Microstructure and properties of alumina-silicon carbide nanocomposites fabricated by pressureless sintering and post hot-isostatic pressing

Al₂O₃/5%SiC nanocomposites were fabricated by pressureless sintering using MgO as a sintering aid and then post hot-isostatic pressed (HIP), which can subsequently break through the disadvantage of hot-pressing process. The MgO additive was able to promote the densification of the composites, but could not induce the grain growth of Al₂O₃ matrix due to the grain growth inhibition by nano-sized SiC particles. After HIP treatment, Al₂O₃/SiC nanocomposites achieved full densification and homogeneous distribution of nano-sized SiC particles. Moreover, the fracture morphology of HIP treated specimens was identical with that of the hot-pressed Al₂O₃/SiC nanocomposites showing complete transgranular fracture. Consequently, high fracture strength of 1 GPa was achieved for the Al₂O₃/5%SiC nanocomposites by pressureless sintering and post HIP process.     

用高岭土合成Sialon粉末的无压烧结

概述了Ｓｉａｌｏｎ陶瓷材料制备方面的研究。以高岭土为主要原料,采用碳热还原氮化法合成的Ｓｉａｌｏｎ粉末为主要原料,分别添加Ｙ２Ｏ３Ａｌ２Ｏ３系与Ａｌ２Ｏ３ＭｇＯ系两种烧结助剂后进行充分混合,混合物粉末在钢模中冷压成两种压坯试样ａ和ｂ,然后在Ｎ２气氛中进行无压烧结。对烧成温度与烧结体体积密度的关系,烧结助剂的作用以及Ｓｉａｌｏｎ粉末无压烧结致密化过程进行了重点讨论。实验结果表明,分别添加１０％Ｙ２Ｏ３５％Ａｌ２Ｏ３和１０％Ａｌ２Ｏ３５％ＭｇＯ（均为质量分数,％）两种烧结助剂的试样ａ和ｂ分别在１６２０℃和１５９０℃烧成温度下,获得了致密的Ｓｉａｌｏｎ陶瓷材料。并且建立了Ｓｉａｌｏｎ粉末无压烧结致密化模型,即ｌｇ（ΔＶ／Ｖ０）∝ｌｇｔ,其致密化过程分为颗粒重排与溶解析出两个阶段,且扩散为全过程的控制性步骤。     

Effect of Al2O3 Coating on Densification and Aging Sensibility of 3Y-TZP Ceramics

采用非均相沉淀法在3 mol%氧化钇稳定的氧化锆粉体表面包覆0.5%~1.5% (质量分数) 的Al2O3,研究了包覆Al2O3对3Y-TZP陶瓷的致密化及时效敏感性的影响。实验采用热膨胀仪测定氧化锆生坯的致密化过程,生坯经1450 ℃烧结致密化后,测试烧结体的密度、平均晶粒直径和机械性能。采用XRD、SEM表征材料的显微组织。结果表明：相比于传统的共沉淀法,通过表面包覆的方式向氧化锆中加入少量的Al2O3更能促进3Y-TZP陶瓷的烧结致密化。表面包覆少量Al2O3的3Y-TZP可在1350~1400 ℃烧结致密化。此外,表面包覆Al2O3能显著降低3Y-TZP陶瓷的时效敏感性,这与大量Al3+ 在3Y-TZP陶瓷晶界的偏聚有关     

Preparation and mechanical properties of Fe_3Al/Al_2O_3 nano-/micro-composite

1　INTRODUCTIONAlumina(Al2 O3)ceramicsareoftenconsideredforstructuralapplications,duetotheirpropertiesofhighhardness ,chemicalandwearresistanceandgoodmechanicalpropertiesatroomandhightemperature .Thewellknownlimitationfortheseceramics ,how ever ,istheverylowtoughness .Recentstudieshaveshownsignificantimprovementsinmechanicalprop erties ,includingtoughness ,byaddingductilesecondphaseparticles ,suchasNi,Al,MoandCu[14 ] .Anincreaseof 80 % 333%inthefracturetoughnesshasbeenreportedforAl2 O3…     

Processing and microstructure of high-pressure consolidated ceramic nanocomposites

Al₂O₃/TiO₂ nanocomposites were prepared by high-pressure sintering (HPS). The addition of nano-MgO powder improved the densification and retarded grain growth. The pressure decreased the energy barriers for nucleation, and caused the decomposition of Al₂TiO₅ and the phase transformation of Al₂O₃ to take place at lower temperatures.     

