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1.
Bi2O2Se oxyselenides, characterized with intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity and large Seebeck coefficient, are potential n‐type thermoelectric material in the mediate temperature range. Given the low carrier concentration of ~1015 cm?3 at 300 K, the intrinsically low electrical conductivity actually hinders further enhancement of their thermoelectric performance. In this work, the isovalent Te‐substitution of Se plays an effective role in narrowing the band gap, which notably increases the carrier concentration to ~1018 cm?3 at 300 K and the electron conduction activation energy has been lowered significantly from 0.33 to 0.14 eV. As a consequence, the power factor has been improved from 104 μW·K?2·m?1 for pristine Bi2O2Se to 297 μW·K?2·m?1 for Bi2O2Se0.96Te0.04 at 823 K. Meanwhile, the suppressed lattice thermal conductivity derives from the introduced point defects by heavier Te atoms. The gradually decreased phonon mean free path reflects the increasingly intense phonon scattering. Ultimately, the ZT value attains 0.28 for Bi2O2Se0.96Te0.04 at 823 K, an enhancement by a factor of ~2 as compared to that of pristine Bi2O2Se. This study has demonstrated that Te‐substitution of Se could synergistically optimize the electrical and thermal properties thus effectively enhancing the thermoelectric performance of Bi2O2Se.  相似文献   

2.
《Ceramics International》2020,46(15):24162-24172
This work reports the pulsed laser deposition of n-type selenium (Se) doped bismuth telluride (Bi2Te2.7Se0.3) and n-type bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) nanostructures under varying substrate temperatures. The influence of the substrate temperature during deposition on the structural, morphological and thermoelectric properties for each phase was investigated. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations were employed to study the electronic structures of the unit-cells of the compounds as well as their corresponding partial and total densities of states. Surface and structural characterization results revealed highly crystalline nanostructures with abundant grain boundaries. Systematic comparative analysis to determine the effect of Se inclusion into the Bi2Te3 matrix on the thermoelectric properties is highlighted. The dependence of the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of the nanostructures on the substrate temperatures during deposition was demonstrated. The remarkable room temperature thermoelectric power factor (PF) of 2765 μW/mK2 and 3179 μW/mK2 for pure and Se-doped Bi2Te3 compounds respectively, signifies their potential of being useful in cooling and power generation purposes. The room temperature ZT values of the Se-doped Bi2Te3 was found to be 0.92, about 30% enhancement as compared with the pure phase, which evidently results from the suppressed thermal conductivity in the doped species caused by phonon scattering at the interfaces.  相似文献   

3.
N‐type Bi2O2Se has a bright prospect for mid‐temperature thermoelectric applications on account of the intrinsically low thermal conductivity. However, the low carrier concentration of Bi2O2Se (~1015 cm?3) severely limits its thermoelectric performance. Herein, the boosting of the carrier concentration to ~1019 cm?3 can be realized in our La‐doped Bi2O2Se ceramic samples, which could be ascribed to the formation of isoelectronic traps and the narrowing of band gap, and contribute to a marked increase in the electrical conductivity (from 0.03 S cm?1 to 182 S cm?1). Our X‐ray absorption near‐edge structure spectra results reveal that a local disordering of oxygen atoms could be an important reason for the intrinsically low thermal conductivity of Bi2O2Se, and the point defects can also suppress the lattice thermal conductivity in La‐doped Bi2O2Se. The ZT value can be enhanced by a factor of ~4.5 to 0.35 at 823 K for Bi1.98La0.02O2Se as compared to the pristine Bi2O2Se. The coordinated optimization of electrical and thermal properties demonstrates an effective method for the rational design of high‐performance thermoelectric materials.  相似文献   

