酸吸收塔塔盘失效分析及改进

针对酸吸收塔塔盘失效的现象,分析了塔盘失效的主要原因。通过改变塔盘分布和支撑方式,解决了酸吸收塔塔盘的共振问题。塔盘改进后的塔设备运行了8个月,结果显示该塔运行良好,生产稳定。     

丁二烯萃取精馏塔塔釜死塔盘的改进

分析了造成了二烯萃取精馏塔塔釜死塔盘局部漏液和检修拆装困难的主要原因,重新设计出由卡板、螺栓和聚四氟乙烯混编盘根组成的死塔盘的联接与密封结构。结果表明,瓣组建的联接与密封结构消除了漏液现象,拆装简便,降低了劳动强度。     

焦油2次蒸发器塔盘的改进

我厂焦油加工系统设计加工能力为3万t／a.2次蒸发器为6层Φ1200mm泡罩塔盘。随着我厂的发展和无烟装煤在焦炉上的使用，焦油加工量达到4．5～5万t／a，焦油灰分增多，2次蒸发器频繁检修，影响了正常生产。     

氯化石蜡反应器换热设计的改进

讨论了石蜡氯化反应的放热规律，原反应器换热设计所存在的问题以及所作的改进。     

CO2再生塔底部塔盘破坏原因分析

某引进大型化肥装置中ＣＯ＿２再生塔在初次开车过程中，其底部塔盘发生了严重的挠曲破坏，紧固在支承环上的钩头螺栓，有一半被拉脱。对该事故的原因进行了分析、计算和论证，指出了事故发生的原因，并提出了有关建议以避免类似的事故再次发生。     

尿素塔节能高效塔盘的运行总结

介绍了尿素塔高效塔盘的应用情况,高效塔盘安装投运后,尿素转化率有了较大的提高,蒸汽消耗远低于设计值,达到了预期的目的。     

利用导向喷射塔盘改造两苯塔

应用导向喷射塔盘对两苯塔进行技术改造,取得了良好的效果。导向喷射塔盘可在塔径不变的情况下,通过改造塔盘达到提高生产能力的目的,充分体现导向喷射塔盘通量和处理能力大的特点。导向喷射塔盘效率高,可提高产品收率和降低能耗。改造后,粗苯处理能力提高,能够满足新增粗苯的加工要求,轻苯收率提高2%,产量增加200t/a,并节省蒸汽29%。     

复合塔板传质性能研究

在内径为 76mm的玻璃塔内 ,以乙醇 -水为试验物系 ,研究了复合塔板的传质性能。研究表明传质主要在塔板上的泡沫区及填料段的液膜区内进行 ,而淋降区的贡献甚小 ,并研究了影响复合塔板传质性能的诸因素 :塔板开孔率、孔径、填料类型及填料高度等 ,结果对复合塔板的设计具有一定的指导作用。     

传热膜系数测定及电算程序设计

以套管热交换器传热过程为例,通过测定流体在圆直管内作强制湍流状态下的有关数据,求取热对流一侧的传热膜系数,计算Nu与Re准数间的关系,确定出经验公式,编写出FoxPro源程序进行数据处理。     

含不凝气的蒸汽冷凝的传热计算与换热器设计

本文用传热及传质理论对不凝气－ 蒸汽混和气体的冷凝传热机理及计算方法进行了分析, 并介绍了在ＣＯ 原料气生产过程中的废热回收及冷却装置的设计过程中得到成功运用。     

基于中心复合设计的振荡热管传热性能分析

Oscillating heat pipes （OHPs） are very promising cooling devices. Their heat transfer performance is affected by many factors, and the form of the relationship between the performance and the factors is complex and non-linear. In this paper, the effects of charging ratio, inclination angle, and heat input and their interaction effects on heat transfer performance of a looped copper-water OHP are analyzed. First, suppose that the relationship between the response and the variables approximates a second-order model. And use the central composite design to arrange the experiment. Then, the method of least squares is used to estimate the parameters in the second-order model. Finally, multivariate variance analysis is used to analyze the model. The results show that the assumption is right, that is to say, the re- lationship is well modeled by a second-order function. Among the three main effect variables, the effect of inclination angle is the most significant, but their interaction effects are not significant. In the range of the considered factors, both the optimum charging ratio and the optimum inclination angle increase as the heating water flow rate increases.     

带夹套容器的传热设计

介绍带夹套容器的传热设计方法及关联式。     

延迟焦化装置转油线改造设计的应力分析

延迟焦化装置转油线特点是介质处于气液混相状态,温度高、流速快,温降和压力降要求要低,其管道布置是延迟焦化装置管道设计的关键部分。本文通过具体项目的改造设计,采用国际通用应力软件CAESARⅡ对焦化转油线管道应力进行静态分析,总结利用应力分析进行焦化转油线改造设计的要点,并对焦化转油线应力分析简化计算进行了探讨,为往后类似的改造设计的应力分析计算提供参考。     

利用计算流体力学及计算传质的方法研究精馏塔传质效率

It has long been found that the flow pattern of the liquid phase on distillation tray is of great importance on distillation process performance. But until now, there was very few published work on quantitative investigation of this subject. By combining the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with the mass transfer equation, a theoretical model is proposed for predicting the details of velocity and concentration distributions as well as the tray efficiency of distillation tray column. Using the proposed model, four different cases corresponding to different assumptions of liquid and vapor flowing condition for a distillation tray column were investigated. In Case I, the distributions of velocity and concentration of the incoming liquid from the downcomer and the uprising vapor from the underneath tray spacing are uniform. In Case Ⅱ, the distribution of the incoming liquid is non-uniform but the uprising vapor is uniform. In Case Ⅲ, the distribution of the incoming liquid is uniform but the uprising vapor is non-uniform.In Case IV, the distributions of both the incoming liquid and the uprising vapor are non-uniform. The details of velocity and concentration distributions on a multiple sieve tray distillation column in four different cases were simulated using the proposed model. It is found that the shape of the simulated concentration profiles of vapor and the liquid is quite different from case to case. The computed results also show that the tray efficiency is highly reduced by the maldistribution of velocity and concentration of the incoming liquid and uprising vapor. The tray efficiency for Case Ⅰ is higher than Case Ⅱ or Case Ⅲ, and that for Case Ⅳis the lowest. It also reveals that the accumulated effect of maldistribution becomes more pronounced when the number of column trays increased. The present study demonstrates that the use of computational method to predict the mass transfer efficiency for the tray column, especially for the large one, is feasible.     

板式塔管口方位设计技巧

板式塔管口方位的确定是配管设计的难点。从人孔、操作平台、仪表、分析管口以及内件管口与人孔的匹配等方面论述了板式塔管口方位的设计要点和配管技巧。     

废热回收器的设计改进

介绍了我公司新型废热回收器的设计参数、结构特点、性能以及设计中考虑的几个问题,该种废热回收器经用户安装投入使用后,得到了较好的评价。     

采用立体传质塔板对催化分馏塔扩量改造

综述了高效立体传质塔板的结构及特性。利用该型塔板对催化分馏塔进行扩量改造，改造后分馏塔的处理能力明显提高，操作状况及产品分布明显改善。