建立磷矿经济评价数据模型推动磷酸生产向精准方向迈进

在磷肥生产与消费量增长、磷资源短缺的形势下,一些磷酸磷肥企业面临着用多矿种、低品住磷矿生产的现实,不同矿种在生产中所要求的工艺条件不同,所产生的效益也不同.通过建立磷酸生产中"磷矿经济评价数据模型",对不同磷矿的经济性进行评价,指导磷酸精准生产.使磷矿的综合利用率与企业的效益都达到最佳.     

聚丙烯连续本体聚合的新工艺

介绍我国自行开发的聚丙烯连续本体聚合新工艺(SPG PP)具有,丙烯单耗低,能耗低,丙烯单程转化率高,催化剂利用率高,设备生产效率高,对不同催化剂适应性强,产品质量好,单线生产能力大等特点。适用于间歇装置的改造,也适用于新建装置,若能使国内众多间歇本体聚合相继改造成SPGPP工艺生产装置,将使这些装置的生产水平跃上一个新台阶。     

低盐重灰生产路径的选择

针对连云港碱厂的生产实际,对通过低盐轻灰和普通轻灰两种不同路径生产0.3%低盐重灰进行优缺点对比和成本计算,提出不同企业要根据自身特定情况,选择合适的途径生产低盐重灰。     

浅谈低盐重质纯碱生产对纯碱消耗的影响

通过选择合适的生产阶段,对采用不同方式生产低盐重质纯碱的消耗进行对比,将低盐重质纯碱生产对纯碱消耗的影响加以量化。     

延长低渗油藏井生产周期策略与应用

低渗油藏主要存在储层物性差,渗透率低,微裂缝发育,导致单井自然产能低。伴随着经济社会的不断发展,能源已经成为了各国和各级政府极其关注的对象。在我国,除了石油进口,国内石油的开采量也不断加大。低渗油田存在着开采难度大、生产周期短的问题,因此,延长低渗油藏井生产周期对油田增产有重要作用。本文将通过对低渗透储层特征、开发现状等问题进行探索,通过分析低渗油藏的低产机理,针对不同的油藏区块,不同的开发阶段,制定了相应的油田开发技术对策;同时根据油田开发实际,不断完善相应的提高低产井产量配套技术,使油井产量得以持续提高。     

RFC预分解窑使用高硅砂岩生产低碱水泥

采用高硅砂岩配料在RFC预分解窑上生产低碱水泥,并采取有效措施,使生产中出现的熟料难烧,fCaO偏高等现象得以改善,生产出质优,成本低的低碱水泥。     

工艺路线对缝纫线用涤纶长丝结构性能的影响

分析了经三种不同工艺路线生产的缝纫线用高强低缩、低伸型涤纶长丝的物理性能与微观结构,指出了针对不同档次产品的需求,可以选用不同的工艺路线。     

对钛液稳定性改进的分析方法的研究

分析了硫酸法钛白生产中,硫酸氧钛溶液的稳定性的分析方法存在着有效性较差、精度低的不足,既无法体现不同批次钛液事实存在的质量差异,也无法满足生产上对质量精益管理的要求。本文根据目前钛白生产的控制和要求,从影响钛液的稳定性的各项因素进行分析,对钛液原有的分析方法进行了改进,使之更能满足生产和质量控制的要求。     

配制BB肥用辅料的生产技术

由于以高浓度粒状基础原料生产不同配比BB肥时,需要外加低浓度填充料,介绍生产低氮(或者低氮磷)粒状肥与低钾(或低钾磷)粒状肥(称辅料)的生产技术,并可加入所需微量元素,同时介绍了利用这种辅料配制BB肥(14912,151515)的配料比。     

利用江西朝阳低品位磷矿粉生产合格品过磷酸钙

2007年,硫酸价格一路上扬,导致过磷酸钙生产成本上升,利润缩小;另一方面,高品位的磷矿粉短缺,更使磷肥生产企业举步维艰。面对严峻的形势,必须开发利用低品位磷矿粉生产出合格的过磷酸钙产品。现介绍利用江西朝阳低品位磷矿粉生产过磷酸钙合格品的生产工艺。     

Dismantlable adhesion properties of reactive acrylic copolymers resulting from cross-linking and gas evolution

ABSTRACT

The acrylic copolymers involving 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and tert-butyl acrylate (tBA) units as reactive units behave as pressure-sensitive adhesive type dismantlable adhesive materials. In order to clarify the individual role of HEA and tBA units on dismantlability, the 180° peel behavior after the dismantling treatment, i.e., heating in the presence of given amount of acid catalysts, was systematically investigated using the acrylic copolymers involving different amounts of the reactive units. It was revealed that transesterification of HEA units resulted in an increase in the cohesive force and modulus due to an increase in the molecular weight and cross-linking. Deprotection of tBA units, i.e., transformation of tBA to acrylic acid (AA) unit with isobutene evolution, promoted cross-linking by the esterification of AA units and tended to reduce a cohesive force by forming voids in the adhesive layer due to the evolution of isobutene gas. Interfacial failure in the peel tests corresponded with a high degree of cross-linking and increased modulus of the adhesive. Conversely, cohesive failure was associated with reduced cohesive strength of the adhesive layer and a low peel strength.     