4.
《Ceramics International》2023,49(16):26982-26993
Scalable synthetic approach for superior performance of thermoelectric (TE) materials is a crucial step for the TE technology progress. Herein, reduced graphene oxide (RGO), carbon nitride (g-C 3N4) and europium (Eu) are utilized as additives to bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) matrix to prepare various novel nanocomposites (NCs): (RGO@Bi1.8Te3Eu0.2) and (RGO-g-C3N4@Bi1.8Te3Eu0.2) with an enhanced TE performance. The novel NCs were synthesized via solvothermal method, physiochemically characterized and consolidated into pellets of 1 mm thickness to measure their TE properties. The new additives potentially affected the physicochemical and TE properties of Bi2Te3. Nanostructured hexagonal nanoplatelets with 12.5 nm thickness were observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) of the synthesized Bi2Te3. This thickness shrinked to 5.7 and 5.2 nm upon the formation of (RGO@Bi1.8Te3Eu0.2) and (RGO-g-C3N4@Bi1.8Te3Eu0.2) NCs, respectively. Energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) of NCs proved the existence of Bi, Te, C, Eu and N atoms. Raman and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra confirmed the NC formation that led to narrowing the energy band gap of Bi2Te3 as displayed by UV–Vis spectra. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller showed specific surface area expansion of Bi2Te3 from 6.78 to 19.00 and 16.75 m2g-1 of (RGO@Bi1.8Te3Eu0.2) and (RGO-g-C3N4@Bi1.8Te3Eu0.2) NCs, respectively. The electrical conductivity of Bi2Te3 rose by 56 and 69 times, whereas its thermal conductivity significantly dropped by 1.6 and 1.7 times upon (RGO@Bi1.8Te3Eu0.2) and (RGO-g-C3N4@Bi1.8Te3Eu0.2) NCs formation. Owing to extra channels of carrier transfer and phonon scattering induced by NCs heterointerfaces. Novel combination of carbon-based materials and Eu with Bi2Te3 matrix boosts its TE performance resulting in a worthy candidate for power generation applications at room-temperature.  相似文献   

5.
A novel and simple approach was used to disperse Cu nanoparticles uniformly in the Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 matrix, and the thermoelectric properties were evaluated for the Cu-dispersed Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3. Polycrystalline Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 powder prepared by encapsulated melting and grinding was dry-mixed with Cu(OAc)2 powder. After Cu(OAc)2 decomposition, the Cu-dispersed Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 was hot-pressed. Cu nanoparticles were well-dispersed in the Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 matrix and acted as effective phonon scattering centers. The electrical conductivity increased systematically with increasing level of Cu nanoparticle dispersion. All specimens had a positive Seebeck coefficient, which confirmed that the electrical charge was transported mainly by holes. The thermoelectric figure of merit was enhanced remarkably over a wide temperature range of 323-523 K.  相似文献   

6.
Highly oriented Bi2-xSbxTe3 (x?=?0, 0.7, 1.1, 1.5, 2) ternary nanocrystalline films were fabricated using vacuum thermal evaporation method. Microstructures and morphologies indicate that Bi2-xSbxTe3 films have pure rhombohedral phase with well-ordered nanopillars array. Bi, Sb and Te atoms uniformly distributed throughtout films with no precipitation. Electrical conductivity of Bi2-xSbxTe3 films transforms from n-type to p-type when x?>?1.1. Metal-insulator transition was observed due to the incorporation of Sb in Bi2Te3. Bi2-xSbxTe3 film with x?=?1.5 exhibits optimized electrical properties with maximum electrical conductivity σ of 2.95?×?105 S?m?1 at T?=?300?K, which is approximately ten times higher than that of the undoped Bi2Te3 film, and three times higher than previous report for Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 films and bulk materials. The maximum power factor PF of Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 nanopillars array film is about 3.83?μW?cm?1 K?2 at T?=?475?K. Highly oriented (Bi,Sb)2Te3 nanocrystalline films with tuned electronic transport properties have potentials in thermoelectric devices.  相似文献   

7.
We show that certain three-dimensional (3D) superlattice nanostructure based on Bi2Te3 topological insulator thin films has better thermoelectric performance than two-dimensional (2D) thin films. The 3D superlattice shows a predicted peak value of ZT of approximately 6 for gapped surface states at room temperature and retains a high figure of merit ZT of approximately 2.5 for gapless surface states. In contrast, 2D thin films with gapless surface states show no advantage over bulk Bi2Te3. The enhancement of the thermoelectric performance originates from a combination of the reduction of lattice thermal conductivity by phonon-interface scattering, the high mobility of the topologically protected surface states, the enhancement of Seebeck coefficient, and the reduction of electron thermal conductivity by energy filtering. Our study shows that the nanostructure design of topological insulators provides a possible new way of ZT enhancement.  相似文献   