Fabrication of full density near-nanostructured cemented carbides by combination of VC/Cr3C2 addition and consolidation by SPS and HIP technologies

The aim of present work is to study the effect of VC and/or Cr₃C₂ in densification, microstructural development and mechanical behavior of nanocrystalline WC-12wt.%Co powders when they are sintered by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The results were compared to those corresponding to conventional sintering in vacuum. The density, microstructure, X-ray diffraction, hardness and fracture toughness of the sintered materials were evaluated. Materials prepared by SPS exhibits full densification at lower temperature (1100 °C) and a shorter stay time (5 min), allowing the grain growth control. However, the effect of the inhibitors during SPS process is considerably lower than in conventional sintering. Materials prepared by HIP at 1100 °C and 30 min present full densification and a better control of microstructure in the presence of VC. The added amount of VC allows obtaining homogeneous microstructures with an average grain size of 120 nm. The hardness and fracture toughness values obtained were about 2100 HV₃₀ and close to 10 MPa m^1/2, respectively.     

烧结助剂对高气孔率SiC陶瓷结构和性能的影响

由叔丁醇、丙烯酰胺和SiC粉及烧结助剂组成固相含量为10%(体积分数)的陶瓷浆料,采用凝胶注模成型和无压烧结工艺制备多孔SiC陶瓷,研究Al2O3和Al2O3+SiO2这两种烧结助剂体系对多孔SiC陶瓷的气孔率、显微结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明:Al2O3+SiO2复合烧结助剂明显改善SiC陶瓷的烧结性能,与采用单一的Al2O3烧结助剂相比,SiC样品的烧结温度和莫来石的生成温度均降低50℃左右;两种不同的烧结助剂制成的试样中的气孔均呈很窄的单峰分布,中位孔径为2μm左右;随烧结温度的升高压缩强度增大,而气孔率变化不大;以Al2O3+SiO2为烧结助剂、在1 400℃烧结的试样的气孔率和强度分别达到70.57%和17.74 MPa。     

Formation mechanism of intragranular structure in nano-composites

The effect of sintering process and ZrO2 contents on formation of intragranular ZrO2 in Al2O3 matrix was investigated with α-Al2O3 micro-powders and ZrO2 nano-powders as original materials. It is found that the secondphase particles coalesce with the growth of matrix grains during sintering. The process conditions that benefit the growth of matrix grains benefit the formation of intragrains. The formation procedure of intragrains could be described as follows. At first, the particles are driven to agglomerate during densification of the matrix. Some particles move along with the migration of the matrix grain boundaries and tend to further gather， then become intergrains. Those gripped between the matrix grain boundaries become intragrains during the growth of matrix grains.     

Cu—Al粉末烧结合金的内氧化行为

用高纯氮气体做介质对Cu-0.75%Al粉末烧结合金进行内氧化处理,用X－ray衍射,SEM和TEM等分析技术对其进行研究,结果表明：内氧化物由多相组成,晶内弥散分布的α-Al2O3质点呈球状析出长大,CuAl2O4等尖晶石结构的氧化物存在于晶界;内氧化层中[Al],[O]原子浓度呈规律分布;Al内氧化形成的氧化物,产生的体积膨胀可增加粉末烧结合金的致密化程度。     

Effect of rod-like grain on properties and toughening mechanism of 3Y-TZP/Al2O3 ceramics

In-situ rod-like A1203 grain was prepared by adding CAS multiphase additives under the sintering condition of 30 MPa, 1 550℃ and 1 h. The sintering behaviors, microstructure, toughening mechanism and access of Al2O3 ceramics were investigated by SEM, EDS and WDW omnipotent electronic mechanical testing machine, etc, and the crack propagating model of cylindrical crystal/3Y-TZP composite toughening Al2O3 ceramics was established. The results show that the composite additives prompt the anisotropic growth of Al2O3 grain, which strengthens toughening effect of 3Y-TZP in 3Y-TZP/Al2O3 composite ceramics. Moreover, the experimental material density is near to theoretical density, bending strength is 556.35 MPa, and fracture toughness is 6.73 MPa.m1/2. The mechanical properties of the materials are obviously improved.     

