直链烷基胺浮选铝硅矿物机理

研究了一水硬铝石和高岭石、叶蜡石及伊利石等几种含铝硅酸盐矿物在不同pH条件下的动电行为与浮选行为。一水硬铝石、高岭石、叶蜡石及伊利石的等电点（IEP）分别为pH6．2,4．3,2．0,3．4。在pH＞IEP时,烷基胺类阳离子捕收剂主要以静电作用吸附在一水硬铝石矿物表面,其浮选高岭石等3种铝硅酸盐矿物的可浮性大小顺序是叶蜡石＞高岭石＞伊利石。高岭石、叶蜡石和伊利石均是层状硅酸盐矿物,其破碎磨细时,将沿层间断裂,由于晶体结构的原因其层面荷负电荷。烷基胺类阳离子捕收剂以静电作用力吸附于铝硅酸盐矿物表面的层面使矿物疏水上浮。     

氯化钠对铝硅矿物浮选的影响及其作用机理

采用季铵盐DTAL作捕收剂,研究了氯化钠对一水硬铝石和叶蜡石浮选的影响及其作用机理.随着氯化钠浓度的增加,叶蜡石的浮选回收率显著提高,而一水硬铝石的可浮性受其影响很小.机理研究表明:氯化钠对一水硬铝石的zeta-电位没有影响,而能显著降低叶蜡石的zeta-电位,增强捕收剂与叶腊石的静电作用,促进捕收剂的吸附而活化其浮选;叶蜡石表面电位的降低是因为氯离子对叶蜡石存在选择性吸附作用并对其结构进行插层,使得叶蜡石的层间距从0.93 nm增大至1.40 nm.溶液化学计算表明:氯化钠改变溶液的离子强度,显著降低了季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度,使得吸附了捕收剂的矿物表面更容易疏水上浮.     

十二烷基胍对铝硅矿物的浮选分离

采用含有胍基的长碳链季铵盐作捕收剂,研究-水硬铝石、高岭石、叶腊石和伊利石单矿物的浮选行为、铝硅人工混合矿样的浮选分离以及河南铝土矿的精选.结果表明:在捕收剂用量为2×10-4mol/L条件下,在广泛的pH范围内,十二烷基胍对硅酸盐矿物具有较好的捕收能力,平均浮选回收率可达80%;强碱性条件下,一水硬铝石的浮选回收率从80%急剧下降至20%,与高岭石、叶腊石和伊利石之间形成较大差异:以十二烷基胍为捕收剂可望实现铝硅矿物反浮选分离:实际铝土矿(原矿铝硅比为5.70)经过反浮选脱硅,精矿铝硅比达11.08,铝浮选回收率为75%;与传统的阳离子捕收剂十二胺相比,胍类阳离子捕收剂对硅酸盐矿物浮选能力强、受pH的影响小,是一种新型高效的铝硅矿物浮选分离捕收剂.     

季铵盐与辛醇组合捕收剂浮选云母的机理

通过单矿物浮选试验考察了组合药剂十六烷基三甲基氯化铵/辛醇(CTAC/OCT)作为捕收剂时云母的浮选行为,采用表面接触角测定、吸附量测定、红外光谱、药剂吸附形貌分析等方法探讨组合捕收剂(CTAC/OCT)与云母的作用机理。结果表明:适当配比的组合药剂(CTAC/OCT)对云母的捕收效果优于单一CTAC的,且组合药剂对矿浆酸碱性有更好的适应性。单一CTAC主要以物理吸附的方式吸附于云母表面,单一OCT在云母表面几乎不发生吸附。组合药剂中,CTAC与OCT存在较强的协同吸附效应。OCT分子通过与CTAC碳链缔合的方式,穿插吸附于云母表面的CTAC分子之间,从而在云母表面形成更加均匀紧密的单分子吸附层,从而增强云母表面的疏水性,有利于云母矿物的上浮。     