聚氨酯改性糠酮环氧胶的研究

利用聚氨酯预聚体PU中活泼的-N=C=O与糠酮树脂中的羟基等含活泼氢的基团在有机锡催化下合成了聚氨酯接枝改性糠酮环氧结构胶粘剂。结果表明,以双丙酮醇代替丙酮合成的PU改性糠酮环氧胶在改性胺和催化剂作用下具有简便的合成工艺、较低的起始粘度和良好的施工操作性能,并具有较高强度和弹性,压缩强度高达92.7MPa,屈服应变10%,破坏压缩形变大于20%,对非极性聚乙烯的拉伸剪切粘接强度提高一倍以上。     

调整工艺条件降低脲醛胶生产的操作成本

根据生成脲醛树脂的反应机理和反应特性,对生产周期的控制步骤——缩聚阶段的工艺条件进行调整,采用在不同反应阶段调整不同工艺条件的方法,使整个反应周期由原来的6．0h缩短到5．0h,从而提高设备利用率、降低生产的操作成本,同时因充分利用反应自身放出的热量,可降低生产能耗。     

耐热性乳液型丙烯酸酯压敏胶的合成

采用种子乳液聚合法合成丙烯酸酯压敏胶，利用自交联单体N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺（NMA）提高其耐热性能，并采用反应型乳化剂DNS-86进一步提高压敏胶综合性能。研究了不同软硬单体用量比和功能单体配比对压敏胶性能的影响，探讨了自交联功能单体用量压敏胶耐热性能的影响，讨论了反应性乳化剂用量对压敏胶性能的贡献。结果表明：以最佳配方所制备出的乳液型压敏胶，其180°耐热剥离强度达到220N／m，耐热初粘力为11号钢球，耐热持粘力大于36h，固体质量分数为50％，粘度为460mPa·s。     

Effect of a reactive interfacial agent on the properties of a nitrile-rubber-modified epoxy film adhesive

Reactive interfacial agents are often used to homogenise the morphology of immiscible polymer blends and to improve the level of adhesion between the phases to achieve enhanced properties. This paper demonstrates the ability of hydroxyl methyl bisphenol A (HMBPA) to function as a reactive interfacial agent (compartibilizer) in a nitrile-epoxy film adhesive made from nitrile rubber (NBR) and solid epoxy resin blend. The curing of the adhesive film was achieved at 170° C by adding dicyandiamide, a latent curing agent for epoxy resin, and rubber vulcanising agents. Hydroxyl methyl bisphenol A resins with different hydroxyl methyl content, synthesised by the base-catalysed reaction of bisphenol A and formaldehyde in various mole ratios, were used to compatibilize a blend of nitrile rubber (NBR) and epoxy resin 50/50wt/wt. The effect of addition of HMBPA on the morphology, adhesive, thermal, and mechanical properties of the adhesive film was investigated. The nitrile-epoxy adhesive films were characterised by measurements of adhesive joint strength, stress-strain properties, DSC, TGA, TMA, DMA, and SEM. Results revealed that significant improvement in joint strength occurred at low levels of HMBPA, and the optimum strength was obtained at about 15 wt% of HMBPA in the blend. The hydroxyl methyl content in HMBPA was found to influence the properties of the adhesive film. The concept of strengthening the interphase between NBR and epoxy through the coupling reactions of HMBPA was used for interpreting the results. The effect of addition of silica, alumina, and aluminium fillers on the properties of the nitrile-epoxy adhesive film was also studied, and a comparison of properties with and without HMBPA is presented.     