8.
CNT/Bi2Te3 composites were prepared from composite powders in which CNTs were implanted in the Bi2Te3 matrix powders by a novel chemical route. It was found that the fabricated composite had a microstructure of a homogeneous dispersion of CNTs in the Bi2Te3 matrix due to interfacial bonding agents of oxygen atoms attaching to the surface of CNTs. The dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) of the composite shows significantly increased values compared to those of pure binary Bi2Te3 in the temperature range of 298–498 K and a maximum ZT of 0.85 was obtained at 473 K. It is considered that the improved thermoelectric performance of the composite mainly originated from thermal conductivity that was reduced by active phonon-scattering at the CNT/Bi2Te3 interface.  相似文献   

9.
Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 compound has been considered as an efficient n-type room-temperature thermoelectric (TE) material. However, the large-scale applications for low-quality energy harvesting were limited due to its low energy-conversion efficiency. We demonstrate that TE performance of Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 system is optimized by 2D Ti3C2Tx additive. Here, a 43% reduction of electrical resistivity is obtained for the nanocomposites at 380 K, originating from the increased carrier concentration. Consequently, the g = 0.1 sample shows a maximum power factor of 1.49 Wmm?1K?2. Meanwhile, the lattice thermal conductivity for nanocomposite samples is reduced from 0.77 to 0.41 Wm?1K?1 at 380 K, due to the enhanced phonon scattering induced by the interfaces between Ti3C2Tx nanosheets and Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 matrix. Therefore, a peak ZT of 0.68 is achieved at 380 K for Bi2Te2.7Se0.3/0.1 wt% Ti3C2Tx, which is enhanced by 48% compared with pristine sample. This work provides a new route for optimizing TE performance of Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 materials.  相似文献   

10.
《Ceramics International》2016,42(16):17972-17977
MoS2 nanosheets with size of several-hundred nanometers were prepared by a hydrothermal intercalation/exfoliation method, then MoS2/Bi2Te3 composite nanopowders were prepared by a microwave-assisted wet chemical method using the MoS2 nanosheets, TeO2, Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, KOH and ethylene glycol as raw materials. Bulk MoS2/Bi2Te3 nanocomposites were prepared by hot pressing the MoS2/Bi2Te3 composite nanopowders with MoS2 nanosheet content ranging from 0 to 17 wt% at 80 MPa and 648 K in vacuum. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses indicate that MoS2 and Bi2Te3 did not react each other during the hot pressing. FESEM observation reveals that the MoS2/Bi2Te3 composite samples had a more compact microstructure than the pristine Bi2Te3 bulk sample. The MoS2 phase was relatively randomly dispersed in the composite. At a given temperature, the electrical conductivity of the composites increases first then decreases as the MoS2 content increases, whereas the Seebeck coefficient of the bulk nanocomposites does not change much. A highest power factor, ~18.3 μW cm−1 K−2 which is about 30% higher than that of pristine Bi2Te3 sample, at 319 K has been achieved from a nanocomposite sample containing 6 wt% MoS2.  相似文献   

11.
To obtain p-type Bi–Sb–Te-based thin films with excellent thermoelectric performance, the Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 target is prepared by combining mechanical alloying with the spark plasma sintering technique. Afterward, Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 thin films are deposited via magnetron sputtering at variable working pressures. With an increasing working pressure, the frequency of collisions between the argon ions and sputtered atoms gradually increases, the preferred orientation of (00l) increases, and the sputtering rate decreases. The Seebeck coefficient increases from ∼140 μV/K to ∼220 μV/K as the carrier concentration decreases along with an increasing working pressure. Furthermore, the decrease in carrier concentration and acceleration of carrier mobility also affect the change in electrical conductivity. The maximum power factor of the p-type Bi0.4Sb1.6Te3 thin film deposited at 4.0 Pa and at room temperature exceeds 20.0 μW/cm K2 and is higher than that of most p-type Bi–Sb–Te-based films.  相似文献   