有机硅阳离子捕收剂和淀粉抑制剂分选铝土矿（英文）

以有机硅阳离子表面活性剂TAS101为捕收剂,淀粉为抑制剂,研究一水硬铝石和3种硅酸盐矿物高岭石、叶腊石和伊利石的浮选行为。结果表明,在pH值范围为4-10时,TAS101对一水硬铝石和3种硅酸盐矿物均有较强的捕收能力。在碱性pH条件下,淀粉对一水硬铝石有较强的抑制效果但不会影响硅酸盐矿物的浮选。使用淀粉作为抑制剂,TAS101作为捕收剂能够实现一水硬铝石和3种硅酸盐脉石的浮选分离。对铝土矿浮选闭路试验进行进一步研究,采用反浮选流程,使用淀粉作为抑制剂,TAS101作为捕收剂,在pH=11条件下进行浮选,当原矿Al_2O_3与SiO_2的质量比为6.1时,可以获得Al_2O_3与SiO_2的质量比为9.58,Al_2O_3回收率为83.34%的精矿。     

变性淀粉在铝硅矿物浮选分离中的作用机理

通过浮选实验、动电位和红外光谱测定,详细考察了变性淀粉在铝硅矿物浮选分离中的作用效果和机理。浮选实验显示：非离子淀粉和阴离子淀粉在pH＜6时,抑制一水硬铝石的浮选,但当pH＞6时,却对一水硬铝石浮选有活化作用;阳离子淀粉在较宽pH值范围内对一水硬铝石均有抑制作用;3种淀粉化合物在pH＜6时均活化高岭石的浮选,当pH＞6时活化作用较微。结果表明：变性淀粉是一水硬铝石型铝土矿反浮选中实现一水硬铝石和高岭石分离的有效调整剂,阴离子淀粉使矿物表面ζ电位更负,阳离子淀粉使矿物质表面ζ电位更正,非离子淀粉使矿物表面电位绝对值减小。由实验结果结合药剂与矿物作用前后的红外光谱分析,得出结论：非离子淀粉主要通过氢键作用吸附于矿物表面,而静电力和化学键合力在阴离子淀粉和阳离子淀粉吸附中发挥着重要作用。     

磷酸盐对一水硬铝石和高岭石浮选的选择性作用

研究了磷酸盐对一水硬铝石和高岭石的浮选性能。六偏磷酸钠(SHMP)在低用量条件下，对高岭石的抑制作用大于对一水硬铝石的，可以实现铝土矿的正浮选脱硅；而在高用量的条件下，六偏磷酸盐对一水硬铝石的抑制作用很强，对高岭石的抑制作用与低用量条件相比没有明显变化，因而可以实现铝土矿的反浮选脱硅。通过磷酸盐的溶液化学、六偏磷酸钠对一水硬铝石和高岭石矿物的ξ-电位影响及其在矿物表面上的吸附量测定，同时通过显微镜对溶液中的矿物颗粒成像，探讨了(NaPO3)6在一水硬铝石和高岭石的胺阳离子反浮选体系中的作用机理。     

8-羟基喹啉在微细粒铝硅矿物浮选分离中的作用

通过浮选实验、动电位和红外光谱测定,考查了8-羟基喹啉对一水硬铝石和高岭石浮选分离的作用及机理。单矿物浮选结果表明:8-羟基喹啉的捕收能力较弱,选择性差。人工混合矿分离实验结果表明:8-羟基喹啉用量是油酸钠用量的1/10或更小时,可以显著提高Al2O3精矿的回收率;其中油酸钠在较低用量水平时,8-羟基喹啉可基本保持原有的选择性,实现铝硅分离。动电位测试表明:8-羟基喹啉用量在0~5×10-4 mol/L范围内,在两个不同的油酸钠用量下,高岭石的ζ电位均随着8-羟基喹啉用量的增大而负移;而对于一水硬铝石而言,结果却不一样,这说明8-羟基喹啉在铝硅矿物表面吸附的模式可能不同。红外分析结果表明:8-羟基喹啉主要通过氢键作用和络合作用被吸附在矿粒表面,造成矿物表面的初步疏水,促进捕收剂对矿物的捕收。     

