedia coprocessor resembles of single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) engines into architectures exploiting ILP at compile time, such as very long instruction word (VLIW) and transport triggered architecture (TTA). However, the ILP regions fail to scale with the increased vector length to achieve high performance in the DLP regions. Furthermore, the register-to-register nature of SIMD instructions causes current SIMD engines to have limitations in handling memory alignment, data reorganization, and control flow. Many supporting instructions such as data permutations, address generations, and loop branches, are required to aid in the execution of the real SIMD computation instructions. To mitigate these problems, we propose optimized SIMD engines that have the capabilities for combining VLIW or TTA processing with a unified scalar and long vector computations as well as efficient SIMD hardware for real computation. Our new architecture is based on TTA and is called multimedia coprocessor (MCP). This architecture includes following features: (1) a simple coprocessor structure with 8-way TTA, (2) cost-effective SIMD hardware capable of performing floating-point operations, (3) long vector capabilities built upon existing SIMD hardware and a single register file and processor data path for both scalar operands and vector elements, and (4) an optimized SIMD architecture that addresses the SIMD limitations. Our experimental evaluations show that MCP can outperform conventional SIMD techniques by an average of 39% and 12% in performance for multimedia kernels and applications, respectively.     

模M多维差分变换和数据压缩

本文提出了模M多维差分变换的图象表示和压缩方法.变换是在对N维图象数组的2~N元分割所产生的2~N元树上进行,其效果是利用了图象的N维数据相关性,使得图象灰度值分布得到了显著的改善,它既适合于二值图象,也适合于多值图象,对于线图、文本以及具有块状或体状的图象或数组尤为有效,变换算法的复杂度非常简单,并且是递归可执行的。     

Using AHP to determine intangible priority factors for technology transfer adoption

Technology has characteristics of inducing changes under competitive environment due to its dynamic property of being modified and accelerated over time. In order to improve profitability, the evaluation of technology transfer adoption (TTA) is very important for determining the weights of TTA factors, the influence of the organizational factors (i.e., the measures of TTA dimension) such as chief executive officer (CEO)’ mind and capacity, commercialization, and technology licensing office (TLO)’s competence on the profitability of emerging technologies (ET), and the size of these organizational factors in suppler and buyer.This research investigates the important intangible priority factors for the transfer of technology through analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method and correlation analysis. The study is based on three phases: (1) Phase 1: selection of TTA factors and the measures of ET, TTA, and bargaining power (BP) dimension; (2) Phase 2: correlation analysis between the measures of ET and TTA dimension (evaluation of TTA dimension based on the measures of ET); (3) Phase 3: evaluation of TTA dimension based on the measures of BP dimension. The quantitative weights of criteria, TTA factors and sub-factors are provided and they indicate the order of priority and the degree of importance for TTA. The results are interpreted in terms of the ET and BP dimensions of measures that need to be considered in order to provide assistance at the time of decision-making on adoption of technology transfer by companies.     

An automated method for the preparation of orthogonal arrays for use in Taguchi designed experiments

In the last several years, the use of designed experiments in manufacturing and engineering design environments has become increasingly popular through the introduction of the ideas of Dr. G. Taguchi. The Taguchi Method, a systematic technique for experimental design and analysis, employs team oriented solutions to analyze design and production problems and their causes. The Taguchi Method as provided a simplified approach to the design of statistically significant experiments. This has greatly increased the number of experimental design practitioners.

This paper presents a computer program that addresses the need for an automated system able to design the experimental matrices for the orthogonal arrays that are required by Taguchi's Method. The program was written tode sign simple arrays as well as complex multi-level arrays with two-way interactions.     

Designing linear systolic arrays

We develop a simple mapping technique to design linear systolic arrays. The basic idea of our technique is to map the computations of a certain class of two-dimensional systolic arrays onto one-dimensional arrays. Using this technique, systolic algorithms are derived for problems such as matrix multiplication and transitive closure on linearly connected arrays of PEs with constant I/O bandwidth. Compared to known designs in the literature, our technique leads to modular systolic arrays with constant hardware in each PE, few control lines, lexicographic data input/output, and improved delay time. The unidirectional flow of control and data in our design assures implementation of the linear array in the known fault models of Wafer Scale Integration.     

