直接加间接锁相调频应用于TV伴音调频

本文分析了锁相调频的原理,指出了直接锁相调频应用于TV伴音调频的缺陷。同时分析了直接加间接锁相调频应用于TV伴音调频的优点,即既可以克服伴音漂移现象,又可以扩展调制频率下限。笔者最后给出了具体设计实例和测试参数。     

基于图像序列的红外锁相热像检测技术研究

介绍了红外锁相热像技术的发展和应用。红外锁相热像技术是一种主动热成像技术,采用了正弦调制光源作为激励源对试件进行激励,利用Cedip JADE MWIR 550焦平面红外热像仪采集红外图像序列,对其特殊的图像序列文件格式进行了分析,研究了数字信号的滤波算法和热波信号FFT处理算法,并采用Viscal C++开发平台编制了红外图像序列信号处理程序。试验结果表明,开发的基于红外图像序列处理的红外锁相热像软件系统可达到国外同类技术的先进水平。     

数字调制系统及无线电管理相关技术

对于大多数的数字传输系统来说，数字基带信号往往具有丰富的低频成分，而实际的通信信道又具有带通特性，因此，必须用数字信号来调制某一高频率的正弦或脉冲载波，使已调信号能通过带限信道传输。这种用基带数字信号控制高频载波，把基带数字信号变换为频带数字信号的过程称为数字调制。已调信号通过信道传输到接收端，然后通过解调把频带数字信号还原成基带数字信号，这种数字信号的反变换过程称为数字解调。通常，我们把数字调制与解调合起来称为数字调制，把包括调制和解调过程的传输系统叫做数字信号的频带传输系统。     

一种基于LMX2485E芯片的调制倍频电路

本文介绍了一种调制倍频单元的设计工作。电路中选用了一种具有跳频功能、可通过编程精确预置带有小数的倍频系数的高分辨率频率合成器芯片,同时实现数字调制、锁相倍频的功能,直接取代原有模拟调制、倍频电路。     

一种基于LMX2485E芯片的调制倍频电路

本文介绍了一种调制倍频单元的设计工作.电路中选用了一种具有跳频功能、可通过编程精确预置带有小数的倍频系数的高分辨率频率合成器芯片,同时实现数字调制、锁相倍频的功能,直接取代原有模拟调制、倍频电路.     

数字通信技术讲座：第九讲 数字调制的方法

数字传输系统分为基带传输系统和频带传输系统两大类。数字终端设备编码产生的数字信号（基带信号）直接在信道上传输称为基带传输。频带传输系统也叫数字调制系统,它对基带信号进行调制,使其频谱搬移到适合在信道上传输的频带上,然后在信道上传输。 数字调制与模拟调制都是正弦波调制,即被调制的信号均为高频正弦波。但是数字调制的调制信号是数字信号,而模拟调制的信号是模拟信号。由于载波有振幅、频率和相位３个参量,而二进制数字信号的幅度值只有两种,即１、０或高、低电平,所以调制过程可以用键控的方法,由基带信号对载频的…     

Jaguar-V跳频电台锁相调频器分析

采用锁相环实现锁相调频,具有中心频率稳定,频偏大,调制线性好等优点。在对英国 Racal 公司 Jaguar-V 跳频电台的锁相调频器测试和分析的基础上形成此文。本文包括 Jaguar-V 电台锁相调频器工作原理、主要电路分析、环路主要性能分析和调制特性分析等几部分。该调制器采用间接锁相调频(即锁相调相),从分析可知,其锁相环选择了较高的截止频率(高于调制信号的最高频率),这与跳频电台快速转换频率的要求是相适应的,通过分析,了解到跳频电台中应用锁相调频的一般设计原则。     

