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高碘酸钠氧化淀粉制备双醛淀粉的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以甘薯淀粉为原料,以高碘酸钠为氧化剂制备双醛淀粉的工艺条件和流程。在合适的条件下,反应时间3小时,反应温度30℃,NalO4浓度为0.32mol/l,NalO4与淀粉的摩尔比为1.1:1,所得淀粉的双醛含量接近100%,产品得率达到95%以上。氧化剂高碘酸钠的消耗量大约为理论量,且可通过电解再生,重复使用,避免了大量消耗昂贵高碘酸钠和环境污染,具有实际的应用前景。 相似文献
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双醛淀粉毒性低、化学反应活性高,广泛应用于各种工业,是一种很重要的化工原料,而双醛淀粉的流变性会对双醛淀粉的应用产生重大的影响.本文研究了不同pH下制备双醛淀粉的流变性,结果表明:溶液呈胀流型,提高剪切速率,粘度略有增加,pH3.5下制备双醛淀粉的粘度比pH7下制备双醛淀粉的粘度低. 相似文献
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机械活化木薯淀粉制备双醛淀粉的研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
采用搅拌球磨机对木薯淀粉进行机械活化,以活化60 min的木薯淀粉为原料,NaIO4为氧化剂制备双醛淀粉,并以醛基摩尔分数为评价指标,考察活化时间、反应时间、反应温度、氧化剂用量、NaIO4浓度及体系pH等因素对木薯淀粉氧化反应的影响。结果表明,机械活化对木薯淀粉的氧化反应有显著的强化作用。双醛淀粉的醛基摩尔分数随活化时间的延长而增大;活化60 min的淀粉在反应时间90 min、反应温度30℃、n(NaIO4)∶n(AGU)=0.8∶1、NaIO4的浓度0.5 mol/L、体系pH=4的条件下制得的双醛淀粉x(醛基)=95.4%,而在相同条件下,由原木薯淀粉制得的双醛淀粉x(醛基)=58.2%。利用红外光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪对产物的结构进行了表征。 相似文献
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在以二甲基亚砜为溶剂的均相反应体系中,以双醛淀粉和苯胺为底物,乙酸为催化剂,N2保护下,合成了双醛淀粉-苯胺希夫碱。得到的最佳反应条件为:以二甲基亚砜为溶剂,双醛淀粉质量浓度为100 g/L,体系中乙酸体积分数3%,反应温度50℃,醛基与氨基的摩尔比为2:1,反应时间12 h。在最佳条件下,以双醛摩尔分数为5%的双醛淀粉(DAS5)为底物的苯胺利用率为94%;以双醛摩尔分数为20%的双醛淀粉(DAS20)为底物的苯胺利用率为55%。通过FTIR、NMR和XRD对双醛淀粉-苯胺希夫碱的结构进行了表征。 相似文献
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Hamed Peidayesh Zahed Ahmadi Hossein Ali Khonakdar Majid Abdouss Ivan Chodk 《Polymer International》2020,69(3):317-327
The poor mechanical properties and high water solubility of biodegradable thermoplastic starch (TPS) represent the main disadvantages of TPS in many applications. In this work, TPS film was prepared from a water solution of corn starch modified by 5 wt% dialdehyde starch (DAS) as crosslinking agent and 3 wt% montmorillonite (MMT) as reinforcing additive. Interactions occurring in the TPS films were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, XRD, DSC, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and TGA. The results obtained fom FTIR spectroscopy and DSC suggest the formation of hydrogen bond interactions between the hydroxyl group of starch, DAS, the MMT layers and glycerol. DMTA indicated that the relaxation of films with DAS and MMT appears in a higher and broader temperature range due to the starch backbone stiffness; the extreme increase in the storage modulus confirmed the suggested interactions. The determination of the weight loss of the films in water indicated a significant increase of the water resistance of TPS due to incorporation of DAS and MMT. Changes in mechanical properties of the films containing DAS and clay were determined, showing a substantial increase in tensile strength from 2.7 to 6.7 MPa, while Young's modulus increased by 15 times for TPS modified with 5% DAS and 3% MMT. Therefore, the outcomes of this study confirmed that DAS is a suitable biomacromolecule crosslinker for starch and can significantly enhance TPS and TPS/MMT properties. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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Corn starch was chlorinated using methanesulfonyl chloride in dimethylformamide (DMF) and then substituted with polycaprolactone (PCL) in various solvents [dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), water and dimethylacetamide (DMAc)] containing a catalyst [sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or lithium chloride (LiCl)] to improve water resistance. The reaction yield based on the product weight was highest (85%) when DMAc and LiCl were used. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra showed that starch was monosubstituted with PCL in the aqueous NaOH solution, whereas it was to crosslink by PCL in the case using DMAc and LlCl. The intrinsic viscosity of the products in DMSO supports these trends. By introducing the hydrophobic PCL onto starch, solvent resistance of the substituted starches to water and other aqueous media increased. The crosslinked starch displayed higher water resistance than the monosubstituted starch. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 81: 2197–2202, 2001 相似文献
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使用油相水热法制备了50nm左右的Fe3O4纳米颗粒,并在其表面包裹上双醛淀粉(DSA),使纳米颗粒表面具有丰富的羟基基团,通过化学方法将乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)键合在其表面。通过透射电镜(TEM)和XRD表征分析,说明成功合成了粒径为50nm左右的Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒,并且在其表面用物理吸附的方式包裹了双醛淀粉(DSA);通过红外光谱分析表明,EDTA被成功地键合在纳米复合体的表面;通过磁回滞线(VSM),得出Fe3O4-NH2和Fe3O4@DAS—EDTA的饱和磁性分别为83和62emu·g-1。并将这一材料应用于吸附不同pH值水中的重金属离子Pb2+,实验结果表明,在pH值为5时,该纳米复合材料对Pb2+吸附效果最为显著,除去率可达到98.5%,重复使用6次后,除去率仅降低3%。 相似文献
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以木薯淀粉为原料、高碘酸钠为氧化剂,在一定条件下制得双醛淀粉(DAS);然后以过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂、聚乙烯醇(PVA)为保护胶体和醋酸乙烯酯(VAc)为DAS的接枝单体,再配合其他助剂制得双醛接枝淀粉基木材用胶粘剂。结果表明:当w(DAS中醛基)=20%、m(DAS)∶m(VAc)=1∶2.5、w(PVA)=75%、VAc为25 mL、接枝反应温度为65℃和反应时间为3 h时,胶粘剂的干、湿强度分别为3.0、2.4 MPa。 相似文献
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以羧甲基淀粉(CMS)为原料,己酰氯为酯化试剂,二甲基亚砜(DMSO)为溶剂,吡啶为有机碱合成了己酰酯化羧甲基淀粉(HCMS)。研究了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量、溶剂用量对己酰酯化取代度(DS)和反应效率(RE)的影响,确定了最佳反应条件为:5 g CMS,40 mL DMSO,反应温度为50℃,反应时间为30 min,有机碱用量为1.0 g。通过IR、流变仪对产物进行了结构及溶液黏度性质研究。通过对不同质量分数和己酰酯化取代度(DShexyl)的羧甲基淀粉溶液黏度性质(剪切速率0~500 s-1)的研究表明,达到临界聚集质量分数2.0%时,适当己酰基取代度(DShexyl=0.3)的HCMS,可以使羧甲基淀粉溶液的黏度由420 mPa.s提高到34 000 mPa.s(γ=5 s-1)。 相似文献