Replication of microlens arrays by injection molding

Injection molding could be used as a mass production technology for microlens arrays. It is of importance, and thus of our concern in the present study, to understand the injection molding processing condition effects on the replicability of microlens array profile. Extensive experiments were performed by varying processing conditions such as flow rate, packing pressure and packing time for three different polymeric materials (PS, PMMA and PC). The nickel mold insert of microlens arrays was made by electroplating a microstructure master fabricated by a modified LIGA process. Effects of processing conditions on the replicability were investigated with the help of the surface profile measurements. Experimental results showed that a packing pressure and a flow rate significantly affects a final surface profile of the injection molded product. Atomic force microscope measurement indicated that the averaged surface roughness value of injection molded microlens arrays is smaller than that of mold insert and is comparable with that of fine optical components in practical use.This paper was presented at the Fifth International Workshop on High Aspect Ratio Microstructure Technology HARMST 2003 in June 2003.The authors would like to thank Korean Ministry of Science and Technology for the financial supports via the National Research Laboratory Program (2000-N-NL-01-C-148) and RAYGEN Co., Ltd. for the technical help in using the 3D profile measuring system.     

非均匀分布颗粒群中的曳力分布

本文采用格子Boltzmann方法(LBM)在图形处理器(GPU)上计算了由静止圆柱阵列组成的团聚物周期单元内的不可压缩流体流动,流固交界面处采用直接反弹以实现无滑移边界,每个圆柱上的曳力通过统计动量交换直接求得。根据LBM求得的流体速度,对于团聚物中的单圆柱按能量最小多尺度(EMMS)模型计算平均曳力系数,并考察了将聚团近似为均匀悬浮的临界条件。对颗粒雷诺数Re_p在0～10之间的80种固相份额的模拟结果表明,密相空隙率可以表征这种临界条件。当固相份额恒定时,该临界空隙率随着Re_p的增加而降低;当Re_p恒定时,该临界空隙率随着固相份额的增加而降低。     

面向对象程序设计在工业控制中的应用

提出了一种全新的研究方案,以一个饲料生产工艺系统为例,着力阐述了面向对象程序设计的思想,建立了饲料生产工艺流程控制的面向对象的模型。研究了面向对象的封装性、继承性和多态性及可视化软件的分层技术。结果表明,利用面向时象的方法分析和设计的饲料生产工艺流程控制系统其运行正常、稳定,仓下料从未出现超差,控制精度达到+0.2kg。     

一种真随机数发生器的后处理方法

从理论上分析了几种随机数发生器后处理方法,提出了一种新的针对真随机数发生器的后处理方法,经过后 处理的随机序列满足均匀性、独立性以及提高每比特墒的要求。对实际带有偏差的数字化噪声序列使用这种方法进 行处理后得到的内部随机序列进行随机性检测。检测结果表明,这是一种简单有效的后处理方法,它满足实现面积 小、功耗低的要求,可以用于智能卡芯片中。     

High aspect ratio submicrometer two-dimensional structures fabricated by one-photon absorption direct laser writing

We have demonstrated a simple technique, based on a combination of a low cost one-photon elaboration method in a very low absorption regime (LOPA) and a tightly focusing optical system, to fabricate submicrometer 2D and 3D structures. A simple continuous-wave laser at 532 nm with only a few milliwatts allowed to fabricate high-aspect-ratio 2D pillars arrays in a commercial SU8 photoresist. The diameter of pillars is about 300 nm and the aspect ratio is as high as 7. This direct laser writing technique based on the LOPA approach is potentially a breakthrough: it is very simple, compact and low cost, while it allows to achieve the same results as those obtained by the two-photon absorption technique.     

TTA结构数字信号协处理器数据Cache的设计与实现

论文分析了面向多媒体应用的TTA(TransportTriggeredArchitecture)微处理器的特点和访存要求,提出并设计实现了应用于此款微处理器、采用直接映象规则、写回和按写分配策略的4KB数据Cache,并在全系统环境下对其进行了模拟验证。实验结果说明数据Cache系统在降低命中时间和提高命中率两方面做到了良好的折中,命中时间与芯片流水线处理周期匹配,有效保证了全系统性能的发挥。     

角位移传感器数据处理算法实现

介绍了角位移传感器数据处理中融合算法和软件滤波算法的原理,根据系统构成提出了在单片机中完成该算法的设计思路,给出了利用汇编语言实现两种算法的程序流程;针对控制系统时间要求,对滤波算法进行了优化设计;通过仿真和测试得出,数据处理程序运行时间满足控制系统指标要求,特别是在旋转变压器按固定方位旋转的实际测量中,记录多组测角数据并进行误差分析,其均方根误差曲线与系统指标拟合良好,且完全收敛于指标范围;这更说明了该数据处理方法设计合理,简单易行,可推广应用于其它测量系统。     