小波变换与模式识别用于自动识别调制模式

本文提出小波变换与模式识别相结合的算法实现通信信号调制模式的自动识别。不同于其他调制模式识别算法，该算法能同时识别模拟调制信号和数字调制信号。采用小波变换估计信号的码速率以区分模拟信号和数字信号。对模拟信号或者数字信号，提取相应的特征参数，识别具体的调制模式。计算机仿真结果表明SNR≥15dB时，该算法艮有很好的性能。     

脉冲射频调制器的工程实现

介绍了锁相调频的基本原理,用锁相调频的射频直接调制方法实现了脉冲信号的低抖动传输。用ADI公司的ADF4360-2产生载波,将脉冲信号预调后输入到VCO的调谐端,以实现对载波的调制;用Si Lab的Si4133产生本振信号,与调频波进行混频,混频后的低中频信号经过滤波、放大后输出到室外设备。实验结果表明,这种方法可以实现对脉冲信号的低抖动调制,解调后的脉冲信号3σ抖动小于20 ns,满足了设计要求。     

用锁相稳定的VCO进行调相和调频

在电压控制的调频和调相中,调制特性和稳定特性是一个重要的问题。用普通压控振荡器(VCO)或压控晶体振荡器是难以同时达到±1×10~(-7)稳定度和宽范围调制的。但是,把VCO和一个高质量的晶体振荡器按锁相反馈方案组合起来,完全能解决这个问题。不过,调制频率低时还存在问题。这样一种组合,称为锁相稳定的VCO或PLS-VCO。可用标准控     

Pulse-time modulation of mutually coupled arrays of oscillators

This paper specifies the coupling parameters for multioscillator arrays (2" in number) such that nondegenerate symmetric and antisymmetric states may be sequentially accessed by electronic control of the coupling parameters. A requirement of this coupling configuration is that, when mutually locked, the oscillator amplitudes are identical to one another. Thus, when the oscillator signals are combined with a series of magic-T's, the output power is the sum of the oscillator powers in the array minus some small loss in the coupling circuit for the symmetric state and zero for the antisymmetric state. Switching from one state to the other is accomplished by control of the feedback phase delay between oscillators. Ideal oscillator cases are analyzed for two, four, and higher numbers of oscillators by induction. By this electronic-mode control of mutually locked oscillators, we have been able to generate pulse-time modulation (PTM) signals which are useful for communication systems. We describe some results of an X-band PTM signal generator     

The effect of operating parameters and oscillator characteristics upon the phase angle between a locked X-band Gunn oscillator and its locking signal

Experiments have been carried out to measure the phase angle between a locked negative-resistance (Gunn) oscillator and its locking oscillator. Phase angle has been measured as a function of ambient temperature, oscillator bias voltage, locking power, and the voltage applied to a varactor tuning diode coupled into the locked oscillator. Results indicate that given a knowledge of the oscillator characteristics and the operating conditions, it is possible to predict, with reasonable accuracy, the phase of the locked oscillator. The relative merits of various methods of phase control are discussed and it is concluded that the best method is to use a varactor diode coupled into the negative-resistance oscillator.     

低相位噪声微波振荡器设计

针对Ka和Ku波段上、下变频装置对微波振荡器低相位噪声和小型化的要求,该文采用单环锁相式频率合成技术完成了微波振荡器的设计,并对锁相环的相位噪声进行了理论计算。分析了鉴相频率、鉴相器灵敏度和环路带宽对锁相环输出相位噪声的影响,根据分析结果对微波振荡器电路参数合理选择,同时兼顾了低相位噪声与小型化的设计要求。测试结果表明,振荡器的相位噪声指标与理论计算一致,各项指标均达到要求,可满足实际工程应用。     

A Beam-Steering Antenna Array Using Injection Locked Coupled Oscillators With Self-Tuning of Oscillator Free-Running Frequencies