温度对油酸钠在一水硬铝石表面的吸附量的影响

通过吸附量的测定、热力学分析及单矿物浮选试验,揭示温度对油酸钠在一水硬铝石表面的吸附量及其浮选的影响。结果表明:在15℃时,油酸钠在一水硬铝石表面的吸附等温线为L-S型吸附曲线;在32℃时,其为L型吸附曲线。初始浓度在2 mmol/L以下时,油酸钠在一水硬铝石表面为单分子层吸附,吸附热约为-89.31k J/mol,属化学吸附,32℃时的吸附量高于15℃时的,ΘΔ15℃GΘ2Δ3℃G,温度的降低导致油酸钠的吸附量减少,主要是油酸钠的溶解度降低所致;低温下,增加矿浆温度比增大捕收剂用量能更有效地提高油酸钠吸附量及浮选回收率。     

羧甲基淀粉的取代度对其在反浮选中抑制一水硬铝石的影响(英文)

研究取代度不同的两种羧甲基淀粉(CMSL和CMSH分别表示取代度低和取代度高的羧甲基淀粉)在以十二胺(DDA)为捕收剂的阳离子反浮选中对一水硬铝石的抑制性能。考察了CMS的取代度对其抑制性能及作用方式的影响。单矿物浮选实验表明,在广泛pH值范围内,CMSL对一水硬铝石的抑制能力要好于CMSH。借助吸附量测试、动电位测量和原子力显微镜对CMS在一水硬铝石表面的吸附进行研究。结果表明:相对于CMSL,CMSH分子中具有更多的吸附点,因而在一水硬铝石表面具有较小的吸附量和较薄的吸附层厚度,并使一水硬铝石表面具有较强的电负性。溶液表面张力的测定和捕收剂DDA的吸附实验进一步揭示,CMSL分子的环式吸附构象可以罩盖更多的DDA从而显示优良的抑制性能,而CMSH/DDA体系则表现得更像一种表面活性剂。     

Effect of hydroxamic acid starch on reverse flotation desilicate from diasporic bauxite

It is important to depress diaspore effectively in order to remove silicates from diasporic bauxite.A new water soluble polymer hydroxamic acid starch(HA-starch)was prepared.The effects of the product on the diaspore and kaolinite flotation were investigated and its reactive mechanism was studied by zeta potential measurement and FTIR.The results show that HA-starch can depress diaspore while make positive effect on kaolinite flotation at low pH value(pH below 6)The flotation recovery of diaspore was sharply decreased with the increase of concentration of HA-starch.The chemical adsorption of HA-starch on the surface of diaspore was revealed.     

An impedance response model for inhibitory effect of antibiotics on bacterial growth in biometallurgy

An impedance response model reflecting the inhibitory effect of antibiotics on bacterial growth in biomet-allurgy was established. Three inhibition parameters, i.e. the maximum amount inhibitory constant of the bacterial growth(K1), the maximum specific growth inhibitory constant(K2) and the lag time inhibitory constant(K3), were included in the model. The influence of these parameters on the response curve was discussed in detail. By fitting experimental data towards the proposed model, three growth parameters (A,μm and λ) in the presence of antibiotics were gained and compared. The results show that the growth ability of bacteria is decreased due to the influence of antibiotics. The experimental and fitted curves have goodness-of-fit in the range of 0. 987-1. 008. Moreover, the kinetic growth parameters obtained from this model are closed to those from the Logistics popular growth model.These results show that the proposed model is validity to reflect the inhibitory effect of antibiotics on bacteria.     