EFFECT OF A REACTIVE INTERFACIAL AGENT ON THE PROPERTIES OF A NITRILE-RUBBER-MODIFIED EPOXY FILM ADHESIVE

Reactive interfacial agents are often used to homogenise the morphology of immiscible polymer blends and to improve the level of adhesion between the phases to achieve enhanced properties. This paper demonstrates the ability of hydroxyl methyl bisphenol A (HMBPA) to function as a reactive interfacial agent (compartibilizer) in a nitrile-epoxy film adhesive made from nitrile rubber (NBR) and solid epoxy resin blend. The curing of the adhesive film was achieved at 170° C by adding dicyandiamide, a latent curing agent for epoxy resin, and rubber vulcanising agents. Hydroxyl methyl bisphenol A resins with different hydroxyl methyl content, synthesised by the base-catalysed reaction of bisphenol A and formaldehyde in various mole ratios, were used to compatibilize a blend of nitrile rubber (NBR) and epoxy resin 50/50wt/wt. The effect of addition of HMBPA on the morphology, adhesive, thermal, and mechanical properties of the adhesive film was investigated. The nitrile-epoxy adhesive films were characterised by measurements of adhesive joint strength, stress-strain properties, DSC, TGA, TMA, DMA, and SEM. Results revealed that significant improvement in joint strength occurred at low levels of HMBPA, and the optimum strength was obtained at about 15 wt% of HMBPA in the blend. The hydroxyl methyl content in HMBPA was found to influence the properties of the adhesive film. The concept of strengthening the interphase between NBR and epoxy through the coupling reactions of HMBPA was used for interpreting the results. The effect of addition of silica, alumina, and aluminium fillers on the properties of the nitrile-epoxy adhesive film was also studied, and a comparison of properties with and without HMBPA is presented.     

美伽姆（MEGUM）系列粘合剂的新进展

美伽姆系列粘合剂是德国谢梅塔尔公司（ＣＨＥＭＥＴＡＬＬＧＭＢＨ）生产的具有国际先进水平的高科技产品，适用于多种橡胶与金属及塑料的热硫化粘合。本文着重介绍其基本性能，以及为适应环保需求、适应快速硫化、改善粘合剂膜柔韧性、解决低反应性橡胶难以粘合等问题而开发的新型牌号及其特点。     

Improvement of adhesion and long‐term adhesive reliability of liquid crystalline polyester film by plasma treatment

Surface modification of thermotropic liquid crystalline aromatic polyester (LCP) films was examined by low‐pressure plasma treatment to improve initial adhesion and long‐term adhesive reliability between the LCP film and an epoxy bonding sheet for printed circuit boards. Plasma irradiation was carried out in various plasma gases with different plasma modes as reactive‐ion‐etching (RIE), direct‐plasma (DP) with pressures ranging from 4.0 to 26.6 Pa. Although the initial adhesion of the DP‐treated film increased, the long‐term adhesive reliability estimated by pressure cooker test (PCT) decreased with decreasing the plasma gas pressure in every gas. The higher concentration of the generated polar groups such as phenolic hydroxyl group and carboxyl group enhanced the initial adhesion by the increase in the chemical interaction; however, it damaged the long‐term adhesive reliability due to the acceleration of the penetration of water molecules into the interface. The large surface roughness was effective to enhance the initial adhesion and the long‐term adhesive reliability. The RIE‐treatment generated the polar groups and the larger surface roughness than the DP‐treatment. The RIE‐treatment in the O₂ atmosphere at the gas pressure of 13.3 Pa was the best plasma condition for both the initial adhesion and the long‐term adhesive reliability. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008     

Spectroscopic,thermal, and mechanical characterization of carboxyl-terminated polybutadiene-based carbon black-filled networks

Carbon black-filled and unfilled carboxyl-terminated polybutadiene (CTPB) networks were prepared by using two types of reactive systems at different reactive group ratios to be applied to the solid propellant motor case as a liner. For the preparation of CTPB networks, tris(2-methyl-1 aziridinyl)phosphine oxide (MAPO) and a mixture of liquid bisphenol A-epichlorohydrin (Epikote-828) and MAPO were used as two different reactive systems. The chemistry and thermal stability of the CTPB networks were followed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetry (TG) techniques, whereas mechanical and adhesive properties were tested by tensile measurements. The mixed reactive system caused a modification in the ultimate tensile stress and elongation-at-break properties, adhesive properties, and thermal stability of the CTPB networks. It was understood that this modification was due to the inter- and intramolecular bridge formation via the end-linking reaction of Epikote-828 with amine groups of the former network chains. The combination of MAPO with Epikote-828 also imparted better peel and lap-shear strength properties to the CTPB elastomers. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 355–366, 1997     

书刊装订联动线用反应型聚氨酯热熔胶的研制

以聚酯多元醇、聚醚多元醇为软段,二异氰酸酯为硬段,辅以多种添加剂,制得一种性能优异的高结晶性单组分反应型聚氨酯(PUR)热熔胶。探讨了二异氰酸酯与多元醇的组成、投料比、扩链剂和添加剂等对产品性能的影响。结果表明:选用聚己二酸丁二醇酯二醇(PBA)为软段、1,4-丁二醇(1,4-BDO)为扩链剂以及4,4′-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)为硬段,当R=n(-NCO):n(-OH)=(1.5～2.0):1.0、w(-NCO)=1%时,PUR热熔胶的软化点为85～95℃,开放时间为3～9 min,符合书刊装订联动线使用的技术要求,具有很好的应用前景。