The analysis and experimental results of an antenna array using injection locked coupled oscillators with self-tuning of oscillator free-running frequencies are presented. With the use of coupled type-II phase locked loops for tuning oscillator free-running frequencies and an external injection signal for stabilizing the array operating frequency, this antenna array can steer its beam through a single control voltage and hold its output frequency at the injection signal frequency in operation. In addition, its beam-pointing error arising from phase errors in coupled oscillators can be reduced and the array works well over a certain frequency band. Phase dynamics and stability are studied and experimentally verified. Experimental results of a three-element injection locked coupled oscillator array show that its uniform phase progression ranges between $-$16 $^{circ}$ and 52$^{circ}$ , and the phase errors are less than 5 $^{circ}$ at 2.7 GHz. The operation bandwidth is shown from 2.68–2.72 GHz. By loading the injection locked coupled oscillator array with rectangular patch antennas, the beam-steering radiation characteristics are measured at various control voltages.      

84 fs PMD detection sensitivity in 2×40 Gbit/s RZpolarisation multiplex transmission experiment

Interchannel phase modulation of polarisation-multiplexed optical signals results in pulse arrival time variations in the presence of polarisation mode dispersion (PMD). Integration of the voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) input signal in the clock recovery phase locked loop (PLL) allows detection of these. 150 and 84 fs PMD detection sensitivities are demonstrated for 4.8 and 38.4 μs measurement intervals, respectively     

Frequency stabilization of power-combining grid oscillator arrays

In this paper, we report the results of phase locking of grid oscillator arrays. First, a voltage-controlled grid oscillator array with a center frequency of 4.7 GHz and with a 300-MHz electric tuning range was locked to a frequency synthesizer through a phase-locked loop. Second, a 4 × 4 and a 6 × 6 grid oscillator arrays were locked by way of the injection locking. In both methods, a simple loop antenna mounted on the reflection mirror was used for taking/injecting signals from/to the array. Results show that the phase noise performance is improved significantly in the locked oscillator arrays     

New technique for digital phase-shift control

A scheme for digital phase-shift control of a locked oscillator is proposed. If the required operating frequency is f and the locking frequency is nf, a reversal in phase of the locking frequency will shift the phase of the locked oscillator by ?/n, under suitable conditions.     

基于注入锁定技术的非接触式免校准脉搏检测传感器

为了实现手腕脉搏检测系统的免校准脉冲检测,提出了一种基于注入锁定原理的邻近耦合射频传感器。该传感器由两个主要部分组成,包括谐波振荡器和具有压控振荡器的锁相回路（PLL）合成器。谐波振荡器由具有两个端口的微带谐振器（叉指电极机构）制成的,该微带谐振器可将桡动脉的膨胀或收缩转换为阻抗变化。然后,PLL合成器通过锁相振荡器将频率变化转换为直流电压内的变化。测量结果表明,由于桡动脉的变化,谐振器的阻抗变化会导致谐波振荡器产生高达0.68 MHz的频率变化。在脉搏的一个周期内,测得的电压峰间值为10-15mV。证明了提出传感器可用于有效的非接触式手腕脉搏检测系统。     

Digital phase control by harmonic locking

The principle of phase control by harmonic locking is verified experimentally, using a 1 GHz transistor oscillator locked to a 4 GHz source. Phase steps of ±90° can be obtained by the application of positive- or negative-voltage pulses to the locked transistor. Phase switching can be achieved in 40 ns.     

DDS+PLL宽带频率合成器的设计与实现

采用DDS PLL技术实现频率合成器,其特点是宽频带(3～6 CHz)、小步进(1 kHz)、低相位噪声,频率捷变.对其进行了理论分析,描述了宽频带和小步进的实现方式,相位噪声以及频率捷变的确定问题.频率合成器由DDS、锁相环路、压控振荡器、放大电路、参考信号和数据处理等电路组成.压控振荡器的信号经过功分、分频、下混频,滤波后和晶振信号在锁相环路进行鉴相,生成误差电压来控制VCO的频率,同时通过改变DDS的频率得到小步进、低相位噪声的输出信号.