六方-BN对非晶前驱体制备不含添加剂的Si3N4/SiC复合材料相变的影响（英文）

Si3N4/SiC纳米复合材料由于具有优良的力学和热性能,广泛应用于涡轮发动机、热交换器和其他复杂情况中。然而,不添加添加剂很难制备出Si3N4/SiC复合材料。添加剂在烧结过程形成液相从而促进复合材料的致密化。然而,添加剂的存在降低了复合材料的高温力学性能。通常在不添加添加剂的情况下,采用电场辅助烧结,利用聚合物前体路线制备Si3N4/SiC复合材料。本研究中,在无添加剂、温度1700°C、真空50MPa条件下,热压烧结2h,利用非晶前体路线成功制备了六方-BN致密化的Si3N4/SiC复合材料。聚合物前驱体和BN的作用减少了的SiC含量。并对相变、致密化、微观组织和力学性能进行了讨论。     

铸铁用碳化硅质泡沫陶瓷过滤器的制备与性能

使用有机泡沫浸渍工艺制备碳化硅质泡沫陶瓷过滤器,探讨了复合粘结剂的比例、烧结助剂(Al2O3)的加入量及烧结性能。样品的抗压强度与Al2O3的含量之间存在最佳搭配关系,莫来石相的生成是材料强度提高的一个重要贡献因素。采用最佳配方在1400℃制得的碳化硅质泡沫陶瓷过滤器抗压强度达到1.9MPa,样品加热至1100℃,放入15℃水中急冷的热震次数高达15次。     

Al2O3／SiC纳米陶瓷复合材料的强化机理

采用一次粒径分别为１０ｎｍ和１５ｎｍ的α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和ＳｉＣ超细粉体,制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣ纳米陶瓷复合材料,并研究了其强化机理,提出了内晶颗粒残余应力强化模型。该模型很好地解释了Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣ纳米复合材料的强度和断裂方式随ＳｉＣ颗粒含量的变化规律。     

The Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior Evaluation of Ce-TZP／Al2O3 Nanocomposites

Ce-TZP/Al2O3 nanocomposites were prepared from mixture of self-made Ce-TZP nanometer powder and commercial Al2O3 powder by hot-pressing method. Influences of nanometer ZrO2 particles on the mechanical properties and microstructure of Ce-TZP/Al2O3 ceramics were investigated. Meanwhile, t→m transformation toughening mechanism was investigated by x-ray diffractometry (XRD) method, and deflection of samples under applied stress were recorded too. The results show that when the percentage of ZrO2 was 20%, the mechanical properties and microstructures of materials were preferential. Additionally, TEM observation show that dislocation structures form both in the Al2O3 grain and on the Al2O3 grain boundary.     

Sintering densification and properties of Al2O3／PSZ （3Y） ceramic composites

1　INTRODUCTIONAl2 O3ceramicsisoneofthewide spreadingma terialsbecauseitholdsgoodfeaturessuchasresistancetohightemperature ,oxidation ,corrosionandabra sion .However ,thebrittlenatureofAl2 O3ceramicshaspromptedustoexploreavarietyofapproachestoenhanceitsfracturetoughness .SinceGarvieetal[1]advancedatheoryin 1975 ,thatistoimprovethefracturetoughnessandflexuralstrengthofZrO2 ce ramicswithmartensitictransformation ,ZrO2 hasbeenreceivingconsiderableattention .AddingMgO ,CaO ,Y2 O3andCeO2…     

Fabrication and mechanical properties of WC-Co-Al2O3 nanocomposites by spark plasma sintering

Small amounts of nanocrystalline Al2O3 particles were doped in WC-Co nanocrystalline powders to study their reinforcing effects, and spark plasma sintering technique was used to fabricate the WC-Co-Al2O3 nanocomposites. Experimental results show that the use of Al2O3 nanoparticles as dispersions to reinforce WC-Co composites can increase the hardness, especially the transverse rupture strength of the WC-Co hardmetal. With addition of 0.5%(mass fraction) Al2O3 nanoparticles, the spark plasma sintered WC-TCo-0. 5Al2O3 nanocomposites exhibit hardness of 21.22 GPa and transverse rupture strength of 3 548 MPa. The fracture surface of the WC-TCo-0.5Al2O3 nanocomposites mainly fracture with transcrystalline rupture mode. The reinforcing mechanism is maybe related to the hindrance effect of microcracks propagation and the pinning effect for the dislocations movement, as well as the residual compressive strength due to the Al2O3 nanoparticles doped.     