12.
This study investigated the correlation between the electrical conductivity and the micro and nanomorphology of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/epoxy nanocomposites with and without the inorganic fillers montmorillonite (MMT), sepiolite and calcium carbonate (CaCO3). The nanocomposites were prepared by dispersing the MWCNT and fillers through ultrasonication directly in the resin or solvent. For nanocomposites without fillers, the compositions prepared with solvent demonstrated higher electrical conductivities, which correlate with a microscale morphology formed by networks of highly interconnected MWCNT agglomerates. The addition of MMT induced a deleterious effect on the electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites since this filler hinders the formation of MWCNT agglomerate networks. The effect of sepiolite on electrical conductivity is also negative, but in this case, nonmorphological effects are likely of greater importance. The addition of CaCO3 improved the electrical conductivity of the binary nanocomposites under specific conditions. For this filler, a synergic effect was achieved for the composition prepared with solvent, which resulted in an approximately sixfold increase in electrical conductivity relative to the nanocomposite without filler.  相似文献   

13.
Elemental composition, crystal and grain structures, specific electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, thermal conductivity, and thermoelectric figure-of-merit of n-type grained Bi1.9Gd0.1Te3 compounds, spark-plasma-sintered at TS = 690, 720, 750, 780 and 810 K, have been studied. All the samples are highly textured along the 001 direction parallel to the pressing direction. The average grain size measured along the pressing direction is much less as compared to the average grain size measured in the perpendicular direction. A strong anisotropy in the transport properties measured along directions parallel and perpendicular to the pressing direction was found within the 290 ÷ 630 K interval. Electrical resistivity decreases and thermal conductivity increases for parallel orientation as compared to these properties for perpendicular orientation. The TS - effect on thermoelectric figure-of-merit of textured Bi1.9Gd0.1Te3 compounds has been found and analyzed. Highest thermoelectric figure-of-merit (∼0.75) was observed for sample with TS = 750 K at perpendicular orientation.  相似文献   

14.
In this study, a modified hydrothermal method is reported for the preparation of Sb2Te3 and Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 nanoplates and their bulk samples was prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The crystal structure, morphology, and thermoelectric properties were investigated. The microstructure results indicate that the bulk samples consisted nanograins after SPS. The presence of nanograins, high Seebeck coefficient (181 μV/K), high electrical conductivity (763 Ω?1 cm?1), and low thermal conductivity (1.15 W/mK) has been achieved in Sb2Te3 nanoplate bulk samples. As a result, the dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) of 0.55 at 400 K was achieved. Moreover, the peak ZT shifted to higher temperature compared with other reported results found in literature.  相似文献   

15.
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was used to prepare nanocomposites of multi‐wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and functionalized carbon nanotubes (MWCNT‐NH2) in existence of 2‐carboxyethyl acrylate oligomers (CEA). Radiation‐induced crosslinking of the prepared matrix was carried out via gamma and ion beam irradiation. A comparative study of gamma and ion beam irradiation effect on the electrical conductivity of nanocomposite was conducted. The gelation of the gamma irradiated matrix outperforms the ion beam irradiated matrix. The order of gelation is PVA > (PVA/CEA) > (PVA/CEA)‐MWCNT > (PVA/CEA)‐MWCNT‐NH2. There is a significant reduction in the swelling of the nanocomposite. The formation of nanocomposites was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray (EDX) and FTIR examinations. The direct current electrical properties of PVA/nanocomposites are examined at room temperature by applying electric voltage from 1 to 20 V. The results revealed that the electrical conductivity is increased by adding the carbon nanotubes and irradiation by gamma and ion beam. At an applied electric voltage 20 V, in the electrical conductivity of the unirradiated PVA was from 9.20 × 10?8 S cm?1. After adding MWCNT an increase up to 4.70 × 10?5 S cm?1 was observed. While after ion beam irradiation, a further increase up to 9.30 × 10?5 S cm?1 was noticed. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46146.  相似文献   

16.
We discover a simple scalable (10?g scale for one batch in this study) route of synthesizing Bi2Te3 nanocomposites in aqueous solution with high yield at room temperature without involving any organic chemicals, capping agents, and surfactants. It is conceivable that the formation mechanism involves interaction between elemental Bi and Te, which takes place at a very slow rate and takes about 2 weeks to form Bi2Te3. Heat treatment of Bi2Te3 nanocomposite yields a single phase of Bi2Te3 with the relatively high power factor of 24.2?μW/cm?K2 at 425?K compared to other solution methods.  相似文献   

