几个影响PVA为粘合剂的光敏热成像材料感光性能的因素研究

本文以水性聚乙烯醇(PVA)为粘合剂，原位法合成的AgBr作为光敏元，考察了组分四氯邻苯二甲酸、酞嗪以及三溴甲基砜类防灰雾剂在体系不同pH值时对PTG材料感光性能的影响．实验结果表明：防灰雾剂可以明显地降低灰雾和减小最大密度；体系pH在7．0-7．5之间时，感光度最大，而灰雾随着体系pH的升高而增大．     

稳定剂和防灰雾剂在氯化银成像过程中的作用

采用在曝光前后用不同浓度的稳定剂(或防灰雾剂)溶液处理氯化银乳剂样片的方法,分别研究 了不同结构稳定剂(或防灰雾剂)对硫增感和硫加金增感氯化银成像、潜影形成以及显影的影响。     

感光乳剂防灰雾剂的应用研究

对国内 2种新型防灰雾剂在感光乳剂中进行应用研究及筛选。通过对照相性能的测定 ,阐明其防灰雾性能。     

新型亚磺酰胺类化合物作为卤化银乳剂稳定剂的研究

研究了新型亚磺酰胺类化合物与增感染料在实用卤化银乳剂中起增感与防灰雾作用。实验结果表明，在各种组份卤化银乳剂中，乳剂的感光度有明显的提高，灰雾被抑制，或对感光度和灰雾具有一致的理想效果。     

高感品乳剂化学成熟防灰雾体系及KI的稳定效果研究

介绍了品上层乳剂的新防灰雾体系 ,在化学成熟应用后 ,提高了SG10 0、SG2 0 0彩卷品上乳剂的稳定性。同时创造性地将KI作为稳定剂及防灰雾剂应用于SG4 0 0彩卷中 ,非常有效地抑制了灰雾上涨及感光度衰退     

氧化石墨烯对卤化银微晶乳剂的超增感效应

使用反馈式微机控制双注乳化仪,制得了溴碘化银微晶乳剂。在特定条件下,将一定量的氧化石墨烯分别在乳剂乳化后、化学增感过程和光谱增感过程中加入,获得3个系列经过掺杂增感后的乳剂。对其进行感光性能测试,结果表明:(1)氧化石墨烯在化学增感过程中具有有效的防灰雾效应,可作为防灰雾剂;(2)氧化石墨烯在化学增感过程中,在达到平衡后,具有一定的增感效应;(3)氧化石墨烯在光谱增感过程中,随着染料吸附时间增加,对乳剂的增感作用愈明显,具有增感效应和防灰雾功能。     

光敏热显成像材料概述

本文综述了近十多年来国际感光界关注热点之一的光敏热显成像材料（Photothermographic materials,简称PTG）的研究情况.重点介绍了羧酸银、卤化银、调色剂、防灰雾剂与稳定剂、光谱增感剂以及粘合剂等PTG材料的主要组分,并对PTG材料成像机理的研究情况进行了评述.     

高氯乳剂的稳定剂和防灰雾剂

本文综述了有关高氯乳剂稳定剂和防灰雾剂概况,尤其是近20年的文献报道．主要介绍了杂环化合物和磺酸盐化合物这两大类稳定剂和防灰雾剂,其中较为详细地分述了氮杂茚类和含巯基类杂环化合物作为稳定剂和防灰雾剂在高氯化银乳剂中的应用．     

直流极化法对溴化银T颗粒乳剂电性能的研究

采用Wagner直流极化法对溴化银T颗粒乳剂的电性能作了研究．研究结果表明，未经光照的溴化银T颗粒乳剂具有一定的电子电导率．与曝光后的溴化银T颗粒乳剂相比，未经光照的溴化银T颗粒乳剂具有更高的电子电导率．另外，在未经光照的卤化银乳剂微晶体中，如果添加防灰雾剂，其电子电导率会明显上升．感光乳剂电性能的变化反映出溴化银乳剂微晶体内自由电子与填隙银离子结合的状态．本文还从分子结构的角度探讨了四氮唑等防灰雾剂对溴化银乳剂微晶体自由电子与填隙银离子结合的阻滞作用．     

