Neue Anlage zur Wärmerückgewinnung von Sprühtrocknungsanlagen

New Plant for Heat Recuperation of Spray Drying Plants A new heat exchange system is described, by which energy and costs can be saved. Hereby the thermo plates, developed by Elektrogeno AS, are of the greatest importance. The process-therm permits an easy application for all spray drying processes. Further application possibilities are found in heat recuperation from polluted waste air in nearly all industries.     

Verfahren zur Eliminierung und Rückgewinnung von Phosphor aus Abwasser

Future challenges for the wastewater treatment will be the compliance with low discharge limits for phosphorus and the recovery of phosphorus from wastewater. Under favourable wastewater conditions and optimal process operation the conventional P‐elimination techniques can reliably and economically achieve phosphorus discharge values of approximately 0.5 mg L^–1 P_total. Lower phosphorus discharge values are reached by optimization of available or implementation of advanced P‐elimination technologies. The possibilities for the phosphorus recovery are indicated on the basis of several processes. The present P‐elimination technology influences strongly the choice of the P‐recovery technique and the P‐recovery degree. On the other hand, the P‐recovery techniques can influence the operation of the wastewater treatment plant.     

Ein Beitrag zur Dünnschichtchromatographie von Aniontensiden

A Contribution to the Thin-Layer Chromatography of Anionic Surfactants Anionic surfactants and some nonionic surfactants are chromatographed on silica gel plates with tetrahydrofuran + acetone (1 + 9 v/v) as solvent, sprayed with a solution of pinacryptol yellow and examinated under ultraviolet light at 366 nm. The surfactants appear as coloured fluorescent spots on a pale blue background. The relative air humidity has a major influence, i. e. the water content of the silica gel layer, which can be fixed by preconditioning of the plate by the vapour of the solvent. A complete separation of alkane-/olefinesulfonate, cumene/xylene-/toluenesulfonate, alkylbenzenesulfonate, α-sulfofatty acid methylester, fatty alcohol sulfate, fatty alcohol ether sulfate, fatty acid diethanolamide, fatty acid monoethanolamide and soap can be attained. Thin-layer chromatograms of a range of mixtures fatty alcohol sulfate/fatty alcohol ether sulfate and several fatty alcohol ether sulfates with increasing content of ethylen oxide are discussed.     

Ein Beitrag zur Prüfung von Weichspülmitteln

A Contribution on the Examination of Rinsing Agents Containing Softeners Three determinations are important for the examination of the action of rinsing agents on laundry: 1. assay of the texture of textiles treated with rinsing agents containing softeners; 2. water uptake by textiles treated as above; and 3. antistatic action of rinsing agents containing softeners on synthetic and mixed fabrics. Various methods have been employed for the aforesaid determinations, and they have been compared using three well known commercial rinsing agents. The investigations have revealed that some of these methods yield good results that agree with practical evaluations, whereas several other methods are unsatisfactory. Therefore only certain methods should be chosen for such evaluations, if one aims at an objective assessment of rinsing agents.     

Ein automatisches dilatometer für versuche zur polymerisationskinetik

A dilatometer is described which does automatically the following work essential in kinetic investigations of polymerizations: Registering and plotting of the volume contraction of the sample (proportional to conversion) as a function of time, differentiation of the conversion-time curve and logarithmic plotting of the resulting rate of polymerization against time. Some examples are given to demonstrate the efficiency of the experimental set-up.