17.
Foaming behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) nanocomposites and thermally‐insulating, electrical, and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite foams are investigated. PMMA/MWCNT nanocomposites containing various amounts of MWCNTs are first prepared by combining solution and melt blending methods, and then foamed using CO2. The foaming temperature and MWCNT content are varied for regulating the structure of PMMA/MWCNT nanocomposite foams. The electrical conductivity measurement results show that MWCNTs have little effect on the electrical conductivity of foams with large expansion ratio. Thermal conductivities of both solid and foamed PMMA/MWCNT nanocomposites are measured to evaluate their thermally insulating properties. The gas conduction, solid conduction, and thermal radiation of the foams are calculated for clarifying the effects of cellular structure and MWCNT content on thermal insulation properties. The result demonstrates that MWCNTs endowed foams with enhanced thermal insulation performance by blocking thermal radiation. Moreover, the compressive testing shows that MWCNTs improve the compressive strength and rigidity of foams. This research is essential for optimizing environmentally friendly thermal insulation nanocomposite foams with enhanced thermal‐insulation and compressive mechanical properties.  相似文献   

18.
To improve the thermoelectric properties of n-type Bi2S3 materials, a certain amount of SbCl3 were added into Bi2S3 materials by a conventional melting method combined with plasma activated sintering (PAS) process. The Bi2S3-based materials evolve from the lamellar- to particle-like structures after SbCl3 doping. The phonon scattering has strong enhancement through the increased grain boundaries and in-situ Bi2S3 nanoprecipitates, resulting in the low lattice thermal conductivity. Meanwhile, the high power factor is achieved because of the marked increase in the electrical conductivity. Hence, the synergistic effect of antimony and chlorine substitutions not only contribute to reduce the thermal conductivity but also tune the electrical transport properties, yielding a peak ZT value of ∼ 0.65 at 773 K for the Bi2S3-1%SbCl3 sample.  相似文献   

19.
An electrochemical deposition technique based on co-deposition was used to deposit preferentially oriented Bi2Te3 nanostructures (nanofilm, and nanowire). The shared underpotential deposition (UPD) potentials for both Bi and Te co-deposition were determined by cyclic voltammetric measurements. The scanning probe microscopy (scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM)) and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) data indicated that the electrodeposition of Bi2Te3 results in nanofilm-structured deposits with a preferential orientation at (0 1 5) and nanowired-structured deposits with a preferential orientation at (1 1 0) in acidic and basic (in the presence of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)) medium, respectively. The results show that the nucleation and growth mechanism follows 3D mode in acidic solutions and 2D mode in basic solution containing EDTA additive. The optical characterization performed by reflection absorption Fourier transform infrared (RA-FTIR) spectroscopy showed that the band gap energy of Bi2Te3 nanostructures depends on the thickness, size, and shape of the nanostructures and the band gap increases as the deposition time decreases. Moreover, the quantum confinement is strengthened in the wire-like deposits relative to the film-like deposits. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis demonstrated that Bi2Te3 nanostructures were always in 2:3 stoichiometry, and they were made up of only pure Bi and Te.  相似文献   

20.
The powder metallurgical techniques capable of powder mass production but lacks in achieving high zT. Therefore, to improve zT, electroless surface coating was performed on water atomized Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 (BST) powder and stimulated their conducting nature. Surface chemical composition studies displays fine elemental coating on the BST powders and remarkably, the Seebeck coefficient increased till 450 K. The surface coated bulk sample shows greatly improved power factor about ~45% higher than uncoated sample. Indeed, at high temperature we obtained reduced lattice thermal conductivity which confirms the remarkable suppression of bipolar thermal conductivity. Consequently, a maximum zT of 1.16 at 400 K achieved by coated samples which is ~102% enhancement compared to original BST. Also, we attained high average zT of ~0.99 which helps in employing thermoelectric devices across wide temperature. Therefore, electroless surface coating could be a feasible method for improving the properties of mass-produced BST powder.  相似文献   

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