压力对X线胶片灰雾形成的影响

1 前言 灰雾是指感光材料未经曝光通过显影而产生的密度。产生灰雾的原因很多,一般认为在卤化银晶体内部聚集了能形成显影核的较大的中性银原子,它通过显影也能产生密度形成灰雾。灰雾既能在感光材料制造过程中产生,也能在胶片储存过程中和加工过程中产生。例如,在储存过程中,温湿度高、与硬物摩擦、受到压力均会引起灰雾;在加工过程中,安全灯不符合要求、显影配方选择不当、显影时间长、温度偏高、显影液中防灰雾剂量偏少也能引起灰雾。对X线胶片而言,投照条件不正确,如千伏过高或过低、毫安大小、焦距不当等都会产生灰雾。灰雾对X线照片质量的优劣有很大影响,灰雾严重的胶片给诊断带来很大困难,甚至会引起误诊,给病人造成麻烦。因此,对X线胶片灰雾产生的原因必须进行研究,并采取预防措施保证X线照片质量,满足诊断要求。 本课题研究的目的是试验压力怎样影响X线胶片灰雾的形成,找出压力大小与灰雾密度之间的关系,并找出胶片受压时间对灰雾形成的影响。(本文经李嘉明同志阅并提出宝贵意见,谨表谢意。)     

[Ru(CN)_6]~(3-)在溴碘化银T-颗粒乳剂中的掺杂

研究了K4犤Ru(CN)6犦掺杂剂对溴碘化银T-颗粒乳剂感光性能的影响,结果表明掺杂剂的掺杂量以及掺杂位置对乳剂的感光性能都有影响。当K4犤Ru(CN)6犦的掺杂量为3.1×10-8～3.1×10-9mol/g乳剂之间时,掺杂剂掺杂在乳剂的任意位置,乳剂感光度都有提高,表明K4犤Ru(CN)6犦是浅电子陷阱掺杂剂。掺杂位置接近表面或接近内核时效果相对较好,最佳的掺杂量为3.1×10-8mol/g乳剂。当掺杂剂的掺杂量小于3.1×10-10mol/g乳剂,且掺杂位置接近富碘区时,乳剂的感光度反而下降。     

一种新型水性塑胶涂料在彩电机壳上的应用

研究了自分散型纳米γ-AlOOH对水性塑胶涂料的影响。试验结果表明：在水性体系中,将自分散型纳米γ-AlOOH加入到水性塑胶涂料中,涂料的各种性能均有提高,自分散型纳米γ-AlOOH的添加量为1%时,涂膜的综合性能最好。并在彩电机壳上的应用取得了成功。     

Coating material of air sealing in coal mine: Clay composite slurry (CCS)

Coating technology is commonly utilized for the air leakage prevention in the roadway of coal mines in China because of low work load and high efficiency. However, traditional coating materials (e.g. concrete) and chemical materials (e.g. polyurethane foam) utilized for air leakage prevention and underground fire, are impracticable to be broadly utilized because of their difficult appliance, high transportation cost and high prices. In terms of the characteristics of underground coating technology, specific requirements for coating air-sealing materials were put forward. The optimized mixing ratio for clay composite slurry (CCS) based on clay, cement, additives (sodium silicate) and glass fibers was determined. The incombustibility of the material was verified using a self-made box test system. The micropore structure of the materials was determined with a micropore structure analyzer. The CCS coating material produced has excellent air sealing performance and very good fire resistance, air tightness, low dehydration, and crack prevention after coagulation in addition to the low cost. Moreover, it has very good application prospects for coating along gob-side roadways, sealed-wall and permanent maintenance roadway, etc.     

Studies on Performance of Cured Water-Borne Melamine–Acrylic Emulsion Coatings

In this study, water-borne coating formulations which could be cured quickly were prepared using acrylic emulsion as the major coating constituent and highly reactive melamine resin as curing agent, and further incorporating a variety of additives. Melamine and acrylic types, melamine/acrylic mass ratio in coating formulation, and curing temperature were found to influence the performance of cured coatings. When melamine resin etherified slightly with methanol was used as curing agent, melamine/acrylic mass ratio was 0.45 and the coating formulation was baked at 170°C for 30 s, it was observed that performance of cured coating was the best. FTIR was used to study molecular structural changes of coatings after curing, and to analyze the cure mechanism of the coating. DSC was used to study the range of temperature in which curing occurred. The water-borne coating prepared in this study could be cured quickly when it was applied on decorative paper surface and baked at high temperature. Performance properties of cured coatings were tested according to standard methods, it was observed that dry heat resistance, wet heat resistance, adhesion, pencil hardness, and stain resistance all met standard requirements.     

