共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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SnO_2复合薄膜甲烷气敏传感器研究进展 总被引:5,自引:4,他引:1
甲烷是具有稳定四面体分子结构的碳氢化合物,其键能大、分解困难且活性低,是煤矿安全生产的主要障碍及一种温室气体。SnO2半导体薄膜制备工艺简单、成本低廉、性能稳定,是甲烷传感器研发的主流气敏材料。科技人员进行了很多相关研究以提高传感器的性能,如新气敏材料的研究、催化剂/添加剂的使用、气敏机理的探索、传感器结构改进及气敏膜的表面修饰改性等。本文从气敏膜制备与改性、传感器结构设计及气敏机理研究三个方面,综述了近年来SnO2复合薄膜甲烷传感器的研究进展,结果表明:①应开发复合型金属氧化物半导体及高分子气敏材料,以提高灵敏度、选择性与稳定性;②研发微型智能传感器是未来发展的主要方向,而自组装技术应可用于制备金属氧化物半导体薄膜气体传感器微纳阵列;③气敏机理应与实验测试、材料设计及器件制备进行对照研究。 相似文献
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Nanocomposite polymers have tremendous potential to enhance the performance of macromolecular materials used for composite matrices. Effective utilization of carbon nanotubes in composite applications depends strongly on the ability to homogeneously disperse them throughout the matrix without destroying their integrity. This work looks at the fabrication for montmorillonite, fullerenes and nanotubes polymer/nanocomposites tailored to fit aerospace needs. Further insight is also given on developments in nanofibers and nanotubes production for good load transfer on the composite systems. 相似文献
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Maciej Sibiński Katarzyna Znajdek Sylwia Walczak Marcin Słoma Michał Górski Adam Cenian 《Materials Science and Engineering: B》2012,177(15):1292-1298
In the paper the mechanical, optical and electrical parameters of transparent conductive layers (TCLs) made of carbon nanotubes and metal conductive oxides are explored and compared. All investigated materials are deposited on transparent, flexible polymer foils used for solar cell applications. Obtained results are compared with available parameters of rigid transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) as well as literature reports about Indium–Tin Oxide (ITO) on flexible substrates. Presented paper is a report from the preliminary stage of a new flexible solar cell construction. 相似文献
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C. N. R. Rao Achutharao Govindaraj 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2009,21(42):4208-4233
Nanotubes constitute an exciting class of one‐dimensional nanomaterials of which carbon nanotubes are recognized widely as materials of importance. The possibility of having inorganic nanotubes was recognized early in the 1990s, accompanied by the report of nanotubes of MoS2 and WS2. Since then, nanotubes of several inorganic materials have been prepared and characterized. While nanotubes of metal chalcogenides and oxides form a high proportion of the inorganic nanotubes investigated hither to, nanotubes of many other materials have also been prepared and characterized. Several synthetic strategies including both physical and chemical methods have been employed, of which the use of templates, precursors, and hydro‐ or solvothermal methods are prominent. In this article, we shall present a brief account of the present status of the synthesis of nanotubes of elemental materials as well as binary and complex metal oxides, chalcogenides, pnictides and carbides. 相似文献
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气、光敏材料ZnO的掺杂改性研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
综述了多功能材料ZnO的气敏和光催化机理,分别介绍了为了改进ZnO的气敏性能和光催化性能而进行的掺杂改性措施,包括掺杂贵金属、普通金属离子、金属氧化物等,提出综合利用ZnO的气、光敏特性,选择合适的掺杂剂对ZnO进行修饰改性将是提高ZnO气敏元件性能的一个较好的方向. 相似文献
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Jiao Chen Zhang Wei-ke Su Fang-yuan Yang Hong-yan Liu Rui-xiang Chen Cheng-meng 《新型炭材料》2017,(2):106-115
Supercapacitors have great potential applications for electronic devices, and energy recyling and storage areas owing to their high power density, long cycle life, high safety and excellent performance at low temperatures. The electrode materials and electrolytes are two key factors that influence their performance. The electrode materials used in supercapacitors include carbon materials such as activated carbons, carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon nanofibers and carbon nano-onions, metal oxides, conductive polymers and their composites. The electrolytes are aqueous electrolytes, organic electrolytes or ionic liquids. Here research progress on the electrode materials and liquid electrolytes for supercapacitors is summarized, their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, and new electrode materials and electrolytes are suggested. 相似文献
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碳纳米管在超级电容器中的应用研究进展 总被引:6,自引:4,他引:6
超级电容器是近年来发展起来的一种新型储能装置。碳纳米管由于具有独特的中空结构,良好的导电性和高的比表面积,被认为是超级电容器理想的电极材料之一,引起了广泛的关注。通过介绍碳纳米管在超级电容器中的应用研究进展,评述了碳纳米管、活化碳纳米管、碳纳米管/金属氧化物复合物以及碳纳米管/导电聚合物复合物用做超级电容器电极材料的特点和性能。认为单纯的碳纳米管由于比表面积小,比容量偏低。化学活化可以显著提高碳纳米管的比表面积,增大其比电容。将碳纳米管与准电容材料金属氧化物或导电聚合物复合。可以发挥各自的优势,从而得到低成本、高性能的复合电极材料,将是今后发展的一个方向。 相似文献
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聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料研究进展 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料近年来引起人们广泛的关注。本文综述了聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料的研究进展,重点介绍了聚合物/碳纳米管复合材料的类型、制备方法及力学、电学和光学性能等。 相似文献
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The physical and biological limitations of current orthopaedic implant materials are a major challenge for bone tissue engineering. Nanotechnology has introduced new materials and methods for meeting this challenge. The application of nanotechnology to engineering new bone substitutes finds a model in the nanoscale components of natural bone tissue. Carbon nanotubes are a macromolecular form of carbon with exceptional properties and similar morphology and dimensions to the nanoscale collagen fibers of natural bone tissue. Carbon nanotubes have been used in two main areas of bone tissue engineering: for structural and electrical enhancement of polymer and ceramic composites and for nanostructured coatings to improve the bioactivity of implant surfaces. By incorporating carbon nanotubes into the design and engineering of bone tissue substitutes, researchers have attempted to overcome limitations in the structural and biological compatibility of traditional orthopaedic implant materials. 相似文献