Tb2O3掺杂对氧化铝陶瓷电弧管组织和性能的影响

通过掺杂不同浓度Tb2O3的重稀土氧化物,研究不同烧结温度下二元MgO-Tb2O3对氧化铝陶瓷电弧管组织与性能的影响,并与MgO-CaO掺杂体系进行比较。结果表明:在相同工艺条件下,CaO掺杂样品晶粒组织粗大且分布不均匀;添加重稀土氧化物Tb2O3可降低氧化铝陶瓷电弧管的晶体颗粒尺寸;在较低烧结温度下,掺杂Tb2O3能够细化晶粒、提高微观组织均匀性、消除晶粒异常生长及有效地改善透明氧化铝陶瓷电弧管的力学性能。     

高强度碳化硅泡沫陶瓷的制备及其抗压强度研究

选用Al2O3、Y2O3作为烧结助剂,通过有机模板复制法及多次浸渍涂覆工艺制备出高强度碳化硅泡沫陶瓷材料。系统地研究了原料组成、烧结温度等工艺参数对制得的碳化硅泡沫陶瓷物相组成、宏观结构、微观结构的影响,同时对陶瓷的气孔率、力学性能等进行了测试。结果表明:通过选取不同PPI值的有机泡沫模板,泡沫陶瓷宏观孔径可控;随着涂覆次数的增加,陶瓷体孔径减小、孔棱直径增加;随着烧结温度的提高,孔棱致密度增加,抗压强度显著提高;在1700℃下获得了20PPI值,气孔率为77%,抗压强度达2.48MPa的碳化硅泡沫陶瓷。     

Y2O3-MgO纳米复相红外透明陶瓷制备及其性能研究

以商用Y2O3、MgO纳米粉体为原料,通过球磨混合方法制备了不同Y2O3/MgO配比的Y2O3-MgO纳米复合粉体,使用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、能量色散谱等表征手段对制备粉体的晶体结构、形貌、成分以及均匀性进行了表征。然后采用热压烧结方法制备Y2O3-MgO复相红外透明陶瓷,使用红外光谱仪、维氏硬度计等测试设备对复相透明陶瓷的光学和力学性能进行了分析。重点研究了粉体配比、热压温度、保温和保压时间等关键制备参数对Y2O3-MgO复相红外透明陶瓷晶粒尺度、致密化程度、光学及力学性能的影响。并通过调控粉体制备工艺和热压烧结工艺,制备出了红外透过率达到~80%的Y2O3-MgO复相红外透明陶瓷。同时在Y2O3:Mg0=1:1时,该复相陶瓷的硬度达到了12.3 GPa。     

Effect of milling conditions and binder phase content on liquid phase sintering of heat treatable WC-Ni-Co-Cr-Al-Ti cemented carbides

The binder phase of WC based cemented carbides has been alloyed by adding two different aluminium compounds, AlN and TiAl₃, to mixtures comprised of WC, Ni, Co and Cr₃C₂ powders. A more efficient alloying effect is obtained by TiAl₃ additions likely due to its higher dissolution rate during liquid phase sintering. Shrinkage and melting phenomena are strongly affected by the energy of the milling process and the amount of metallic additions. The use of higher milling rotation speed induces higher oxidation of the powder mixtures and the subsequent formation of a higher volume fraction of alumina particles after sintering. Densification and WC grain growth are hindered by increasing the Al addition. Thus, full densification of alloys with higher Al additions require the use of HIP after standard vacuum sintering cycles. As-HIPed WC-Ni-Co-Cr-Al-Ti samples present a binder phase with precipitation of gamma prime similar to that found in as-cast Ni superalloys. The size, volume fraction and morphology of these precipitates has been modified by applying a standard solution treatment (1150 °C-2 h) followed by fast air cooling and subsequent aging at 600 °C and different dwelling times. Age hardening effects have been confirmed in the composition consisting of WC-12 wt% Co-12 wt% Ni-1.7 wt% Cr₃C₂-5 wt% TiAl₃ after 100 h at this temperature.