实时流处理系统Storm的调度优化综述

随着大数据技术的发展,流式处理系统渐渐成为了研究的热点。相对于Hadoop等传统的批处理系统,流式处理系统具有更好的实时性特点。在已有的流式处理系统中,Storm系统具有良好的稳定性、高可扩展性以及高容错性等特点,使它在流式数据处理系统中脱颖而出。但是在任务调度方面,Storm系统并没有做过多的考虑,默认采用相对简单的轮询调度法,导致系统在性能上存在瓶颈。近年来针对Storm系统的调度问题,研究提出了各种优化方案。本文从实时流处理系统Storm的调度优化出发,将这些优化方法分为四类,并详细阐述各类中具有一定代表性的方法,分析其优缺点以及适用的场景。最后,讨论了在日益发展的新环境下,Storm系统的调度优化相关研究未来可能存在的方向。     

Optimizing the binary discriminant function in change detection applications

Binary discriminant functions are often used to identify changed area through time in remote sensing change detection studies. Traditionally, a single change-enhanced image has been used to optimize the binary discriminant function with a few (e.g., 5-10) discrete thresholds using a trial-and-error method. Im et al. [Im, J., Rhee, J., Jensen, J. R., & Hodgson, M. E. (2007). An automated binary change detection model using a calibration approach. Remote Sensing of Environment, 106, 89-105] developed an automated calibration model for optimizing the binary discriminant function by autonomously testing thousands of thresholds. However, the automated model may be time-consuming especially when multiple change-enhanced images are used as inputs together since the model is based on an exhaustive search technique. This paper describes the development of a computationally efficient search technique for identifying optimum threshold(s) in a remote sensing spectral search space. The new algorithm is based on “systematic searching.” Two additional heuristic optimization algorithms (i.e., hill climbing, simulated annealing) were examined for comparison. A case study using QuickBird and IKONOS satellite imagery was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The proposed systematic search technique reduced the processing time required to identify the optimum binary discriminate function without decreasing accuracy. The other two optimizing search algorithms also reduced the processing time but failed to detect a global maxima for some spectral features.     

Feature fusion for basic behavior unit segmentation from video sequences

It has become increasingly popular to study animal behaviors with the assistance of video recordings. An automated video processing and behavior analysis system is desired to replace the traditional manual annotation. We propose a framework for automatic video based behavior analysis systems, which consists of four major modules: behavior modeling, feature extraction from video sequences, basic behavior unit (BBU) discovery and complex behavior recognition. BBU discovery is performed based on features extracted from video sequences, hence the fusion of multiple dimensional features is very important. In this paper, we explore the application of feature fusion techniques to BBU discovery with one and multiple cameras. We applied the vector fusion (SBP) method, a multi-variate vector visualization technique, in fusing the features obtained from a single camera. This technique reduces the multiple dimensional data into two dimensional (SBP) space, and the spatial and temporal analysis in SBP space can help discover the underlying data groups. Then we present a simple feature fusion technique for BBU discovery from multiple cameras with the affinity graph method. Finally, we present encouraging results on a physical system and a synthetic mouse-in-a-cage scenario from one, two, and three cameras. The feature fusion methods in this paper are simple yet effective.     

A roller embossing process for rapid fabrication of microlens arrays on glass substrates

This paper reports an innovative technique for rapid fabrication of polymeric microlens arrays based on UV roller embossing process. In this method, a thin flat mold is fabricated by electroforming of nickel against a microlens master. The thin Ni mold with microlens cavities is then wrapped onto cylinder to form the roller. During rolling operation, the roller pressing and dragging the UV-curable photopolymer layer on the glass substrate through the rolling zone, the microlens array is formed. At the same time, the microlens array is cured by the UV light radiation while traveling through the rolling zone. The technique can be developed to an effective roll-to-roll process at room temperature and with low pressure. In this study, a roller embossing facility with UV exposure capacity has been designed, constructed and tested. Under the proper processing conditions, the 100×100 arrays of polymeric microlens, with a diameter of 100 μm, a pitch of 200 μm and a sag height of 21 μm can be successfully fabricated.     

Artificial intelligence solution to transmission loss allocation problem

The problem of transmission loss allocation of deregulated power system has been solved through the application of artificial neural network (ANN). Two network structures namely Levenberg–Marquardt back propagation (LMBP) and Bayesian regularization back propagation (BRBP) have been trained and their performance compared. It has been found that LMBP network gives faster solution for same accuracy level. As the working range of power flow transaction is quite vast, a huge volume of data need to be stored and processed for the training of neural network. The time needed for training of neural network against such huge data is prohibitive for real time application of the ANN based solution tool where raw data are used for training. A simple filtering technique has been found to be very effective to improve the solution time and training data volume requirement and make the proposed technique suitable for real time applications. With the use of filtered data for training both the training network have shown comparable performance.