基于TRIZ的产品设计集成创新方法研究综述

发明问题的解决理论(TRIZ)的优点是能够为设计过程中遇到的冲突提供原理解,但其理论结构松散复杂,没有具体的产品开发设计流程.将TRIZ与其他创新理论相结合,建立产品设计的集成创新模型,使产品设计过程规律化、系统化与模型化具有重要的现实意义和理论研究价值.全面阐述与分析了TRIZ理论与公理化设计(AD)、质量功能展开(QFD)、约束理论(TOC)等主流设计理论及方法集成的研究现状,并展望了TRIZ与其他理论结合的发展趋势.     

TRIZ理论中ARIZ算法研究与应用

RRIZ理论中的ARIZ算法主要用于解决复杂问题,ARIZ集成了TRIZ的多个工具,给出了从问题分析到方案解评价的整个流程.文中在总结TRIZ理论的方法和观点基础上,阐述了ARIZ包含的概念和主导思想,介绍了ARIZ解决问题流程,并给出应用ARIZ解决问题的工程实例.     

产品创新设计方法中TRIZ和QFD的集成模式研究

针对TRIZ和QFD两种理论在工程设计中存在的主要问题,研究了基于QFD和TRIZ的集成创新设计模式。在对TRIZ冲突矩阵进行多层次分析的基础上,针对TRIZ问题确定能力缺乏的不足,借助QFD方法确定需要解决的问题,探寻了QFD方法中确定设计问题的几个典型位置,并在此基础上通过TRIZ理论的嵌入集成,有机融合TRIZ和QFD各自的优势,从而实现了一种QFD设计过程中多种设计问题的确定与创新求解方法,并给出详细的操作流程。最后通过实例说明该方法的有效性。     

TRIZ与六西格玛设计集成创新及问题定义阶段融合应用研究

针对目前TRIZ和六西格玛设计（DFSS）融合研究多停留在用TRIZ解决DFSS过程中存在的冲突,以及工程问题求解过程中关键问题无法识别的问题,急需将TRIZ与DFSS深入融合以解决工程实际问题。论证了TRIZ与DFSS融合的必要性和可行性;选取了DFSS的DMADV流程进行TRIZ工具的集成,构建了融合框架并阐述了其中核心关键技术;问题定义阶段是TRIZ和DFSS的重点融合阶段,提出了融合路线和实施步骤,并用柴油车辆供油系统设计实例加以验证。研究形成了一套完整可实施的TRIZ与DFSS融合创新方法,可为企业解决实际工程问题,为实现多方法融合创新应用提供新路径。     

TRIZ理论中问题解决工具的比较与应用

系统地分析了TRIZ理论中各种问题解决工具的特点，并总结了其各自擅长解决的问题类型为了有效地支持问题的创新解决过程，提出了将待解决问题基于“问题的原因”和“问题解决方向”两个维度，分为5种类型的问题分类方法。问题的解决过程是将此5类问题简化和相互转化的过程，并由此提出了针对不同类型的发明问题，系统的选择TRIZ理论问题解决工具进行创新设计的方法，从而支持基于TRIZ理论的综合创新过程。     

基于TRIZ理论的产品创新设计

源自前苏联的TRIZ理论是解决创新问题的理论.文中对TRIZ理论进行了阐述,对TRIZ理论在产品创新设计过程中的应用进行了探讨.应用该理论可快速有效地找到问题的解决方案,并以自行车的创新设计为例说明了TRIZ理论的应用方法和程序.     

TRIZ理论在产品概念设计中的应用研究

通过对概念设计的分析研究,阐述了TRIZ的理论体系及其简化的＂1141＂体系,归纳了TRIZ的理论基础和基本思想,介绍了基于TRIZ的产品概念设计过程模型,分析了TRIZ中技术冲突及物理冲突解决流程以及2种冲突解决原理之间的转化关系。基于TRIZ概念设计过程模型,将TRIZ中技术冲突解决原理及物理冲突解决原理应用于新型旋转展车台的概念设计中,并通过实验研究验证了TRIZ概念设计过程模型的正确性及可行性。     

基于TRIZ的数控机床进给系统改进创新设计

随着精密型机床的快速发展,数控机床对进给系统速度有了更高的要求,但高速运行的进给系统的定位精度易发生变化,针对这一问题,提出了基于TRIZ方法对机床进给系统改进的创新研究思路,通过TRIZ技术进化法则和功能导向搜索的系统改进设计方法,设计了基于TRIZ的系统问题的求解流程.应用该流程对机床进给系统进行改进,最终解决了高...     

基于约束理论的系统化创新思维方法

研究了约束理论(theory of constraints,TOC)和系统化创新思维方法(systematic inventive thinking,SIT)的基本原理,据此构造了基于约束理论的系统化创新思维方法模型,并针对该模型提出了基于上述的理论与方法集成模式的创新设计方法。该方法采用约束理论的当前实现树和冲突解决图表分析问题、定义冲突,并将分析结果用以辅助系统创新思维方法的重构。根据重构的问题选择系统化创新思维策略,从而选择并应用恰当的创新思维激励方法获得解决方案。最后通过实例分析,验证了该方法的可行性。     

应用TRIZ创新原理进行毕业设计多样化求解的研究与实践

毕业设计是人才培养过程中的关键环节,是检验理论知识、实践能力和创新能力的综合性教学活动,为了使学生扩宽知识、拓展思想的维度、提高理论应用能力,提出在毕业设计环节以TRIZ创新原理作为基础构建多样化求解的思路,并简化了TRIZ创新原理应用的标准流程,使用这种简化方法为学生在毕业设计中使用创新原理铺设了平缓的阶梯,更能够发挥TRIZ的导向与指引作用,进一步推动概念方案的形成。弧面分度凸轮是一种典型的间歇运动机构,在各种机械设备中发挥着重要作用,以弧面分度凸轮这一精密机械传动零件为例,进行多样化求解的实践研究,引导学生依据TRIZ创新原理的简化流程,分别采用分割原理、动态特性原理、反向作用原理开展设计,不仅能够得到精度较高的三维数字化模型,而且求解效率较高。实践结果表明,应用TRIZ创新理论形成的多样化求解方案提升了毕业设计的作品完成质量,同时促进了学生更全面的理解和掌握学科知识,具有一定的现实意义与推广价值。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.