镀液中TiO2对（Ni-W-P）-TiO2复合镀层性能的影响

为了进一步提高Ni-W-P合金镀层的硬度和耐蚀性,用脉冲电沉积法制备了(Ni-W-P)-TiO2复合镀层,并研究了镀液中TiO2加入量对镀层硬度和表面形貌的影响,且通过极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱研究了镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能。结果表明,(Ni-W-P)-TiO2复合镀层的性能优于Ni-W-P镀层,而当镀液中TiO2质量浓度为6g/L时,复合镀层的硬度较高,表面形貌及耐蚀性能较优。自腐蚀电位较正,腐蚀电流密度较小,极化电阻较大,其交流阻抗谱对应的电阻值也较大。     

金银丝保护层涂料涂层厚度对其性能的影响

以PET薄膜为基材,用丙烯酸氨基树脂作保护层涂料制得了金银丝。研究了保护涂层厚度对金银丝耐酸碱蒸煮、耐有机溶剂、耐摩擦和柔韧性等性能的影响,实验结果表明涂层的最佳厚度为1.0μm左右。     

Optimization of acrylic polyols for low VOC two-component water reducible polyurethane coatings using tertiary isocyanate crosslinkers

Polyol development is critical in order to develop a two-component waterborne polyurethane coating that can attain a 250 g/l VOC while maintaining performance requirements. This paper discusses a statistical study to develop a 250 g/l, two-component water reducible polyurethane coating using a tertiary isocyanate crosslinker with dry times and reactivity equivalent to a two-component solventborne system. The effects of acrylic molecular weight, glass transition temperature (T_g), and hydroxyl concentration on viscosity and dry time have been analyzed and statistical models identified that describe the relationships between these experimental factors and responses. Contour plots show tradeoffs between obtaining a low viscosity resin and maintaining fast dry time of the applied formulation. The data from the statistical study suggests that it is difficult to achieve the overall performance desired for an automotive refinish system with the simple four-component acrylic system investigated. The addition of either a longer chain hydroxyl functional monomer or styrene in the acrylic polyol improved the overall performance of the system. Faster cure was also demonstrated with an alternate catalyst.     

共混法制备低摩擦聚氨酯复合涂层

选用自制聚氨酯、不同规格的聚乙烯蜡及有机硅为原料,采用共混的方法制备了聚氨酯复合涂层,通过测定摩擦系数、铅笔硬度、接触角及划痕试验、扫描电镜等表征手段研究了聚乙烯蜡含量及粒径和有机硅含量对涂层性能的影响。结果表明:聚乙烯蜡含量为1%~3%时,涂层的润滑性较好,且粒径越小对降低涂层摩擦系数越有利。有机硅含量为0.6%时,涂层的润滑效果最好。有机硅和聚乙烯蜡可对涂层润滑效果起到协同作用,且对涂层热性能、硬度、附着力等几乎没有影响。     

不同晶型CaCO3表面改性及CaCO3/PDMS超疏水涂层的制备

利用硬脂酸钠(NaSt)和油酸钠(NaOL)对文石型和方解石型两种CaCO₃粉体进行表面改性，将改性的CaCO₃粉体与聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)共混，喷涂得到了CaCO₃/PDMS基超疏水涂层。采用XRD、SEM、接触角测量仪对改性CaCO₃粉体及超疏水涂层进行测试，考察了不同晶型CaCO₃用量对涂层疏水性能的影响，并对超疏水涂层的自清洁性及稳定性进行了评价。结果表明，当NaSt和NaOL用量分别为反应体系CaCO₃理论生成质量的5%时，CaCO₃粉体改性效果最好，所制备的CaCO₃/PDMS涂层疏水性最佳。当CaCO₃和PDMS质量比为1.5∶1时，CaCO₃/PDMS涂层接触角>150°，具有超疏水性。玻璃板涂层表面的亚甲基蓝污染物可以完全随着液滴被冲走，没有残留，且经过500 m L流速5 m/s的水流冲击，接触角仍达140°以上。