Flotation of kaolinite and its interaction with hexadecylammonium bromide

1　INTRODUCTIONAshasbeenextensivelydiscussedinRef .[1],theselectiveseparationofbauxiteisextremelycom plexinseveralcases ,theproblemsinvolvedarenotyetfullyresolved .Thetechnologicalschemesofposi tive flotationorreverse flotationseparationofalu minum silicatemineralsfromdiasporicbauxiteweresuggested[2 ,3] .The positive flotationseparationofbauxiteisfinishedbydepressingaluminumsilicateganguemineralssuchasillite ,kaoliniteandpy rophillite,andusesanioniccollectorstofloatdias pore .Phosphate ,s…     

Nature of (001) and (001) faces and flocculation flotation of kaolinite

Flotation mechanism of kaolinite was investigated through flotation test, SEM analysis and quantum chemical simulation calculation. It is shown that the (001) face of kaolinite easily adsorb cationic collector to exhibit hydrophobicity; the (001) face is easily interacted with the reagent carrying the group of high electronegativity (-O-,-N-, F-) to show hydrophilicity. The cationic and anionic polyacrylamide are adsorbed onto the (001) face of kaolinite and the flocculation of kaolinite particles may take place; the (001) faces are exposed to interact with cationic collector to be rendered hydrophobicity. Thus, the macromolecules can evidently enhance the flotation of kaolinite in alkaline media.     

Reverse flotation separation on diaspore and kaolinite in the presence of cationic polyacrylamide polymers

1　INTRODUCTIONChinaisrichindiasporebauxiteresources[1,2 ]whichpossessspecialpropertiessuchashighgradeofbothAl2 O3andSiO2 andlowFecontent,buttheAl/Si(massratioofAl2 O3toSiO2 )valueislow .Inordertotreatthediasporebauxite ,unitedmethodsandsin teringmethods[3] arestillappliedalthoughsufferingfromdisadvantagesincludingcomplextechnologyflowchart,highenergyconsumption ,highproduc tioncost ,andrestrainingfurtherdevelopmentofalu minaindustry .However ,byimprovingbauxiteAl/Si>10 ,wecanchoosem…     

Nature of (001) and (00) faces and flocculation flotation of kaolinite

1　INTRODUCTIONThediasporicbauxiteresourceinChinaischar acterizedbyhighcontentofAl2 O3andSiO2 andlowmassratioofAl2 O3toSiO2 ,theratioisusually 5 8.ThediasporicbauxitewithlowmassratioofAl2 O3toSiO2 cannotbedirectlyprocessedbyBayer’stechnol ogy .ThesinteringorcombinationofsinteringandBayerprocessareoftenusedtotreatsuchdiasporicbauxite ,showingenergy intensiveandenvironmentalunfriendly[1] .ItisrequiredtoincreasethemassratioofAl2 O3toSiO2 toabove 10byphysicalseparationsothattheBayer…     

Comparative studies on flotation of illite, pyrophyllite and kaolinite with Gemini and conventional cationic surfactants

To search a novel class of effective silicate mineral collectors, the Gemini quaternary ammonium salt surfactant (butane-α, ω-bis(dimethyl dodeculammonium bromide), 12-4-12) and its corresponding conventional monomeric surfactant (dedecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, DTAB) were adopted to comparatively study the flotation behaviors of illite, pyrophyllite and kaolinite. Three silicate minerals with the Gemini surfactant as collector reveal floatability far better than with the corresponding traditional one. At pH 6, the best recoveries of illite, pyrophyllite and kaolinite with 3.5×10-4 mol/L 12-4-12 are 99.2%, 91.7% and 99.6%, respectively. The fluorescence and contact angle measurement were also conducted for the further investigation of surfactants aggregation behavior and silicate mineral surface hydrophobic properties. FTIR spectra analysis and electrokinetic analysis show that the mechanism of adsorption of collector molecules on mineral surfaces is almost identical for the electronic attraction and hydrogen bonds effect. The superior collecting power of dimeric collector may be attributed primarily to its special structure and its essential properties.